14 19 26.7 +71 35 17; UMi
V = 13.4; Size 0.9'x0.8'; Surf Br = 12.8
17.5" (7/10/99): fairly faint, fairly small, round, 0.8' diameter, gradually increases to a small bright core and stellar nucleus at moments with concentration. The galaxy is bracketed by two mag 13-14 stars 2.8' WSW and 2.2' ENE.
Lewis Swift found IC 1005 = Sw. 7-44 on 7 Jun 1888 and
reported "F; S; R; BM."
There is nothing at his position but ~1.0 min of RA east is
******************************
14 22 59.1 +23 47 40; Boo
V = 14.1; Size 1.0'x0.65'; PA = 99°
24" (5/31/22): at 327x; fairly faint, slightly elongated E-W, ~0.5'x0.4', low even surface brightness. A 33" pair of mag 10.3/11.9 stars is 8' ESE.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1006 = Sf. 15 on 14 May 1866. His position is 1.3' west of center and the identification is certain.
******************************
14 23 42.7 +28 20 48; Boo
Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (5/31/22):
Truman Safford discovered IC 1008 = Sf. 5 on 4 May 1866 with
the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory. There is nothing near his
position. Harold Corwin identifies
IC 1008 as a duplicate of IC 4414, situated nearly 1.4 minutes of RA west of
Safford's position. This large of
an error in RA is not unusual in his lists (see
Malcolm Thomson suggests that
******************************
14 27 20.4 +01 01 33; Vir
V = 13.4; Size 1.8'x1.6'
24" (5/31/22): at 327x; fairly faint, oval 3:2 or 5:3,
at least 0.8' diameter. The
brightest part is a broad "bar" oriented N-S (checking later it is a
barred spiral). A mag 11 star is
2.4' E and two mag 14/16 stars are ~2.7' SW. Located 8.5' SE of mag 8.0
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1010 = J. 2-783, along with IC 1011, on 8 Jun 1893. His position is accurate.
******************************
IC 1011 = MCG +00-37-008 = CGCG 019-036 = Ark 451 = PGC 51662
14 28 04.5 +01 00 23; Vir
V = 14.5; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 114°
24" (5/31/22): at 327x; faint, fairly small, slightly elongated, ~20"-24" diameter, weak concentration with a slightly brighter nucleus. Forms a pair (same redshift) with IC 1010 11' W.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1011 = J. 2-784, along with IC 1010, on 8 Jun 1893. His position is accurate.
z = .026 --> Hubble Flow distance ~370 million l.y. (same as IC 1010)
******************************
14 27 09.5 +30 56 54; Boo
V = 14.3; Size 1.1'x0.7'; PA = 112°
24" (5/31/22): faint, fairly small, slightly elongated
~E-W, 30" diameter, low even surface brightness.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1012 = Sf. 8 on 9 May
1866. He gave no description and
his position is 2' too far NNE, but since there are no other nearby galaxies
the identification is secure. But
his position was perhaps far enough off that when Javelle found it again 30
years later (9 Jul 1896) he and Dreyer assumed it was new and it acquired the
second identification
******************************
14 27 50.8 +25 50 17; Boo
V = 14.2; Size 0.9'x0.5'; PA = 96°
17.5" (5/11/96): very faint, fairly small, round, very
weak concentration, 40" diameter.
Located 5.8' WSW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1013 = J. 1-291, along with
IC 1017, on 16 Jun 1892. His
published offsets match
******************************
14 28 18.4 +13 46 49; Boo
V = 12.5; Size 2.7'x2.0'; Surf Br = 14.2; PA = 90°
17.5" (6/8/02): very faint, fairly large, slightly elongated ~E-W, perhaps 2.5'x2.0'. Appears a diffuse, ill-defined glow with a weak central brightening. The halo appears to fade into the background, so difficult to judge extent.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1014 = Sf. 78 on 27 Apr 1867 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory and noted "F, pL, R, very gradually brighter middle." His position is accurate.
******************************
14 28 19.2 +15 25 12; Boo
Size 0.7'x0.4'
24" (6/28/22): at 375x; initially seen a single, though somewhat irregular elongated glow. The brightest part is at the NE end (two merged galaxies), which often stood out. The third SW member was faint and occasionally seeemed detached.
48" (5/16/12): fairly small, irregular glow with several components extending ~0.7' SW-NE. The southwest component was faint, small, elongated 2:1 SW-NE. The two northeast components were connected as a fairly faint, small glow, elongated SW-NE. The east member had a quasi-stellar core.
Fritz Zwicky described this object as an "Interconnected post-eruptive blue pair of galaxies with several knots and jets."
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1015 = J. 292 on 28 Jun 1892 . He noted "very faint, irregularly extended, without condensation" and measured an accurate position."
******************************
14 27 32.4 +04 49 18; Vir
V = 14.1; Size 0.9'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.6
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1016 = Sw. 10-26 on 28 Apr 1891
and reported "vF; vS; R; f[ollowing] of [NGC] 5619." There is nothing at his position, but
1.3 minutes of RA west is IC 4424, found by Bigourdan on 23 May 1892. Bigourdan measured an accurate
position, so his designation is used in most modern sources and IC 1016 has
been discarded, although it should be the primary one. RNGC calls this galaxy
******************************
IC 1017 = UGC 9276 = MCG +04-34-032 = CGCG 133-062 = AWM 3-2 = PGC 51668
14 28 07.2 +25 52 08; Boo
V = 13.7; Size 1.0'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 128°
17.5" (5/11/96): fairly faint, small, elongated 2:1 NW-SE, 45"x25", bright core. A mag 12 star is 1.1' WSW. This galaxy is located 2.4' NW of NGC 5629 and is the second brightest in a group of 5 galaxies in field including IC 1013 4' SW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1017 = J. I-293, along with
IC 1013, on 16 Jun 1892 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice
Observatory. His position matches
******************************
14 28 13.5 +25 56 51; Boo
V = 14.0; Size 0.8'x0.5'
17.5" (5/11/96): faint, small, round, 20" diameter. A mag 13 star lies 25" W of center. Located 6.0' N of NGC 5629 and 9' NW of a mag 7 star within a small group.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1019 = J. 1-295 on 28 Jul 1892.
******************************
14 28 49.5 +26 01 56; Boo
V = 14.1; Size 1.2'x0.3'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 176°
17.5" (5/11/96): faint, small, elongated 2:1 N-S, very small bright core. A mag 13 star lies 0.9' NW of center. Located 13' NE of NGC 5629 and last of 5 in field.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1020 = J. 1-296 on 28 Jul 1892.
******************************
14 29 17.1 +20 39 16; Boo
V = 13.7; Size 1.1'x0.8'; PA = 129°
24" (5/31/22): at 327x; faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated ~N-S (though shifts major axis with averted), fairly even surface
brightness with a broad mild concentration and slightly brighter center. Forms
the eastern vertex of triangle with a mag 11.8 star 5.6' WNW and a similar mag
11.6 star 4.8' S. Located 8' SSE of
mag 7.3
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1021 = J.1-297 on 11 Jun 1891. He called it "faint, small, irregularly round, without condensation." and measured an accurate position.
******************************
14 30 01.9 +03 46 18; Vir
V = 14.4; Size 1.1'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 161°
24" (6/29/22): at 327x; fairly faint, elongated 2:1
NNW-SSE, 0.6'x0.3', small brighter core.
A mag 11.7 star is just 1.0' N of center and a mag 12.7 star is 2' SSE. IC 1022 is situated 17' ENE of mag 6.8
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1022 = J. 1-298 on 19 Jul
1892. His position is 1.2' too far
north due to an error in the position of his offset star (
******************************
14 31 27.2 +03 00 33; Vir
V = 13.4; Size 1.6'x0.6'; PA = 29°
24" (6/29/22): at 327x; relatively bright, very
elongated ~3:1 SSW-NNE, 1.0' in length, brighter core. A mag 14.5 star is close to the NNE
tip. Located 30' SE of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1024 = J. 1-299 on 2 Jun 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
14 30 10.6 +31 12 54; Boo
V = 12.2; Size 1.7'x1.3'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 125°
See observing notes for
Truman Safford found IC 1026 = Sf. 13 on 11 May 1866 and
simply noted "pretty bright".
There is nothing at his position but 1 minute of RA west is NGC 5653 and
his description is appropriate for an 18.5" refractor. Safford made several other 1 minute
errors in his RA positions, including
******************************
14 29 48.5 +53 57 54; Boo
V = 14.1; Size 0.9'x0.8'; PA = 0°
24" (7/1/19): at 322x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 35" diameter, nearly even surface brightness. IC 1027 is the brightest in a group
with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1027 = Sw. 7-45 on 23 Jul 1887 and
recorded "eeeF; pS; R; another or a few F st. nr." His position was just off the south
side of
******************************
14 42 28.9 +41 50 32; Boo
V = 12.1; Size 2.3'x2.1'; Surf Br = 13.6
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1028 = Sw. 8-81 on 1 Sep 1888 and
reported "pB; S; R; F * close nf." There is nothing at his position, but all modern catalogues
identify IC 1028 = UGC 9368 (first given in the CGCG). This galaxy is situated 15' SE of
Swift's position. But in August
2017, I noticed that
******************************
14 32 27.2 +49 54 13; Boo
V = 11.3; Size 2.8'x0.5'; Surf Br = 11.6; PA = 152°
17.5" (6/24/95): moderately bright, edge-on 5:1 NNW-SSE, 2.0'x0.4'. Contains a very small and round prominent core with a faint stellar nucleus at moments. Located 3.2' W of a mag 9.5 star. This is an unusual situation with a brighter IC galaxy (discovered by William Herschel) in the field of a fainter NGC galaxy (discovered by John Herschel).
William Herschel discovered IC 1029 = H. II-696 = Big. 185
on 15 May 1787 (sweep 736). He
recorded "pretty bright, small, elongated." His position matches
When Bigourdan observed the pair of galaxies on 14 Jun 1887, he assumed UGC 9361 was new, measured an accurate position, and Dreyer catalogued Big. 185 as IC 1029. This is an unusual situation where an IC object was discovered earlier by WH! Note: Malcolm Thomson argues in his IC identification notes that NGC 5673 = IC 1029. See NGC 5673 for more.
******************************
IC 1030 = NGC 5672 = UGC 9354 = MCG +05-34-068 = CGCG 163-077 = LGG 383-003 = PGC 51964
14 32 38.3 +31 40 12; Boo
V = 13.5; Size 0.9'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 50°
See observing notes for
Truman Safford found IC 1030 = Sf. 6 on 5 May 1866. There is nothing at his position but 1 minute of RA west is NGC 5672, an error made by Safford on several other discoveries. So, likely IC 1030 = NGC 5672. Harold Corwin made this identification.
******************************
14 34 24.0 +48 02 15; Boo
V = 14.4; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 56°
24" (6/15/15): faint to fairly faint, small, elongated
3:2 SW-NE, 0.3'x0.2'. A mag 15.2
star lies 40" NE. First of 3
(WBL 515) with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1031 = Sw. 7-46 on 6 May 1888 and recorded "eeeF; S; R; nearly pointed to by 2 D st., 1st of 3 [with IC 1032 and 1033]." His RA was 12 seconds too large (copied into the IC), but the identification is certain. Howe measured an accurate position in his series of NGC/IC observations around 1900.
******************************
IC 1032 = CGCG 248-006 = I Zw 91 = WBL 515-002 = PGC 52097
14 34 39.5 +47 58 05; Boo
V = 14.4; Size 0.5'x0.4'
24" (6/15/15): fairly faint, small, round, 20" diameter, fairly high surface brightness. Second of three with IC 1033 1.9' SSE and IC 1031 4.9' NW. IC 1032 is a merged pair (unresolved) with the two nuclei separated by only 5".
18" (7/15/07): faint, very small, irregularly round, 20"x15", occasional faint stellar nucleus. Forms a pair with slightly brighter IC 1033 just 2' S. The pair was found while observing the field of comet C/2006 VZ_13 (LINEAR).
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1032 = Sw. 7-47 on 6 May 1888 and
recorded "eeeF; S; R; 2nd of 3 [with IC 1031 and 1033]." On the SDSS, this is a merged double
system with two nuclei (
******************************
IC 1033 = CGCG 248-007 = WBL 515-003 = PGC 52099
14 34 41.8 +47 56 16; Boo
V = 14.0; Size 0.9'x0.8'
24" (6/15/15): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, bright core, 25" diameter. Slightly larger and brighter of a pair with IC 1033 1.9' NNW and IC 1031 6.7' NW forming a triplet.
18" (7/15/07): faint, small, round, 25" diameter, weak concentration. Brighter of a pair with IC 1032 2' N. Forms the vertex of a right angle with a mag 13 star 2.6' S and a mag 12 star 5' E.
These two small galaxies were picked up in the same field (10' apart) while viewing 7th magnitude C/2006 VZ13 (LINEAR) in the same field of view! IC 1031 is located just 6.7' NW but missed viewing as it was outside of the field.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1033 = Sw. 7-48 on 6 May 1888 and recorded "eeF; pS; R; 3rd of 3 [with IC 1031 and 1032]." His position is just 5 seconds too large in RA.
******************************
14 37 13.7 +14 39 55; Boo
V = 14.4; Size 0.6'x0.45'; PA = 5°
24" (7/1/22): at 327x; in the faint to very faint category, round, just 20" diameter, slightly brighter nucleus. A mag 12.5 star is 1.5' SSE and a mag 9.0 is 4' NW. On deep images, this is a late-stage merger with shells and tails.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1034 = J. 1-301 on 19 Jul 1892. He noted "very faint, poorly defined, weak condensation." and measured an accurate position.
******************************
14 38 10.2 +09 20 10; Boo
V = 14.3; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 150°
24" (7/1/22): at 327x and 375x; faint, small, round, 25" diameter, low surface brightness. A mag 15-15.5 star is right at the NE edge and a mag 13 star is 1' NE (helps to pinpoint the location).
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1035 = J. 1-302 on 24 May 1892. He noted "pretty faint, roughly round, 10" diameter, very pale, near a faint star."
******************************
14 38 22.8 +18 06 40; Boo
V = 15.2; Size 0.6'x0.2'; PA = 43°
24" (5/31/22): at 327x; between faint and very faint,
elongated SW-NE, very low even surface brightness, ~25" diameter. Fainter of a pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1036 = J. 1-303, along with IC 1037, on 13 Jun 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
IC 1037 = MCG +03-37-028 = CGCG 104-057 = PGC 52319
14 38 25.4 +18 11 02; Boo
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 107°
24" (5/31/22): at 327x; fairly faint, round, 30"
diameter, very small brighter nucleus.
Forms the western vertex of a small triangle with a mag 14.7 star 1.4' E
and similar star 1.7' SE. Forms a
physical pair (similar redshift) with IC 1036 4.4' S. Located 7' SSE of mag 5.9
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1037 = J. 1-304, along with IC 1036, on 13 Jun 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
14 40 29.4 +03 25 58; Vir
V = 14.7; Size 0.6'x0.3'; PA = 43°
24" (6/18/12): faint, very small, slightly elongated
SW-NE, 15" diameter. Located
3.7' SW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1039 = J. 1-306, along with
******************************
IC 1041 = MCG +01-37-045 = CGCG 047-134 = WBL 518-004 = PGC 52434
14 40 37.9 +03 22 37; Vir
V = 13.9; Size 0.8'x0.6'; PA = 165°
24" (6/18/12): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated
4:3 NNW-SSE, well concentrated with a small bright core. Forms a close pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1041 = J. 1-308 = Sw. 10A-6 = Sw. 11-173, along with IC 1039, 1042 and 1043, on 28 May 1891. His dec is ~1.5' too far south but the identification is certain. Lewis Swift found it again on 17 May 1892 and noted Sw. 10A-6 as "eF, vS, lE. 1st of 3 [with IC 1042 and NGC 5718]." Swift reobserved it again on 16 Sep 1896 from Echo Mountain in Southern California and reported it as new in his 11th discovery list with a slightly modified position, probably to make sure Dreyer didn't miss this discovery. Dreyer assumed Swift's observation referred to IC 1039, but since his declination was 6' south of IC 1042, it probably refers to IC 1041.
******************************
IC 1042 = Arp 171 NED1 = UGC 9457 = MCG +01-37-046 = WBL 518-003 = PGC 52433
14 40 39.0 +03 28 10; Vir
V = 13.3; Size 1.1'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.3
24" (6/18/12): fairly faint, fairly small, round,
24" diameter, weak concentration.
Fainter member of a double system (
17.5" (6/8/91): very faint, very small, low even surface brightness. Forms a double system (Arp 171) just off the WNW edge of NGC 5718. Member of the poor cluster MKW 8
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1042 = J. I-309 = Sw. 10A-7 = Sw. 11-174 on 27 Apr 1878 (probably again on 2 Jun 1878). During an observation of NGC 5718, he noted a new nebula [IC 1042] 5 seconds of times preceding in the parallel. Stephan failed to publish the discovery, though.
Stephane Javelle rediscovered IC 1042, along with IC 1039, 1041 and 1043, on 28 May 1891 with description "vF, R, 10" diameter, brighter center." In a footnote he mentioned "distinct from NGC 5718". Lewis Swift independently discovered the galaxy on 17 May 1892 and included it in his list 10A (#7) as "eeF, S, R, close D with 5718." Swift observed it again on 16 Sep 1896 from Echo Mountain in Southern California and reported it as new a second time in his 11th discovery list, perhaps to make sure Dreyer didn't miss this discovery. Javelle (1) and Swift (2) were credited in the IC, but not Stephan.
******************************
14 40 43.4 +03 22 26; Vir
V = 14.8; Size 0.6'x0.3'; PA = 22°
24" (6/18/12): faint, very small, slightly elongated SSW-NNE, 15"x10", faint stellar nucleus with direct vision. Located 1.4' E of IC 1041 in the core of the NGC 5718 group (MKW 8). This galaxy is not identified as IC 1043 in Megastar or HyperLeda and is not listed in the original PGC.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1043 = J. 310, along with IC 1039, 1041 and 1042, on 28 May 1891. His dec is nearly 2' too far south (same as IC 1041).
******************************
14 41 29.0 +09 25 51; Boo
V = 14.0; Size 1.1'x0.7'; PA = 1°
24" (7/1/22): at 327x;, fairly faint, small bright
nucleus with a faint halo that extends ~0.5'x0.3' N-S. Located 9' NE of mag 8.7
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1044 = J. 1-311 on 24 May 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
14 50 39.4 +42 44 27; Boo
V = 13.7; Size 1.1'x0.4'; PA = 150°
24" (7/1/19): at 375x; fairly faint, moderately large,
elongated 5:2 NW-SE, ~1.0'x0.4', bright elongated core.
24" (6/3/19): at 322x;
Forms a physical pair of Markarian galaxies with CGCG 220-059 1.8' NNE. The companion was very faint and small, round, 12"-15" diameter.
NED equates IC 1045 with
17.5" (6/27/98): faint, moderately large, very elongated NW-SE, 1.0'x0.25', weakly concentrated. A mag 13 star lies 1.5' NW of center. Forms a close pair of edge-ons with NGC 5730 3' SW.
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1045 = Sw. 8-82 = UGC 9559 on
28 May 1875. His uncorrected
position is 6' to the NE, similar to the offsets for the positions he reported
for
Lewis Swift rediscovered this galaxy on 1 Sep 1888. He described nebula #82 in his 8th
discovery list (later IC 1045) as "eeeF; pS; R; nearly bet. 2 st.; forms
triangle with 2 st; eee diff."
There is nothing at his position, though 7' WNW is NGC 5731. Harold Corwin originally considered IC
1045 as perhaps a duplicate of NGC 5731, though this would imply Swift missed
In August 2017, I sent Harold Corwin an email correcting Swift's position for IC 895 (he made a 10 minute error in RA). Corwin found that the same 10 minute correction applied to IC 1045, as well as IC 1028 (both discovered on the same night), resulted in IC 1045 = UGC 9559. No modern catalogues (yet) makes this identification. Courtney Seligman also found that IC 511, the 4th object discovered that night by Swift, shares the same 10 minute error! So, there were two late 19th century discoveries of this galaxy that might have led to a NGC or IC designation, but through omission and a recording error, all modern sources refer to it as UGC 9559.
******************************
14 37 53.4 +69 00 52; UMi
Size 0.8'x0.4'; PA = 87°
24" (7/1/19): at 225x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 or 2:1 E-W, small brighter nucleus. Mottled, irregular appearance, ~36"x20". A ~20" pair of mag 11.7/13.2 stars is 3' E (nearly collinear with the galaxy).
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1046 = Sw. 7-49 on 11 Jun 1888 and reported "eF; S; R; D * nr f[ollowing] points to it." His position is within 30" of CGCG 337-017 = PGC 52284 and the double star is 3.5' E.
******************************
14 42 19.9 +19 11 31; Boo
V = 14.7; Size 0.6'x0.5'
18" (7/10/10): at 285x appeared very faint, small,
round, 20" diameter, low surface halo surrounding a brighter core. Located 5' S of a mag 11 star. Collinear with three mag 13-13.5 stars
extending to the NE with the closest 1.6' NE. A compact group of extremely
faint galaxies lies 4' S of IC 1047 and the combined glow (or the brightest
galaxy) was just visible.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1047 = J. 313 on 18 May 1892.
******************************
14 42 58.0 +04 53 22; Vir
V = 13.1; Size 2.2'x0.7'; PA = 163°
24" (6/29/22): moderately bright edge-on 4:1 or 5:1
nearly N-S, ~1.5'x0.3', bulging central region and tapers at the tips. A mag
15.5 star is close to the north end.
Member of the large
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1048 = J. 1-312 on 18 Jul 1892. He noted "quite bright, elongated approximately in the direction of the meridian [N-S], about 1' in length, appears granulated." His position is accurate.
******************************
14 39 33.1 +62 00 11; Dra
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 70°
24" (7/1/19): at 225x and 375x; moderately bright and large, roundish, ~45"-50" diameter, increases gradually and mildly to the center. A mag 10.4 star is 4.7' SSW and a mag 11.1 star is 4.4' ENE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1049 = Sw. 9-41 on 2 Jul 1889 and reported "eeF; pS; R; nearly bet. 2 distant wide D st." The wide double stars are NE and S.
******************************
14 44 07.1 +18 00 45; Boo
V = 14.5; Size 0.9'x0.45'; PA = 30°
24" (7/1/22): at 225x, 327x and 375x; nearly fairly faint, brighter core, faint elongated halo ~3:2 SW-NE, 25"-30" diameter. A mag 10 star is 7' SW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1050 = J. 1-314 on 23 Jun 1892. He noted "very faint, small, round, 15" diameter, diffuse without condensation."
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14 44 11.6 +19 01 13; Boo
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.6'
18" (7/10/10): very faint, very small, round, 12"
diameter. Located 16' NE of NGC
5737 and 18' NW of mag 6.2
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1051 = J. 315 on 18 Jul 1892.
******************************
14 45 49.0 +50 23 39; Boo
V = 13.3; Size 1.8'x1.3'; Surf Br = 14.1; PA = 20°
24" (7/11/18): at 200x and 375x; fairly faint to moderately bright, 1' diameter, slightly elongated ~N-S, low surface brightness outer halo increases with averted, brighter core has a broad, weak concentration towards the center. Situated between a mag 10.5 star 2.6' W and a mag 7.8 star 6.6' E. Three additional mag 10 stars are within 7' to the SW.
Lewis Swift found IC 1056 = Sw. 7-50 on 4 Jul 1888 and
reported, "eeF, L, R; forms an arc of a small circle with 2 sts; 3 pB sts
nr sf in form of arc of a large circle." His position was just off the west edge of this galaxy. Swift first discovered this galaxy on 8
Apr 1888, but his description for
******************************
IC 1057 = IC 1056 = UGC 9516 = MCG +08-27-023 = CGCG 273-025 = PGC 52713
14 45 49.0 +50 23 39; Boo
V = 13.3; Size 1.8'x1.3'; Surf Br = 14.1; PA = 20°
24" (7/11/18): at 200x and 375x; fairly faint to moderately bright, 1' diameter, slightly elongated ~N-S, low surface brightness outer halo increases with averted, brighter core has a broad, weak concentration towards the center. Situated between a mag 10.5 star 2.6' W and a mag 7.8 star 6.6' E. Three additional mag 10 stars are within 7' to the SW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1057 = Sw. 7-51 on 8 Apr 1888 and reported "eF; pS; R; bet a pB* and a coarse D *, nearer the latter. His position is 2.3' too far SE. He rediscovered the galaxy on July 4th and it was recatalogued as IC 1056 with a more accurate position. Neither Swift nor Dreyer caught the equivalence as the descriptions and positions are enough different.
******************************
14 49 12.4 +17 01 15; Boo
V = 13.9; Size 1.1'x0.4'; PA = 115°
24" (7/1/22): at 327x; fairly faint, elongated 2:1 WNW-ESE, 45" diameter, small brighter nucleus with tapering ends (lens shaped).
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1058 = J. 1-319 on 27 Jun 1892. He noted "faint, elongated, lying along the meridian [N-S], very condensed, 14th mag nucleus."
******************************
14 51 47.3 -07 13 57; Lib
V = 13.6; Size 1.5'x0.8'; PA = 92°
18" (7/24/11): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated
3:2 WNW-ESE, ~32"x22", broad weak concentration to the center but no
distinct core or nucleus. Located
20' W of a 1.4' pair of mag 9 stars.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1060 = Sf. 106 on 23 May 1868 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory. His position is accurate.
******************************
14 51 17.7 +18 41 13; Boo
V = 14.3; Size 0.3'x0.2'; PA = 100°
17.5" (6/7/97): faint, small, round, 20" diameter,
low even surface brightness. View
hampered by mag 7.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1062 = J. 321 on 18 Jul 1892. CGCG doesn't label this galaxy as IC 1062.
******************************
14 52 11.0 +04 40 55; Vir
V = 14.3; Size 1.3'x1.1'; PA = 145°
24" (6/29/22): at 375x; fairly faint, slightly elongated, ~30" diameter, diffuse. It appeared to have a double nucleus [separation 13" E-W], which suggested it might be a merger. But checking images afterwards, the brighter eastern "nucleus" is a superimposed star. Nearby are three brighter stars; a mag 9.3 star 7' SW and mag 10.3 star 5' SE and a mag 10.7 star 4' W.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1063 = J. 1-322 on 18 May
1892. His position is
accurate. He found the galaxy
again two months later on 15 Jul, so the galaxy also carries the label
******************************
IC 1064 = IC 1063 = UGC 9565 = MCG +01-38-007 = CGCG 048-036 = PGC 53094
14 52 11.0 +04 40 55; Vir
V = 14.3; Size 1.3'x1.1'; PA = 145°
24" (6/29/22): at 375x; fairly faint, slightly elongated, ~30" diameter, diffuse. Appears to have a double nucleus [separation 13" E-W] and I thought it might be a merger, but checking images afterwards the brighter eastern one is a superimposed star.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1064 = J. 1-323 on 15 Jul 1892. His position is accurate, though he had already discovered this galaxy two months earlier using a different offset star! So IC 1063 = IC 1064.
******************************
14 49 21.6 +63 16 14; Dra
V = 13.6; Size 0.8'x0.7'; PA = 89°
18" (7/10/10): faint, very small, 15" diameter. Appears to have an extremely low surface brightness halo increasing the diameter to 30". Located 14' SE of Stein 775 = 11.5/12.0 at 9".
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1065 = Sw. 7-52 on 7 Apr 1888 and recorded "vF, pS, R." His position is just off the south side of the galaxy. Identified in the MCG only as +11-18-008.
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14 53 02.9 +03 17 44; Vir
V = 13.1; Size 1.2'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 70°
48" (4/19/17): bright, moderately large, oval 5:3 WSW-ENE, ~0.8'x0.5'. Contains a small, very bright nucleus. A mag 11 star is 1.8' E, a mag 12.5 star is 1.2' ESE and a mag 16.6 star lies 0.9' N. Forms a bright pair with IC 1067 2.2' NNE.
24" (6/23/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 5:3 WSW-ENE, ~40"x24". Occasionally appears slightly brighter along the major
axis. An 11th mag star is 2' E
with a 13th mag star is 1.3' ESE.
Forms a nice pair with
17.5" (6/18/93): faint, small, elongated 4:3 WSW-ENE,
almost even surface brightness, weak concentration. A wide pair of mag 11 and 13 stars at 40" separation
are about 1.5' ESE. Forms a close
pair with IC 1067 2.2' NNE. In the
same 140x field (using a 14mm Nagler) with
R.J. Mitchell, Lord Rosse's assistant, discovered IC 1066 =
J. 1-324, along with IC 1067, on 16 May 1855. He assumed he was observing the double system
Édouard Stephan made an independent discovery (probably of both galaxies) on 3 Jun 1878 (rough position 4' WSW)', though never published the observation. Stephane Javelle found the galaxy again on 28 May 1891, measured an accurate position, and it was catalogued as IC 1066. Javelle is credited in the IC, as the connection with the Birr Castle sketch was never made.
******************************
IC 1067 = UGC 9574 = MCG +01-38-010 = PGC 53178
14 53 05.4 +03 19 53; Vir
V = 12.2; Size 2.2'x1.7'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 110°
48" (4/19/17): bright, moderately large, slightly
elongated NW-SE, ~1.0' diameter.
Contains a very bright very small nucleus. I didn't notice the bar structure in a quick
observation. An easy 9" pair
of mag 15-15.5 stars is on the southwest side. Forms a 2.2' pair with IC 1066 to the SSW with the NGC
5774/5775 18' NE. A mag 16.6 star
lies 1.3' SSW, nearly on a direct line between IC 1066 and
24" (6/23/17): at 375x; moderately bright, fairly small, roundish, ~45" diameter. Contains a very small brighter nucleus embedded in a "bar" that was often seen oriented NW-SE. A 15th mag star is superimposed at the west edge. Brighter of a nice pair with IC 1066 2.2' SSW. Two mag 11 and 13 stars lies 2.5' E and a similar distance southeast.
17.5" (6/18/93): slightly larger and brighter of close pair with IC 1066 2.2' SSW. Fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated NW-SE, 1.0'x0.8', bright core. A mag 12 star is 2.7' ESE. Prominent for an IC pair.
R.J. Mitchell, Lord Rosse's assistant, discovered IC 1067 = J. 1-325, along with IC 1066, on 16 May 1855. See the story under IC 1066.
******************************
14 50 46.5 +54 24 40; Boo
V = 13.8; Size 1.3'x0.7'; PA = 50°
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 4:3 SW-NE, ~40"x30", sharply concentrated with a very small bright nucleus.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1069 = Sw. 7-53 on 8 Apr 1888 and reported "pF; vS; R; in vacancy." His position is 3' too far southeast, but there are no other nearby galaxies so the identification is certain.
******************************
14 53 51.3 +03 29 05; Vir
V = 15.0; Size 0.7'x0.3'; PA = 121°
48" (4/19/17): moderately bright, fairly small, oval 3:2 NW-SE, brighter core but no sharp nucleus. Located 4' SSW of NGC 5775, which forms a striking pair with NGC 5774.
24" (6/23/17): at 375x; faint, very small, slightly elongated NW-SE, 15"x12", weak concentration. Located 4' SSW of NGC 5775.
24" (7/14/15): at 375x; faint to fairly faint (visible continuously), small, elongated 3:2 NW-SE, 18"x12". By far the faintest and smallest in a trio with NGC 5774 3.9' NE and NGC 5774 6.3' NNW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1070 = J. 1-327 on 3 Jun 1891 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory and recorded "vF, S, R, diffic."
******************************
14 54 12.5 +04 45 00; Vir
V = 13.2; Size 1.0'x0.8'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 150°
18" (6/17/04): brightest and furthest south of a
collinear trio with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1071 = Sw. 10-27 on 25 Jun 1891 and logged "eF; S; R; BM." His position is 2' too far south. Swift missed nearby IC 1072 and IC 1073 to the north, which Javelle discovered the following year. Howe reported a corrected position in his series of NGC/IC observation in Monthly Notices.
******************************
IC 1072 = MCG +01-38-016 = CGCG 048-064 = PGC 53258
14 54 13.1 +04 50 29; Vir
V = 14.2; Size 0.6'x0.4'; PA = 152°
18" (6/17/04): faint, fairly small, slightly elongated, 0.5'x0.4', fairly smooth surface brightness. In a collinear triplet (second brightest) with IC 1071 5.5' S and IC 1073 2.8' S.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1072 = J. 328, along with IC 1073, on 18 May 1892 .
******************************
IC 1073 = CGCG 048-063 = PGC 53259
14 54 14.4 +04 47 40; Vir
V = 14.9; Size 0.5'x0.4'
18" (6/17/04): faintest of a collinear triplet with IC 1071 2.7' S and IC 1072 2.8' N. Very faint, very small, round, 20" diameter, low surface brightness and requires averted. A mag 12 star lies 4' due west.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1073 = J. 329, along with IC 1072, on 18 May 1892
******************************
14 51 57.3 +51 15 54; Boo
V = 14.2; Size 1.0'x0.4'; PA = 117°
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 NW-SE, ~40"x20", slightly brighter core. A mag 12.7 star is 1.7' W, a mag 14.4 star is 1' SSW and a mag 9.5 star is 3.4' SW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1074 = Sw. 7-54 on 4 Jul 1888 and recorded "eeF; S; R." His position is just off the north edge of the galaxy.
******************************
14 54 49.2 +18 06 21; Boo
V = 14.1; Size 1.2'x0.6'; PA = 155°
24" (7/11/18): at 282x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 5:3 NNW-SSE, ~40"x24", weak concentration, fairly low
surface brightness. In a trio (WBL
535) with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1075 = Sw. 8-83, along with IC 1076, on 22 Apr 1889. He reported "eeeF; pS; R; p of 2 [with IC 1076]."
******************************
IC 1076 = UGC 9595 = Mrk 479 = MCG +03-38-055 = CGCG 105-071 = SBL 535-002 = PGC 53320
14 54 59.6 +18 02 14; Boo
V = 13.7; Size 0.9'x0.5'; PA = 9°
24" (7/11/18): at 282x; moderately bright, fairly small, elongated 5:3 SSW-NNE, ~45"x25", brighter core. Brightest in a quartet with IC 1075 4.8' NNW and CGCG 105-073 5.8' NNE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1076 = Sw. 8-84, along with IC 1075, on 22 Apr 1889. He reported "eeeF; pS; R; in vacancy; pB * sp; f of 2 [with IC 1075]." Stephane Javelle found it again on 13 Jun 1892 and reported it as new (J. 1-330), with comments "faint, round, 30" diameter, central condensation."
******************************
IC 1077 = ESO 581-0029 = MCG -03-38-030 = PGC 53450
14 57 21.7 -19 12 50; Lib
V = 12.6; Size 1.4'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 135°
17.5": fairly faint, fairly small, roundish, 1.1'
diameter, very weak even concentration.
A mag 13.5 star lies 2.4' SW.
Located 20' WNW of
Frank Muller discovered IC 1077 = LM(S) 676, along with IC
1081, on 18 Mar 1887 at the Leander McCormick Observatory. He called it "round, gradually
brighter to a middle nucleus." and his micrometric offset in RA matches
******************************
14 56 29.0 +09 21 16; Boo
V = 14.0; Size 1.0'x0.8'; PA = 13°
24" (7/14/15): faint, fairly small, round, 30"
diameter, low surface brightness.
Forms a nice pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1078 = J. 1-331, along with IC 1079, on 17 May 1892 and recorded "pF, vS, R, little brighter in the middle."
******************************
IC 1079 = UGC 9611 = MCG +02-38-026 = CGCG 076-103 = WBL 536-002 = PGC 53418
14 56 36.2 +09 22 11; Boo
V = 13.3; Size 1.7'x1.0'; PA = 82°
24" (7/14/15): fairly faint to moderately bright, slightly elongated E-W, ~45"x36", well concentrated with a small very bright core. Brighter of a close pair with IC 1078 2' SE. UGC 9616 = VV 26 lies 7.3' SE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1079 = J. 1-332, along with IC 1078, on 17 May 1892 and recorded "F, vS, R, gradually brighter in the middle."
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14 57 59.8 -06 43 24; Lib
V = 13.8; Size 1.4'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 30°
18" (7/24/11): faint, fairly small, oval 3:2 SW-NE,
26"x18", broad weak concentration, no distinct zones. Located 3' ESE of mag 8.8 HD
132149.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1080 = J. 2-787 on 9 Jun 1893.
******************************
14 58 55.1 -19 14 21; Lib
V = 13.8; Size 1.4'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 147°
17.5" (6/16/01): very faint, very elongated NW-SE, 1.2'x0.3', low even surface brightness. Very weakly concentrated. Forms a close pair with brighter NGC 5791 2.7' SW and 5.7' due north of a mag 10 star.
Frank Muller discovered IC 1081 = LM(S) 677, along with IC 1077, on 18 Mar 1887 and recorded "1.0'x0.3', elongated [in p.a.] 175°." Muller didn't make an offset measure in declination. Howe measured an accurate position in 1898, though the IC position is 4' too far south.
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14 58 52.5 +07 00 26; Vir
V = 14.3; Size 0.8'x0.65'; PA = 43°
24" (6/29/22): at 327x and 375x; fairly faint, brighter roundish central region, with a faint halo extended SW-NE. A mag 10.8 star is 2.4' E.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1082 = J. 1-333 on 13 Feb 1893. He noted "very faint, nearly round, 30" diameter, even surface brightness."
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14 55 33.4 +68 24 31; UMi
Size 0.7'x0.4'; PA = 94°
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 4:3, ~24"x18", broad gradual concentration but no well defined core or nucleus. A 15" pair (uncatalogued) of mag 11.8/12.5 stars is 7' ESE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1083 = Sw. 7-55 on 2 Aug 1888 and
reported "eeF; S; R; D * in field f." His position is less than 2' NW of
******************************
15 01 14.9 -07 28 30; Lib
V = 14.2; Size 0.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 171°
18" (6/13/07): faint, fairly small, irregularly round, 25"x20". Located south of a group of 4 stars in a triangular pattern and 5' ESE of much brighter NGC 5812.
Francis Leavenworth discovered IC 1084 = LM(S) 693 on 30 Mar 1887 at the Leander McCormick Observatory and recorded it as "mag 15.6, 0.3' diameter, round, dif." His micrometric position is accurate.
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15 02 43.4 +17 15 09; Boo
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.75'; PA = 24°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated N-S, 30"x25". Well concentrated with a small bright core (round). The low surface brightness halo appears
elongated ~5:4. A mag 13 star is
1.8' SW. Located 6.4' ENE of mag
9.4
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1085 = J. 1-334, along with IC 1086, on 8 Jul 1891. His position is over 1' too far south, apparently due to an error in the declination of the offset star (SAO 101342).
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IC 1086 = MCG +03-38-077 = CGCG 105-101 = PGC 53734
15 03 29.2 +17 06 52; Boo
V = 14.4; Size 0.6'x0.4'; PA = 165°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, very small, round, 15" diameter, high surface brightness, occasional stellar nucleus. IC 1085 lies 14' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1086 = J. 1-335, along with
IC 1085, on 8 Jul 1891. His
position is 1.7' too far south, apparently due to an error in the declination
of the offset star. Some sources
(such as Megastar) misidentify nearby
******************************
15 06 43.9 +03 46 36; Vir
V = 14.6; Size 0.6'x0.2'; PA = 80°
24" (6/30/16): at 322x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated WSW-ENE, ~24"x18", small bright nucleus. IC 1087 is the brighter of a close pair
with
17.5" (6/29/00): this is the brighter of a close pair of difficult galaxies. At 220x, it appeared as an extremely faint and small glow, perhaps 25" diameter. At 280x a confused glow was visible and with extended viewing a close companion (UGC 9710) was just resolved to the southeast . With concentration both members could almost be held continuously. A mag 15 star lies 1.3' NE (this is IC 1088).
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1087 = J. 336, along with IC 1088, on 28 May 1891. His reference for IC 1087 and IC 1088 was a mag 9-10 star at 15 07 02.6 +03 50 50 (2000). His offsets for #336 = IC 1087 are -19.8 seconds of time and -4' 14.8" dec. This places IC 1087 at 15 06 42.8 +03 46 35 (J2000), a perfect match with the northwest galaxy of the pair. IC 1088, though, refers to a mag 15 star 1.3' NE of IC 1088. It is often misidentified as the southeast member of the pair.
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15 06 47.4 +03 47 31; Vir
V = 16.0
24" (6/30/16): at 322x; IC 1088 is a mag 16.0 star 1.2' NE of IC 1087. Modern sources (UGC, MCG, CGCG, HyperLeda, SIMBAD) misidentify UGC 9710 as IC 1088.
UGC 9710 appeared extremely faint or very faint, fairly small, very low surface brightness streak, ~30"x5". This galaxy is the fainter of a close pair with IC 1087 just 32" NW!
On 29 Jun 2000 I also viewed UGC 9710 in my 17.5" and recorded, "fainter of a very close pair with IC 1087 [33" between centers]. Glimpsed with averted vision only as a very small, elongated glow, ~20"x10" E-W. It was difficult to hold IC 1087 and UGC 9710 simultaneously.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1088 = J. 336, along with IC 1087, on 28 May 1891. See IC 1087.
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15 07 26.0 +07 07 00; Vir
V = 14.1; Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 140°
24" (6/29/22): at 327x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 NW-SE, 25" diameter, small bright core, stellar nucleus. A mag 12 star is 2' SSE and a mag 12.5 star is 3.5' E. An interesting group of stars is ~12' NE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1089 = J. 1-338 on 15 Jul 1892. His position is 1' too far south.
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15 08 13.5 -11 08 27; Lib
V = 13.4; Size 1.1'x0.7'; PA = 132°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 2:1 NW-SE, ~0.6'x0.3', low even surface brightness, no noticeable
core or zones. Located 9.5' NW of
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1091 = Big. 187 on 1 Jun 1888 and recorded "mag 13.4-13.5; diffuse; 40" diameter; stellar nucleus. His position matches PGC 54044.
******************************
15 07 36.1 +09 21 30; Boo
V = 14.1; Size 0.9'x0.9'
24" (6/29/22): at 327x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 4:3 or 3:2, diffuse halo, faint stellar nucleus. A nice unequal 20" pair of mag 10.8/13.5 stars is 7' NE and double star STF 1910 (mag 7.3/7.5 at 3.9") is 8' S.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1092 = J. 1-339 on 24 May 1892 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory. His position is accurate.
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15 07 35.6 +14 32 53; Boo
V = 14.4; Size 1.0'x0.7'; PA = 115°
24" (6/14/15): faint to fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 0.6' diameter, very weak concentration, overall low surface
brightness.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1093 = J. 1-340, along with IC 1094, on 8 Jul 1891 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory. He recorded "pB, vS, R, little brighter middle." His position is 1.6' too far south (same offset as IC 1094).
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IC 1094 = MCG +03-39-006 = VIII Zw 453 = CGCG 106-008 = PGC 54006 + 54009 + 54011
15 07 42.2 +14 37 30; Boo
V = 15.0; Size 0.5'x0.4'
24" (6/14/15): IC 1094 NED1 appeared very faint, very
small, round, at most 15" diameter.
Forms a very close triplet with
Zwicky called
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1094 = J. 1-341, along with IC 1093, on 8 Jul 1891 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory. He recorded "pB, vS, R, biN" implying he noticed two of the three components.
******************************
15 08 35.1 +13 40 14; Boo
V = 14.8; Size 0.6'x0.5'
24" (6/13/15): faint, small, slightly elongated,
20"x16", low even surface brightness. Forms an interacting double system with extremely compact
The companion appeared extremely faint, round, just ~6" diameter, and is squeezed between IC 1095 and a mag 15.5 star just 23" W. On the SDSS, the companion is attached at the tip of a stretched spiral arm from IC 1095.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1095 = Sw. 8-85 on 26 May 1889 and
recorded "eeF; S; lE; * 9m in field sf." His position is exactly 20' too far north but the 9th mag
star
******************************
15 08 21.6 +19 11 32; Boo
V = 15.0; Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 77°
24" (6/13/15): faint, small, round, 12"
diameter. First and faintest in a
trio with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1096 = J. 1-342, along with
IC 1097, on 20 Jul 1892. His
micrometric position matches
******************************
IC 1097 = UGC 9735 = MCG +03-39-010 = CGCG 106-012 = WBL 548-003 = PGC 54059
15 08 31.3 +19 11 04; Boo
V = 14.6; Size 1.1'x0.4'; PA = 58°
24" (6/13/15): faint, elongated 5:2 SW-NE, 30"x12", small slightly brighter core. A mag 11.2 star is 0.9' NW. Largest and second brightest in a trio with fainter IC 1096 2.4' WNW and brighter CGCG 106-011 2.2' NW. A mag 10.3 star is 1' W of CGCG 106-011.
CGCG 106-011, which is misidentified as IC 1096 in all modern catalogues, is the brightest of the triplet. It appeared fairly faint to moderately bright, small, round, 18" diameter, small bright nucleus. Flanked by a mag 11 star 1.3' SE and a mag 10.3 star 1' W, so in a 3' region there are 3 galaxies and two fairly bright stars!
17.5" (6/3/00): faint, small, elongated 2:1 SW-NE, 40"x20". Contains a 15" brighter core with very faint extensions visible intermittently. A mag 11 star is just 0.9' NW of center. Forms a pair with MCG +03-39-009 (misidentified as IC 1096 in major catalogues) 2.2' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1097 = J. 1-343, along with IC 1096, on 20 Jul 1892. His micrometric position is accurate. See IC 1096.
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15 06 54.7 +56 30 32; Dra
V = 13.7; Size 1.1'x1.0'
24" (7/28/19): at 322x, fairly faint, fairly small, round, 30" diameter, very weak concentration with a very slightly brighter core. A mag 14.5 star is 2' SW and other stars are nearby. MCG +09-25-019 and -020 is 13' SSW.
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; faint, fairly small, round,
~0.7' diameter, weak concentration, slightly brighter core along a SW-NE axis
(central bar). Bracketed by a mag
14.3 star 1.5' NE and a mag 14.5 star 1.0' SW, with a mag 15.4 star 1.7' SE.
Edward Swift, Lewis Swift's teenage son, discovered IC 1099 = Sw. 9-46 on 8 Jun 1890. In his 9th discovery list Lewis reported, "eeeF; pS; R; midway betw 2 vF nr. st." The position is 2' too far SE, but the identification is nearly certain with the two stars 1' SSW and 1.5' NNE.
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15 06 20.7 +62 58 52; Dra
V = 13.3; Size 0.8'x0.7'; PA = 60°
17.5" (6/14/96): faint, fairly small, elongated 4:3 WSW-ENE, 40"x30", weak concentration. Bracketed by a mag 13 star 52" SW of center and a mag 12 star 1.8' NNE. NGC identification uncertain (poor position from WH) and this galaxy is identified as IC 1100 (from Swift) in UGC, MCG, CGCG and RC3.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1100 = Sw. 9-45 on 22 Jun 1889 and
logged "vF; pS; lE; bet 2 stars." His position is 1.2' NW of
UGC, MCG, CGCG and RC3 all label this galaxy as IC 1100 (because of the unambiguous position) instead of NGC 5881. I wrote up this case in RNGC Corrections #6 and it is discussed in Corwin's notes.
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15 10 56.1 +05 44 41; Vir
V = 13.7; Size 1.2'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 23°
18" (6/30/11): this supergiant cD galaxy is the central
galaxy in
Wikipedia states this galaxy is the largest known in the universe, from 5-6 million light years. A 1991 paper by Uson, Boughn, & Kuhn (ApJ, 369, 46) gives a slightly smaller, though still extremely large diameter of 4 million light years.
Edward Swift, the son of Lewis Swift, discovered IC 1101 =
Sw. 9-47 on 19 Jun 1890 at the age of 19.
Lewis noted that he and Edward disagreed on the description after the
telescope was moved, and as a result no description is given in Swift's 9th
discovery list. In his survey of
NGC/IC objects around 1900, Herbert Howe found it to be "extremely faint
and very small. A star of mag 13
follows 1.5 seconds...and another precedes 2 seconds, a little
north." UGC does not label
their entry (
This is a super-giant cD in the center of AGC 2029 at a distance of 1.07 billion light years (slightly larger redshift than AGC 2065!). IC 1101 is one of the most distant galaxies discovered visually.
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15 11 04.9 +04 17 38; Vir
V = 13.9; Size 1.1'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 18°
24" (7/18/17): at 282x; fairly faint, elongated 2:1 ~N-S, 25"x12", nearly even surface brightness. Two mag 11.9 and 13.4 stars (1.4' separation) lie 2'-3' SE. Member of the USGC U690 group, which includes WBL 551 and WBL 554 and includes at least 21 galaxies to the E and NE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1102 = Sw. 10-30 on 24 Jun 1891 and reported "eeeF; vS; F * with dist. com[panion] nr. nf; eee diff." His position is 2' too far SE, but there are no other nearby candidates and two stars match his description, so the identification is certain.
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15 11 35.9 +19 12 28; Ser
V = 14.4; Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 178°
24" (7/1/19): at 282x and 375x; between faint and
fairly faint, small, slightly elongated N-S, ~20"x15", very small
brighter nucleus, occasional stellar nucleus. Located 15' NNW of mag 5.9
This galaxy lies at a distance of 1.1 billion light years and is included in Ogle's "Catalog of the Most Optically Luminous Galaxies at z < 0.3".
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1103 = J. 1-344 on 20 Jul 1892. His position is accurate. This galaxy isn't included in the PGC and HyperLEDA only uses a LEDA designation. Megastar has it identified as a MAC.
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15 13 13.9 +04 17 15; Ser
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.5'; PA = 94°
24" (7/18/17): at 282x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 3:2 E-W, ~30"x20", brighter quasi-stellar nucleus. Forms a close pair with
IC 1105 is the brightest member of the galaxy group WBL 554 (part of USGC U690), which contains 6 additional CGCG galaxies and resides at a distance of ~500 million l.y. Five of these galaxies form a chain oriented WNW-ESE and are situated ~12' N. WBL 551, a smaller group at a similar redshift, lies ~30' W.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1105 = Sw. 10-31, along with IC 1102, on 24 Jun 1891. He reported "eeF; S; lE; F * nr np; 3 distant st. in a curve sf." His position is 2' too far SE, but 3 stars to the SE match his description and the identification is secure. Swift missed the companion off the southwest side.
******************************
15 13 56.3 +04 42 39; Ser
V = 14.4; Size 0.9'x0.4'; PA = 34°
24" (7/28/19): at 322x; brighter and larger of a pair
with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1106 = J. 1-345, along with IC 1107, on 18 May 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
IC 1107 = CGCG 049-068 NED2 = PGC 54391 = LEDA 1272206
15 14 09.0 +04 42 52; Ser
V = 14.7; Size 0.7'x0.55'; PA = 141°
24" (7/28/19): at 322x; between faint and fairly faint, fairly small, roundish, low even surface brightness. A mag 15 star is attached on the NW end. Member of the USGC U690 group (21 galaxies) with IC 1106 3.2' W.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1107 = J. 1-346, along with IC 1106, on 18 May 1892. His position is accurate. IC 1107 is not in the PGC. HyperLEDA misidentifies an extremely faint edge-on 2.7' NNE as IC 1107.
******************************
15 16 49.9 -45 38 58; Lup
V = 9.5; Size 16"x15"
See observing notes for
Williamina Fleming found IC 1108 on a photograph of stellar spectra at Harvard's Arequipa station and announced as a star with a spectra of the "fifth type" in 1894 (AN 3227, 195). Later that year, she reported "this object is in reality a gaseous nebula". This planetary was originally discovered by John Herschel on 27 Sep 1834 and catalogued as h3594 (later NGC 5882). The equivalence apparently went unannounced until Andris Lauberts (ESO) and Harold Corwin ran across it while scanning southern Schmidt plates.
******************************
15 17 04.0 +05 15 22; Ser
V = 14.2; Size 0.7'x0.7'
24" (7/14/18): at 375x; fairly faint, small, round,
20" diameter, very small brighter nucleus. Located 4.5' ESE of a mag 10.2 star.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1109 = Sw. 10-32 on 25 Jun 1891 and reported "eeeF; pS; R; * nr nf; eee diff."
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15 12 05.1 +67 21 45; UMi
V = 14.0; Size 1.4'x0.4'; PA = 76°
24" (7/8/13): at 320x appeared fairly faint, fairly
small, edge-on 4:1 WSW-ENE, 0.6'x0.15', very small bright core, distinct
stellar nucleus. Located 15' W of
mag 5.1
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1110 = Sw. 7-56 on 2 Aug 1888 and noted "eeF; S; vE." His RA is 19 seconds too small but the identification is certain.
******************************
15 09 31.6 +54 30 23; Boo
V = 12.7; Size 2.4'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 50°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1111 = Sw. 8-86 on 26 Aug 1888 and
recorded "pB; S; R; triangle with 2 st." There is nothing at his position but most sources, including
HyperLeda and SIMBAD, identify
******************************
15 17 47.4 +07 13 06; Ser
V = 14.1; Size 1.0'x0.7'; PA = 121°
18" (7/4/08): faint, fairly small, elongated 5:2 NW-SE,
0.8'x0.35'. Located 20' NE of UGC
9799 in
Edward Swift, Lewis' 19 year-old son, discovered IC 1112 =
Sw. 9-48 on 19 Jun 1890 and recorded "eeF; pS; R." The position matches
******************************
15 22 18.9 -04 28 26; Lib
24" (7/14/20): at 375x; faint 10" pair of stars with components 14.2 and 14.8. The pair is oriented NW-SE with the brighter star on the SE side. It was easily resolved at 375x, though not obvious at 200x or less.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1115 = Sw. 8-87 on 28 May 1889 and noted "eeF; S; R; pB * nr. sf." During his survey of NGC and IC objects around 1900, Howe searched for this object and commented "I found only a double star of mags 12.5 and 13.5, with angle 315°, and distance 5". A star of mag 8.5 follows 7s, 2.5' south. The night was clear and the definition fair." The modern magnitude for the star is 10.5, but Howe's identification is nearly certain.
******************************
15 21 55.4 +08 25 25; Ser
V = 13.5; Size 1.6'x1.6'; Surf Br = 13.7
18" (7/28/03): fairly faint, moderately large, slightly
elongated N-S, 1.0'x0.8'. Contains
a very small brighter core.
Located 4.5' ESE of mag 8.7
Edward Swift, Lewis' 19 year-old son, discovered IC 1116 =
Sw. 9-49 on 19 Jun 1890 and recorded "eeF; S; R." The position matches
******************************
15 24 59.5 +13 26 42; Ser
V = 13.9; Size 1.0'x0.9'
14.5" (7/7/21): at 182x and 226x; between faint and fairly faint, small, round, 0.4' diameter, occasional nearly stellar nucleus. I could just hold the galaxy steadily with averted vision. A faint mag 15 star is off the WNW side, 0.7' from center. A mag 10 star is 3.7' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1118 = J. 1-349 = Sw. 11-179 on 29 Jul 1891. His position is accurate. This galaxy was found again by Swift on 3 Jun 1897 and reported as new, though his position was off by 7'. So, IC 1118 = IC 4543.
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15 25 44.3 -03 39 23; Ser
Size 0.7'; PA = 149°
48" (5/9/21): IC 1119 is an interacting merger pair
(separated by just 18"), with the main SW galaxy apparently a distorted
spiral. At 488x, it appeared
fairly faint, elongated ~2:1 NW-SE, ~30"x15", slightly brighter
nucleus. At the NW tip is a
compact glow (
A few nearby galaxies were viewed.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1119 = J. 2-788 on 16 Aug 1893. His position is accurate, though he apparently didn't resolve this interacting pair.
******************************
15 27 44.1 +06 48 14; Ser
V = 14.1; Size 0.8'x0.65'; PA = 54°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; faint, small, round, 15" diameter, possible stellar nucleus. The view is somewhat confused by a mag 14.5-15 star at the northwest edge [14" from center].
Edward Swift discovered IC 1121 = Sw. 9-50 on 19 Jun 1890 and recorded "eeeF; eS; stellar; vF * close p[receding]." The Swift's position is within 1' and the description applies to this compact galaxy. Howe noted the "vF * close p" is of mag 13.5 and is 20" distant at 315° [NW]."
******************************
15 29 23.1 +07 37 03; Ser
V = 14.8; Size 0.5'x0.5'
24" (6/13/15): very faint, very small, round, 12"
diameter. Can just hold
continuously with averted at 365x (6mm ZAO). Located 3' NW of
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1122 = Big. 192 on 4 Jun 1889 and recorded "mag 13.5; 30"-40" diameter, eF stellar nucleus." Dreyer also credited Barnard with the discovery based on his announcement of a new nebula found on 15 May 1890 while searching for the asteroid Eucharis. But Barnard's observation referred to NGC 5931 instead. HyperLeda misidentifies IC 1122 as NGC 5931, but IC 1122 = LEDA 1326415. Corwin and Thomson concur that IC 1122 is not equal to NGC 5931.
******************************
15 30 00.9 +23 38 18; Ser
V = 13.8; Size 1.0'x0.35'; PA = 77°
24" (7/20/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 5:2 WSW-ENE, ~40"x18", brighter core. A mag 15.5 star is off the WSW end
[46" from center] and a 16th mag star is at the NE flank. Located 7' SSW of mag 7.6
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1124 = Sw. 8-88 on 28 May 1889 and reported "eeF; vS; vE; 2 pB st. in field n." His RA is 30 seconds too large but the description fits. Stephane Javelle found the galaxy again and recorded J. 1367 as "pB, elongated in p.a. 250°, 30" to 40" length, mag 12-13 stellar nucleus." with an accurate position. Dreyer realized that Javelle's object was the same as IC 1124 and noted this in the IC Notes/Corrections appendix, along with Javelle's accurate position.
Swift VIII,#88. 15hr 28m 21s +23° 49'.1
Confirmed galaxy: This is not an error in the context normally found and I enter it only for the historical significance.
Javelle made an observation some 14 years after Swift and noted the presence of a nebula, (he numbered as J.1367), which he measured from the 7.3Mv star DM+24°2874 resulting in coordinates of 15hr 27m 49s +23° 48'.2 which are at quite some variance with those given by Swift as to RA. However, when this object is examined on the Palomar print there can be no doubt that despite the very inaccurate Swift coordinates this is definitely Swift's object #88 as can be established by reference to his description in which he stated "eeF; vS; vE; 2 pB st. in field n," and the south following of these 2 stars is Javelle's DM+24°2874.
Dreyer obviously concluded that the Javelle observation was a duplicate as he not only equated the two observations (Notes and Corrections to the Index Catalogue 1888-1894. NGC/IC page 377.), but he also has no reference to any identity for J.1367 in his IC II, however, he did employ Swift's coordinates which are in considerable error, fortunately the modern catalogues do not reflect this, rather their coordinates are in keeping with those given by Javelle.
******************************
15 33 05.6 -01 37 42; Ser
V = 13.4; Size 1.6'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 147°
24" (8/1/19): at 322x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated 4:3 ~N-S, ~40"x30", broad weak concentration. The halo appears slightly irregular in shape and brightness. A mag 13 star is 1' NE.
24" (6/23/17): at 260x; fairly faint, oval 3:2 or 5:3
NNW-SSE, ~40"x25", weak concentration but no distinct core. A mag 13.3 star is 1.2' NE. Located 12' WNW of mag 8.3
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1125 = J. 2-789 on 10 Jun
1893. His position is on the
northwest side of
Harold Corwin suggests that
******************************
15 34 57.2 +23 30 10; Ser
V = 13.2; Size 1.5'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.7
48" (5/1/19): at 375x; bright, large, contains a large uneven bright core. The halo is irregular with a hint of structure and extends mostly north of the core.
24" (6/16/12): fairly faint to moderately bright,
fairly small, slightly elongated, uneven surface brightness and irregular
appearance, though the core was not resolved into two components. Forms a pair with
17.5" (4/7/89): fairly faint, almost round, even surface brightness. This is an interacting double system with an extremely faint "knot" or extension at the south end [elongated E-W on the POSS]. IC 4554 is a separate galaxy 2.2' SE of the double system observed.
Considered the prototype of a megamaser with 98% of its emission in the infrared. In addition there is a large starburst of young stars.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1127 = Sf. 7 on 4 May
1866. There is nothing at his
position but 1 minute of RA to the west is
******************************
IC 1128 = UGC 9939 = MCG +00-40-004 = CGCG 022-018 = PGC 55648
15 37 52.9 -01 44 07; Ser
V = 14.0; Size 1.1'x0.8'; PA = 179°
24" (7/14/20): at 260x and 375x; nearly fairly faint,
fairly small, elongated 3:2 N-S, 25"x18", broad weak concentration to
a slightly brighter round nucleus.
24" (8/1/19): at 322x; fairly faint, fairly small, oval 4:3 N-S, weak concentration, 30"x24". Brighter and larger of a pair with CGCG 022-017 (2.7' SW), which appeared faint, small, slightly elongated NNW-SSE, 18"x12", very small brighter nucleus. Located 13' WNW of mag 8.3 HD 139514.
This galaxy is identified as IC 1128 in CGCG, PGC and RC3 but the identification is uncertain and IC 1128 may be duplicate of IC 1125.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1128 = Sw. 8-89 on 28 May 1889 and recorded "pF; pS; R." There is nothing at his position. CGCG (and followed by PGC, RC3 and SIMBAD) identifies UGC 9939 as IC 1128. This galaxy is 11.5' due south of Swift's position but is the brightest galaxy nearby. Corwin questions this identification, though, as Swift should have noticed the companion (CGCG 022-017) 2.7' SW. Instead he suggests IC 1128 is a duplicate observation of IC 1125, nearly 5 minutes of RA to the west and 5' S.
******************************
15 32 00.8 +68 14 47; UMi
V = 13.1; Size 1.0'x0.85'; PA = 170°
24" (7/20/17): at 375x; moderately bright, fairly small, roundish, ~40" diameter. Contains a bright, round core. The halo increases in size with averted vision and changes in shape/orientation like low surface brightness spiral arms. A 25" pair of mag 11.7/12.6 stars lie 5' NE.
Edward Swift, son of Lewis Swift, discovered IC 1129 = Sw. 7-57 on 13 Jul 1887. Swift logged "vF; pS; iR; D * nr. nf." The double star is mentioned in my observation.
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15 37 44.0 +17 14 40; Ser
V = 14.8; Size 0.75'x0.5'; PA = 37°
24" (7/28/19): at 322x; faint, fairly small, low
surface brightness, elongated ~4:3 SSW-NNE in the direction of a mag 12 star 2'
NNE. Located 4.3' W of mag 8.8 HD
139495.
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1130 = Big. 195 on 29 May 1889. His position is accurate.
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15 38 51.7 +12 04 50; Ser
V = 13.9; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 153°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, small, round,
18" diameter, broad concentration.
A small trio of 14th magnitude stars is close west, with the galaxy
nearly forming a parallelogram.
Located 8' SE of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1131 = J. 1-351 on 29 Jun 1891 and recorded "pretty faint, round, 10" diameter, stellar." Dreyer added "II. 76 [NGC 5970] np." in the IC. Javelle's position is accurate.
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15 40 06.8 +20 40 50; Ser
V = 13.6; Size 1.1'x1.0'
24" (7/20/17): at 322x; fairly faint, moderately large,
at least 60" diameter, fairly low surface brightness, broad weak concentration,
slightly brighter core but no nucleus.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1132 = Sf. 9 on 9 May 1866. His position is 3' too far southwest.
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15 41 12.2 +15 34 22; Ser
V = 14.1; Size 1.2'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 130°
17.5" (6/4/94): faint, very elongated 3:1 NW-SE, low
even surface brightness. Located
2.1' E of a mag 10 star that detracts from viewing. Picked up 13.6' SSW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1133 = J. 1-352 on 1 Jul 1891. His micrometric position is accurate.
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15 44 58.5 +16 57 44; Ser
V = 14.2; Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 164°
24" (6/28/22): at 263x and 375x; faint, fairly small, slightly elongated N-S, 0.5'x0.4', diffuse appearance with very weak concentration. A dim star is 1.2' W and a mag 9.5 star is 5' NNW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1134 = J. 1-353 on 1 Jul 1891.
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15 48 32.6 +08 35 17; Ser
V = 14.1; Size 0.6'x0.6'
24" (7/21/17): at 282x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 20" diameter, nearly even surface brightness (moderately high) except for a very small brighter nucleus. A mag 12 star is 1' NW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1137 = Sw. 9-51 on 19 Apr 1890 and
reported "vF; S; R; 9m * close np." His RA is 8 seconds too small, but the identification is
certain as the brighter star is 1' NW.
Dreyer made a 30 second error in precessing Swift's RA, so the IC
position is 22 seconds of RA too large.
Harold Corwin noted this error in his IC corrections list. LEDA fails to label its
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15 29 26.1 +82 35 02; UMi
Size 0.65'x0.25'; PA = 53°
24" (6/22/17): faint to fairly faint, small, elongated
~3:2 SW-NE, 18"x12".
Brighter
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1139 = Sw. 7-58, along with IC
1143, on 18 Jun 1888 and recorded "eeeF; S; lE; eee diff.; np of 2 [with
IC 1143]." His position is 1'
too far NE, but clearly determines this galaxy. Nevertheless, MCG misidentifies
******************************
15 49 46.9 +12 23 58; Ser
V = 13.9; Size 0.5'x0.5'
24" (7/21/17): at 375x and 500x; fairly faint, fairly
small, roundish, 20" diameter, contains a sharp stellar nucleus. A mag 15.5 star is superimposed on the
west side and it was difficult to simultaneously view both the nucleus and the
star. A faint triple star
(components 14.7/15.3/15.9 with sides 11"/14"/16") lies 3'
NW. IC 1141 is located 10' SSE of
mag 6.7
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1141 = Sw. 7-60 on 12 Apr 1888 and reported "vF, vS, R.". His RA is 8 seconds too small, but matches in declination.
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15 50 25.9 +18 08 22; Ser
V = 14.0; Size 1.0'x0.75; PA = 160°
24" (6/22/17): at 200x; very faint, fairly small, round, 30" diameter, low even surface brightness. Located 24' due east of mag 4.1 Kappa (35) Ser.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1142 = J. 1-356 on 27 Jun
1892. There is nothing at his
position but Harold Corwin found that Javelle made a 1 minute error in his RA
offset from his comparison. Once
this is corrected, his position is a good match with
******************************
IC 1143 = UGC 9932 = MCG +14-07-022 = CGCG 366-018 = PGC 55279
15 30 56.0 +82 27 21; UMi
V = 13.2; Size 1.0'x1.0'
24" (6/22/17): moderately bright, small, round. Contains a high surface brightness core ~20" diameter that increases to the center, surrounded by a very low surface brightness halo perhaps 40" diameter. A mag 13 star is 50" SE of center. Brightest in a group with MCG +14-07-020 and -021 ~3' SW. IC 1139 lies 8' NNW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1143 = Sw. 7-59, along with IC 1139, on 18 Jun 1888 and recorded "pF; vS; R; * nr; sf of 2 [with IC 1139]." His position is fairly accurate.
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15 51 21.7 +43 25 04; Her
V = 13.7; Size 0.75'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 107°
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; moderately bright, fairly small, slightly elongated ~E-W, ~0.5'x0.4', contains a very small bright nucleus, overall high surface brightness. A mag 10.8 star is 6' SE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1144 = Sw. 9-52 on 7 Jun 1890. He reported "eeeF; vS; R; 9m * sf." His position is 1.7' too far north, but the identification is certains with a 10th mag. star 6' SE.
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15 44 08.5 +72 25 52; UMi
V = 14.2; Size 1.5'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 168°
24" (6/23/17): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small,
very elongated 3:1 or 7:2 NNW-SSE, ~0.8'x0.25', broad weak concentration but no
distinct core.
Edward Swift discovered IC 1145 = Sw. 7-61 on 13 Jul 1887
and recorded "eeF; pS; R; Not GC 4146 [NGC 6011]." The published RA is about 2 minutes too
large and the dec 1.5' too large (an error of ~10'), but there are no other
nearby candidates so the identification is fairly secure. Coincidentally, the position is about
17' due north of NGC 6011, though Swift claimed "Not NGC 6011", so he
apparently also viewed this galaxy.
MCG fails to label its
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15 48 22.1 +69 23 08; Dra
V = 13.8; Size 0.9'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 105°
18" (7/10/10): fairly faint, small, round, 25"
diameter very small bright nucleus.
MCG +12-15-020 = PGC 56091 is extremely faint and small, round, 6" diameter (core only viewed). Situated immediately NNE of a mag 11 star.
Arp 109 consists of the interacting pair
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1146 = Sw. 7-62, along with IC
1147] on 2 Aug 1888 and recorded "vF; pS; R; forms arc of circle with 2
st; sp of 2 [with
******************************
IC 1147 = MCG +12-15-027 = CGCG 338-027 = PGC 56159
15 50 11.7 +69 33 36; Dra
V = 14.6; Size 0.5'x0.4'
24" (7/20/17): at 225x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly
small, round, 25" diameter, weak even concentration, faint stellar
nucleus. Located 5.8' ESE of mag
9.3
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1147 = Sw. 7-63, along with IC 1146, on 2 Aug 1888 and reported "eeF; S; R; ee diff.; nf of 2 [with IC 1146]." His position is 1.5' too far NW, a similar offset error as IC 1146.
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15 57 08.1 +22 24 16; Ser
V = 12.7; Size 1.4'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 140°
See observing notes for
Truman Safford discovered IC 1148 = Sf. 10 on 9 May 1866 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory. The discovery list was not published until 1887 so Safford is not credited in the main NGC table. Édouard Stephan independently found the galaxy on 27 Jun 1876, measured an accurate position in his 7th discovery list, #2 (later NGC 6020), and was credited by Dreyer with the discovery. When Dreyer obtained Safford's list, he apparently missed the equivalence with NGC 6020 and catalogued this galaxy again as IC 1148. So, NGC 6020 = IC 1148.
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15 58 08.0 +12 04 13; Ser
V = 13.5; Size 1.2'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 162°
24" (7/18/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated NNW-SSE, ~30"x25", slightly brighter core, uneven surface brightness in halo. Located 31' SE of STF 1988, a 2" pair of evenly matched mag 7.6/7.8 stars. The pair was cleanly split at 375x.
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1149 on 24 Jun 1878. His uncorrected position was 3.5' to the SW, similar to his other offset errors before the position was reduced. Stephan never published the discovery, though.
Lewis Swift rediscovered IC 1149 on 16 Jun 1892 and reported
in his short discovery list 10A (#8) as "eeF, pS, R, in centre of rhombus
of 4 stars, v diff." IC 1149
is surrounded by several stars, although a trapezoid is a better description. This galaxy is Swift's final catalogued
discovery made in Rochester before moving to Lowe Observatory on Echo Mountain
in Southern California. His first
discovery there was in 1895.
Interestingly, that year he discovered a comet, while searching for
"the last nebula discovered at the Warner Observatory...just prior to the
dismantling of that institution, had never been catalogued or published, so on
the morning of August 21st, the nebula being near the meridian, it occurred to
me to look it up and secure, perhaps, a more accurate position...…I saw to my
astonishment a beautiful comet instead of the expected nebula." The comet's position that night was
close to
Swift reobserved IC 1149 again on 16 Sep 1896 from Echo Mountain and reported it in his 11th discovery list (#182) with a slightly different position (25 seconds of RA too small) and description ("in center of trapezium"), probably to make sure Dreyer didn't miss these discoveries. Howe measured an accurate position in 1900 and suggested Swift's two entries were identical. He described the surrounding stars as a rhomboid [trapezoid] and measured the separations and position angles. All 5 objects Swift recorded as "new" that night were reobservations of objects he found in 1892, when he only reported 8 new objects in a short list between his formal 10th and 11th lists.
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15 58 32.3 +17 26 29; Ser
V = 12.9; Size 2.5'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 30°
24" (6/22/17): at 200x and 375x; fairly faint to moderately bright, oval 5:2 SSW-NNE, ~1.4'x0.6', broad concentration. There is a strong suggestion of spiral structure in the halo with slightly brighter regions or arcs or spiral arms. A 4' pair of double stars (STF 1993/1994) is in the same low power field ~18' ESE; mag 8.6/8.9 at 20" and mag 10.0/12.5 at 17".
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1151 = J. 1-358 on 21 May 1870 using the 31-inch silvered glass reflector at Marseilles Observatory. His unpublished position was 30" W of center (2 seconds of time). For some reason, he didn't measure and publish an accurate micrometric position, so this galaxy didn't receive a NGC designation.
Stephane Javelle rediscovered this galaxy 21 years later on 10 Jul 1891 and included it in his first discovery list (#358, later IC 1151).
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15 56 43.3 +48 05 42; Her
V = 13.3; Size 1.1'x1.0'
24" (7/14/15): fairly bright, moderately large, round,
0.8' diameter, small bright core.
In a group (WBL 596) with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1152 = Sw. 7-65, along with IC 1153, on 4 Jul 1888 and recorded "vF; S; R; sp of 2."
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IC 1153 = UGC 10107 = MCG +08-29-026 = CGCG 250-026 = WBL 596-003 = PGC 56462
15 57 03.0 +48 10 06; Her
V = 12.9; Size 1.2'x1.1'
24" (7/14/15): moderately bright, moderately large,, round, 0.8' diameter, small brighter core. A mag 10.6 star lies 1.3' NE with CGCG 250-027 just north of the star. In a group (WBL 596) with IC 1152 5.5' SW.
CGCG 250-027 appeared faint or fairly faint, small, elongated 2:1 E-W. Contains a very small bright nucleus with faint extensions E-W (bar?).
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1153 = Sw. 7-66, along with IC 1152, on 4 Jul 1888 and recorded "pF; pS; R; bM, pB * nr nf, nf of 2."
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15 52 28.6 +70 22 31; UMi
V = 13.5; Size 1.8'x1.2'; PA = 142°
24" (7/20/17): at 375x; fairly faint or moderately
bright, round, ~30" diameter, well concentrated with a bright core, faint
stellar nucleus. Flanked by a mag
13 star 1.2' NW and a mag 14.5 star 1.3' S. Located 31' SW of
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1154 = Sw. 7-64 on 2 Jul 1888 and reported "vF; pS; R." His position is unusually accurate.
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16 00 35.8 +15 41 08; Ser
V = 14.3; Size 0.8'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.5
24" (8/12/18): at 260x; faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated, low nearly even surface brightness with a very weak
concentration. Located 3' ENE of a
mag 8 star (
24" (6/13/15): fairly faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated, 30"x25". A
mag 15.8 star was noted just off the east-southeast edge [34" from
center]. Located 3.1' ENE of mag
7.9
24" (6/28/14): faint to fairly faint, moderately large,
slightly elongated, 40" diameter, weak concentration, fairly low surface
brightness. A mag 15.8 star is
30" SE of center, just off the edge.
Situated 3.2' ENE of mag 7.9 HD 143551, which interferes a bit with
viewing. Member of
17.5" (7/21/90): faint, small, slightly elongated 4:3 NW-SE, even surface brightness. A mag 15.5 star is at the SE end. Located 3.1' ENE of a mag 8 SAO 101868. IC 1161 lies 12' ESE. Member of AGC 2147.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1155 = J. I-359, along with
ICs 1150, 1157, 1160, 1163 and 1165, on 1 Aug 1891. His position matches
******************************
16 00 37.4 +19 43 23; Her
V = 13.5; Size 1.0'x0.9'
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint to moderately bright, fairly small, round, 30"-35" diameter. Contains a fairly high surface brightness core and a thin halo. A very faint mag 15.5 star is superimposed on the south side and a mag 14 star is 1.3' SSW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1156 = Sw. 7-67 on 15 Jun 1888 and reported "eeF; pS; lE; triangled with 2 nr. st. n[orth]." His position is accurate, though I assume he is referring to the mag 11 star north and the mag 10 star due west.
******************************
16 00 56.3 +15 31 35; Ser
V = 14.9; Size 0.8'x0.35'; PA = 135°
24" (6/13/15): at 375x; faint, elongated 5:2 NW-SE,
25"x10", low even surface brightness. In AGC 2147 with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1157 = J. I-360, along with
ICs 1155, 1160, 1161, 1163 and 1165, on 1 Aug 1891. His position matches
******************************
16 01 34.1 +01 42 28; Ser
V = 12.6; Size 2.5'x1.7'; Surf Br = 14.0; PA = 137°
17.5" (6/11/88): very faint, large, diffuse oval NW-SE. Several stars are nearby north and south including a mag 12 star 3.1' NE.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1158 = Sw. 10-33 on 7 July 1890 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. While searching for Wolf's comet of 1884 he found a nebula described in his logbook as "vF, R, 1' dia, very gradually brighter middle, an 8m star 22' exactly following." His rough position (no offsets) and the description clearly applies to this galaxy. Barnard found it again less than a month later (4 Aug), looking for d'Arrest's Comet! Lewis Swift made an independent discovery on 17 July and reported the discovery in his 10th list. Barnard never published the discovery or informed Dreyer, so Swift is credited with the discovery in the IC.
******************************
IC 1160 = MCG +03-41-032 = CGCG 108-051 = WBL 600-002 = PGC 56683
16 01 02.5 +15 29 41; Ser
V = 14.9; Size 0.7'x0.4'; PA = 140°
24" (6/13/15): very faint, small, elongated 3:2 NW-SE, 18"x12". This member of AGC 2147 is situated 2.5' SE of slightly brighter IC 1157 and 6.8' WSW of brighter IC 1163.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1160 = J. 362, along with ICs 1155, 1157, 1161, 1163 and 1165, on 1 Aug 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
IC 1161 = MCG +03-41-036 = CGCG 108-054 = PGC 56695
16 01 16.8 +15 38 43; Ser
V = 14.2; Size 0.8'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.7
24" (6/13/15): fairly faint, small, slightly elongated, slightly brighter nucleus, ~22"x18". IC 1155 is 10' WNW, IC 1163 is 9' SSE, IC 1157 is 9' SW, IC 1160 is 10' SSW.
24" (6/28/14): fairly faint, small, round, 20", fairly high surface brightness, weak concentration.
17.5" (7/21/90): very faint, very small, slightly elongated, small bright core. Forms a pair with IC 1155 12' WNW in AGC 2147.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1161 = J. I-363, along with
ICs 1155, 1157, 1160, 1163 and 1165, on 1 Aug 1891. His position matches
******************************
16 01 16.3 +17 40 40; Her
V = 14.7; Size 0.7'x0.55'; PA = 161°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; faint, small, round, 18" diameter, low surface brightness, no noticeable core. Located 8' due south of 5.1-magnitude 5 Her. The view was significantly improved with the bright star placed outside the field.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1162 = J. 1-364 on 27 Jun 1892 and recorded "very faint, very small, round, difficult. Another suspected nearby." His position is accurate.
******************************
IC 1163 = MCG +03-41-039 = CGCG 108-060 = WBL 600-003 = PGC 56717
16 01 30.5 +15 30 14; Ser
V = 14.2; Size 0.7'x0.7'
24" (6/13/15): faint to fairly faint, small, round, 20" diameter. IC 1160 lies 7' WSW, IC 1157 is 8.4' WNW, IC 1161 is 9.2' NNW. Member of AGC 2147.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1163 = J. I-365, along with
ICs 1155, 1157, 1160, 1161 and 1165, on 1 Aug 1891. His position matches
******************************
16 02 08.2 +15 41 38; Her
V = 13.7; Size 0.5'x0.5'
24" (6/13/15): at 375x; the brighter northwest
component (
24" (6/28/14): at 375x and 500x, the main component (VV 90a) of this merged double system appeared fairly faint, small, round, 20" diameter, contains a stellar nucleus. The fainter companion (VV 90b) is attached at the south edge, and appears as a very faint, quasi-stellar knot [nucleus of the galaxy], ~5" diameter. Overall, the combined merged glow is ~30"x20", oriented NNW-SSE, containing two stellar nuclei. Member of AGC 2147.
17.5" (7/21/90): faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated N-S, weak concentration.
Three mag 13 stars almost collinear in a 3.5' string NW-SE located about
2' W. This is a merged double
system that was not resolved.
Forms a pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1165 = J. I-366, along
with ICs 1155, 1157, 1160, 1161
and 1163, on 1 Aug 1891. His
position matches
******************************
16 02 08.9 +26 19 38; CrB
Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 0°
24" (6/29/22): IC 1166 is a small, interacting pair over 950 million l.y. distant, with the centers separated by just 15" N-S. At 327x, a faint elongated glow was visible just 0.5' W of a mag 15 star. At 375x, the glow was irregular and the northern nucleus could be seen. The southern galaxy generally appeared as a very low surface brightness extension but occasionally it barely resolved into a separate glow. A mag 9.5 star is 4.5' ENE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1166 on 28 Jul 1892. This is a double system and according to Harold Corwin, his position falls between the two galaxies.
******************************
16 03 52.8 +14 56 47; Ser
V = 14.7; Size 0.5'x0.5'
18" (7/12/10): very faint, very small, round, 12"
diameter. First in a group of
galaxies including
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1167 = J. 1-368 on 8 Jul 1891.
******************************
IC 1168 = MCG +03-41-066 = CGCG 108-090N = PGC 56901
16 03 55.7 +14 54 09; Ser
V = 14.6; Size 0.6'x0.45'
18" (7/12/10): very faint, very small, round, 15"
galaxy. Located just south of a
trio of mag 12/13/14 stars and 3.7' NW of a mag 10 star. IC 1167 lies 2.7' NNW and the UGC
10164/10169 lies 10' SE. The
companion just off the southeast edge (
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1168 = J. 1-369 on 19 Jul 1891 and recorded "pF, vS, iF, 3 F st north. Possibly double." As Javelle suspected, this galaxy is double with a companion off the southeast edge.
******************************
16 04 13.4 +13 44 38; Ser
V = 13.3; Size 1.0'x0.6'; PA = 10°
24" (7/18/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly oval 4:3 N-S, 35"x25", sharply concentrated with a small intense nucleus and a fairly small diffuse halo.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1169 = Sw. 7-68 = Sw. 8-90 on 16 May 1888 and reported "eF; eS; R; stellar nearly bet. 2 distant F st." The two distant stars in his description may be 4.8' due N and 5.6' S. He probably found this galaxy again on 28 May 1889 and reported it as new in his 8th list with description "eF; vS; stellar; pB * n little f[ollowing]." His position was 3.6' too far NE, but the star 4.8' N matches.
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16 04 31.7 +17 43 17; Her
V = 16.5; Size 0.4'x0.2'; PA = 84°
24" (6/4/16): at 322x; very faint, small, elongated 3:1
E-W, 20"x6". Located
1.0' of the double system
17.5" (5/13/88): extremely faint and small, elongated
E-W, required averted vision.
Located just 1.0' W of the
17.5" (3/23/85): at visual threshold, extremely small. Just visible momentarily 0.9' W of NGC 6041.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1170 = J. 1-370 on 27 Jun 1892.
******************************
16 04 59.7 +17 52 13; Her
V = 14.3; Size 0.6'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.0
24" (8/1/19): at 322x; faint, small, round, 20"
diameter, very small brighter nucleus. A mag 13 star is 1.4' WSW.
17.5" (5/13/88): very faint, very small, round. A mag 14 star lies 1.4' WSW. Located 5.6' N of
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1172 = Big. 199 on 8 Jun
1888. Harold Corwin notes his
"position and description are exactly that of
******************************
16 05 12.6 +17 25 22; Her
V = 14.7; Size 1.0'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 55°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; faint, fairly small, oval 3:2
or 5:3 SW-NE, 25"x15", low surface brightness with no noticeable core
or nucleus. A mag 12 star is 2'
SSE.
17.5" (6/8/96): extremely faint, very small, round,
15" diameter, low even surface brightness. Forms western vertex of a triangle with two mag 11 and 12
stars 2.2' SSE and 3.1' NE.
Located 20' S of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1173 = J. 1-371 on 15 Aug 1892. His position is 0.7' too far south-southeast.
******************************
16 05 26.8 +15 01 31; Ser
V = 13.5; Size 1.0'x0.75'; PA = 50°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint to moderately
bright, fairly small, slightly elongated, 40"x32", broad
concentration. No distinct core
but a slightly brighter nucleus with direct vision. Picked up 18' NE
of the
18" (7/12/10): this surprisingly bright IC galaxy appeared fairly faint to moderately bright, fairly small, round, 30" diameter. Increases steadily to the center. Arp 101 (UGC 10164 + UGC 10169) lies 18' SW.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1174 = Sf. 77 on 26 Apr 1867 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory. He recorded "pF, S, bM, N = 12.5m." and his position is accurate.
******************************
16 05 31.3 +17 57 49; Her
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 56°
18" (7/13/07): faint, small, round, 25" diameter, broad and very weak concentration.
17.5" (5/13/88): faint, small, round, broad
concentration. Forms a pair with
Lewis Swift found IC 1176 = Sw. 7-69 on 8 Jun 1888 and
recorded "eeF; pS iR; 2 pB star near south." His position is a good match with NGC
6056, which Swift had discovered exactly two years earlier! The positions for Swift's two
observations are nearly identical and his description of VII-69 clearly applies
to
CGCG and MCG label this galaxy as IC 1176, though the NGC designation should apply by prior discovery.
******************************
16 05 19.8 +18 18 55; Her
V = 15.5; Size 0.5'x0.35'; PA = 164°
24" (7/1/22): at 327x; very faint, small, slightly elongated ~N-S, 0.3' diameter, low even surface brightness. Member of the Hercules Galaxy Cluster (AGC 2151) and situated on the north side of the cluster.
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1177 = Big. 201 on 8 Jun 1888 and reported "mag 13.5. Located near 3111 BD -18°, at 345°, d = 4'." This galaxy is located 3.4' in PA 339° from his offset star (based on the POSS1 image), so is a good match with his estimate, though I'm frankly amazed he apparently picked it up in a 12.4" refractor.
******************************
16 05 33.1 +17 36 05; Her
V = 14.1; Size 1.3'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.9
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
oval 5:4 or 4:3, ~40"x25".
Sharply concentrated with a small high surface brightness core and a low
surface brightness halo with averted vision. Forms an interacting pair (
17.5" (5/13/88): faint, small, round, bright core. Brighter of a close pair with IC 1181 20" SE. Located 12' S of IC 1182 in AGC 2151.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1178 = Sw. 7-70, along with IC
1181, on 3 Jun 1888 and noted "eeeF; pS; bet 2 st. 10th of 12." His position is 2' west of Arp 172 and
IC 1178 is generally assumed to be the northwest member of this close pair,
with IC 1181 the southeast member.
Although this galaxy lies between 2 stars, his comment can be made to
apply to most galaxies. Corwin
states that "Swift's position is not very good, and the fact that he does
not mention either object in his description of the other, casts some doubt on
the identification." Gerard
de Vaucouleurs called this galaxy
******************************
16 05 23.4 +17 45 32; Her
V = 14.7; Size 0.9'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 132°
48" (5/15/12): this number is generally taken as the
fainter, southwest component of the interacting and connected pair
Lewis Swift found IC 1179 = Sw. 7-71 on 3 Jun 1888 and
recorded "eeeF; pS; R. 11th
of 12." His position falls
very close to the merged double system NGC 6050, discovered by Swift on 27 Jun
1886, and catalogued in his 4th discovery paper (#26). PGC, SIMBAD and HyperLeda assign IC
1179 to the much fainter southwest component (
******************************
IC 1181 = Arp 172 NED2 = VV 194b = UGC 10189 = MCG +03-41-098 = CGCG 108-120s = PGC 57063
16 05 33.8 +17 35 37; Her
V = 14.8; Size 1.0'x0.7'; Surf Br = 14.0; PA = 58°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; faint, very small, round, 12" diameter [core of the galaxy only]. Fainter component of an interacting pair (Arp 172) with brighter IC 1178 30" NNW.
17.5" (5/13/88): extremely faint and small, possibly elongated. Forms a very close pair 20" SE of IC 1178 in AGC 2151.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1181 = Sw. 7-72, along with IC
1178, on 3 Jun 1888 and noted "eeeF; S; R. 12th of 12."
His position is a good match with
******************************
16 05 36.8 +17 48 08; Her
V = 14.2; Size 0.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 80°
48" (5/5/16): at 488x; moderately bright, fairly small, slightly elongated ~E-W, contains a bright core that increases to the center. A mag 14 star is 1.3' W and a mag 17.8 star was occasionally visible [34"] east.
The brightest knot or condensation (likely a tidal dwarf galaxy) in the tidal tail was faintly visible 1.2' due east of IC 1182. It was generally visible as a very faint, small glow, slightly elongated E-W, ~10"x7". NED identifies this galaxy as IC 1182:[S72] d from the 1972 paper by Alan Stockton titled "Blue Condensations Associated with Elliptical and S0 Galaxies". This "knot" formed the western vertex of an obtuse isosceles triangle with a mag 17 star 40" NE and a mag 15 star 40" SE. The portion of the tidal tail extending directly out of IC 1182 (past the mag 17.8 star) was not seen.
48" (5/15/12): fairly faint to moderately bright, small, irregularly round, ~20" diameter, brighter nucleus. Located 1.4' E of a mag 14.3 star. Similar NGC 6054 lies 2.0' S. The jet extending out of the east side of the galaxy and the blue knots 1.2' E were not noticed (though not looked for).
17.5" (5/13/88): very faint, very small, slightly
elongated. Situated between two
mag 14.5 stars 1.4' W of center and a mag 15 star following. Easier than
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1182 = J. 1-372 on 11 Aug
1892. According to Harold Corwin
in his
******************************
IC 1183 = NGC 6054 = MCG +03-41-103 = CGCG 108-128 = PGC 57086
16 05 38.1 +17 46 04; Her
V = 14.5; Size 0.8'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 70°
48" (5/15/12): fairly faint to moderately bright,
small, oval 4:3 WSW-ENE, 20"x15". Located 1.0' NE of a mag 12.6 star with a mag 16 star 1'
S. Brighter IC 1182 lies 2.1' NNW,
fainter
17.5" (5/13/88): very faint, very small, slightly elongated. Located 1.0' NE of a mag 12.5 star. An extremely faint galaxy (MCG +03-41-099) is 1.5' W with IC 1182 2.1' NNW. Member of AGC 2151.
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1183 = Big. 203 = J. 372a on 1 Jun
1888. Stephane Javelle picked it
up again on 11 Aug 1892, as well as IC 1182. But the original discovery was made by Lewis Swift on 27 Jun
1886, along with several other members of the Hercules Galaxy Cluster. His description for Sw. 4-27 (later NGC
6054) reads "eeeF; pS; lE; f * v nr sp; 9th of 10." His position is 13 seconds west of CGCG
108-128 = PGC 57073 (similar offset as NGC 6043, 6045, 6047, 6050) and his
comment "faint star very near south-preceding" applies (the star is
1' southwest). So, NGC 6054 = IC
1183. Due to Swift's poor position
MCG, PGC and RNGC misidentify
******************************
IC 1185 = MCG +03-41-110 = CGCG 108-134 = PGC 57096
16 05 44.7 +17 43 01; Her
V = 13.9; Size 0.8'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 8°
48" (4/5/13): bright, moderately large, oval 4:3 N-S, ~28"x21", small bright core. NGC 6054 lies 3.4' NNW. A mag 15 star is 1' SE.
17.5" (5/13/88): faint, small, round, small bright core. A mag 15 star lies 1.1' SE of center. Located 5.4' SSE of IC 1182 in the core of AGC 2151.
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1185 = Big. 205 on 8 Jun 1888 and noted "star 13.3 accompanied with nebulosity of 20" diameter." His position is accurate.
******************************
IC 1186 = MCG +03-41-111 = CGCG 108-133 = PGC 57095
16 05 44.2 +17 21 44; Her
V = 14.6; Size 0.8'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 5°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
oval 3:2 N-S, 30"x20". A
fairly prominent string of 4 stars oriented SW-NE is just following. IC 1173 lies 8.4' NW and
17.5" (6/8/96): very faint, very small, elongated 3:2 N-S, 30"x20", low even surface brightness. Located in the southern section of AGC 2151 just preceding a striking elongated group of 10 mag 9-13 star oriented SW-NE. IC 1173 lies 8.4' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1186 = J. 1-373 on 15 Aug
1892. His position is off the
southeast side (similar offset error as other galaxies). CGCG doesn't recognize
******************************
16 06 07.3 +17 27 39; Her
V = 14.9; Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 7°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; faint, small, round, 15" diameter, quasi-stellar nucleus. Located 12' SE of IC 1178 in the southern part of the core of AGC 2151.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1188 = J. 1-374 on 15 Aug
1892. His position is
accurate. This is a double system
and NED identifes the brighter northwest component as
******************************
16 06 14.8 +18 10 58; Her
V = 14.5; Size 0.7'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 179°
24" (8/1/19): at 324x; fairly faint, small, slightly
elongated N-S, 25"x20", very small brighter nucleus. A mag 10.5 star is 1.3' N with three
other galaxies (
24" (6/14/15): faint to fairly faint, small, elongated 3:2 N-S, ~21"x14", very small bright nucleus. Located 4' S of brighter NGC 6061 and between a mag 10.6 star 1.3' N and a mag 11 star 2' SSW.
18" (7/13/07): faint, very small, round, 15" diameter. Located 4' S of NGC 6061 and situated between a mag 10.5 star 1.2' N and a mag 11.5 star 2.1' SSW.
17.5" (6/14/96): extremely faint and small, round,
10" diameter. Can almost hold
steadily with averted vision.
Located 1.2' S of a mag 10 star in AGC 2151. Brighter NGC 6061 is 4' N and
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1189 = Sw. 7-73 on 7 Jun 1888 and recorded "eeeF; pS; iR; bet. 2 st." His RA is 5 seconds too small, but the comment "bet 2 st[ars]" clinches the identification.
******************************
16 05 52.4 +18 13 14; Her
V = 14.7; Size 1.3'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 120°
24" (8/1/19): at 324x; faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 NW-SE, 30"x15", weak concentration. In a group of 4 galaxies with CGCG 108-139 2.3' SE.
24" (6/14/15): at 375x; very faint to faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 NW-SE, 0.5'x0.2', low even surface brightness. Located 6' WSW of NGC 6061. A mag 10.5 is near the midpoint between the two galaxies.
18" (7/13/07): extremely faint, fairly small, very low even surface brightness, edge-on 7:2 WSW-ESE, 40"x12". Located 2.9' WSW of a mag 10.5 star. MCG +03-41-115 lies 2.5' SE.
17.5" (6/14/96): extremely faint, elongated 3:2 NW-SE, 30"x20", low even surface brightness. Located 3' W of a mag 10.5 star and 6' SW of NGC 6061 in the northeast portion of AGC 2151. Similar MCG +03-41-115 lies 2.4' SE.
17.5" (5/28/89): extremely faint, fairly small, very diffuse. Located 5.9' WSW of NGC 6061 within AGC 2151. MCG +3-41-115 = CGCG 108-139 2.4' SE not seen.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1190 = Sw. 7-74 on 7 Jun 1888 and
recorded "eeeF; S; R; another [
******************************
16 06 28.7 +18 16 04; Her
Size 0.5'x0.1'; PA = 164°
24" (6/14/15): very faint, small, 18" diameter, no structure (not seen as double). Located 3.3' NE of NGC 6061 in the north section of AGC 2151.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1191 = Sw. 7-75 on 7 Jun 1888 and recorded "eeeF; S; lE; another [IC 1190] and [NGC] 6061 nr in line." Although his position for IC 1190 is poor, his position for IC 1191 is just 7 seconds of RA too small. Harold Corwin gives the dimensions of the brighter component as 27"x7" in PASP, Vol 83 and notes "IC 1191 is also a double object similar to IC 1188 (separation = 11 arcseconds). The fainter companion lies at R.A. 16h 04m 14.8s, +18° 24' 6'' (1950)."
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16 06 33.1 +17 46 32; Her
V = 15.3; Size 0.8'x0.3'; PA = 114°
24" (7/9/13): faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1
WNW-ESE, 0.4'x0.2'. Forms the west
vertex of a small equilateral triangle with
17.5" (6/8/96): extremely faint and small, round, 15" diameter. Located 1.7' NW of brighter IC 1194 at the east end of AGC 2151.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1192 = J. 1-375, along with
******************************
16 06 32.2 +17 42 50; Her
V = 14.7; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 2°
24" (7/9/13): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 5:3
N-S, ~20"x12", weak concentration. Forms a close pair with
17.5" (6/8/96): extremely faint, very small. Appears double or companion very close? Furthest south in trio with IC 1194 3.3' NE and IC 1192 3.7' N at the east end of AGC 2151.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1193 = J. 1-376, along with IC 1192 and 1194, on 13 Aug 1892. His position is nearly 1' too far north -- an unusually large error as his position for IC 1192 is accurate.
******************************
IC 1194 = MCG +03-41-128 = CGCG 108-152 = PGC 57172
16 06 39.3 +17 45 40; Her
V = 14.3; Size 0.6'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 20°
24" (7/9/13): at 282x this AGC 2151 member appeared fairly faint to moderately bright, small, round, 20" diameter, gradually increases to the center. Brightest in a small trio with IC 1192 1.7' NW and IC 1194A = PGC 84742 1.3' N. Also nearby is IC 1193 3.3' SSW.
IC 1194A is located at Javelle's position for IC 1194, not the brighter galaxy 80" S (described above) that is generally assumed to be IC 1194. It's possible Javelle assumed the brighter galaxy was a star, though it was clearly nonstellar in my scope at 282x. IC 1194A appeared faint to fairly faint, very small, round, 12" diameter.
17.5" (6/8/96): very faint, very small, round. Brightest in a trio with IC 1192 1.7' NW and IC 1193 3.3' SW at the east end of AGC 2151.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1194 = J. 1-377, along with
IC 1192 and 1193, on 13 Aug 1892.
His position is a good match with the fainter lenticular 1.4' NE of IC
1192, which is commonly identified as IC 1194A = PGC 84742. His position is also 1' north of the
brighter elliptical (
Corwin comments that "Perhaps he mistook the brighter object as a star, though it should have been clearly nebulous in the Nice 28-inch." Malcolm Thomson and Corwin both identify IC 1194 = PGC 84742 based on the positional match, though the data here is for CGCG 108-152 as I'm not convinced.
******************************
16 06 40.9 +17 11 30; Her
V = 14.8; Size 0.6'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.1
17.5" (6/8/96): very faint, very small, elongated 3:2 ~N-S, 30"x20". Following a parallelogram of four mag 10-12 stars (closest is 2.0' SW) at the SE edge of AGC 2151.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1195 = J. 1-378 on 23 Jun 1892.
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16 07 58.3 +10 46 46; Ser
V = 14.0; Size 1.0'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 4°
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 5:3 N-S, ~40"x24", brighter core. The surface brightness is slightly patchy and the outer extensions [spiral arms] increase in length with averted. Situated 2.4' NW of mag 9.3 SAO 101948. A mag 13.7/15.5 pair of stars at ~20" separation is 1' SE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1196 = Sw. 7-76 on 7 Apr 1888 and reported "eeeF; nr. p[receding] * of 3 in a line." His position and description matches this galaxy, though Howe apparently missed the nearest and faintest of the 3 stars (MN, Nov. 1900).
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16 08 17.3 +07 32 19; Ser
V = 13.7; Size 3.0'x0.45'; PA = 56°
24" (6/16/12): faint to fairly faint, fairly large thin edge-on 6:1 SW-NE, 1.8'x0.3', broad concentration, very slightly bulging center and tapering tips.
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1197 on 14 Jul 1890 with the
Vienna 27-inch refractor. His
micrometric position in AN 2993 matches
******************************
16 08 36.4 +12 19 51; Ser
V = 14.3; Size 0.8'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 111°
24" (7/1/22): at 327x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated WNW-ESE, 30" diameter, very small bright nucleus. Located 12' ESE of mag 7.3
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1198 = J. 1-379 on 29 Jun 1891. He noted "faint, very small, round, 13th mag nucleus." and measured an accurate position.
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16 10 34.3 +10 02 25; Ser
V = 13.7; Size 1.2'x0.4'; PA = 158°
24" (6/14/15): fairly faint, very elongated 3:1
NNW-SSE, 0.9'x0.3', slightly brighter along the major axis. Located just 2' W of mag 7.5
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1199 = Sw. 9-55 on 28 Jun 1890. He recorded "eeF; S; E; p. DM +10°2969, 9s; ee diff. in consequence of proximity to the star. Found searching for D'Arrest Comet." E.E. Barnard also found it just a few nights later (4 Jul 1890), also while searching for the comet. He made a simple sketch showing the nearby stars and his computed position (using the bright star) is an exact match. In his logbook entry for 7 Jul, he noted "Swift in looking for d'Arrest's Comet reports finding a new nebula 9s p (on same parallel) the 9.5m star DM +10°2969 and says it is the faintest neb he has ever seen."
******************************
16 04 29.0 +69 40 05; UMi
V = 12.7; Size 1.4'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 150°
17.5" (3/28/87): fairly faint, small, slightly
elongated, brighter core. A mag 14
star is 1.1' SSE. Forms a pair
with
Lewis Swift found IC 1200 = Sw. 7-77 on 2 Aug 1888 and
recorded "pF pS; lE; *12 mag p close s; sp of 2 [with IC 1201]." His
position matches
******************************
IC 1201 = UGC 10221 = MCG +12-15-051 = CGCG 338-044 = PGC 57104
16 05 41.8 +69 35 37; UMi
V = 14.7; Size 1.2'x0.3'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 118°
17.5" (4/18/87): extremely faint, small, edge-on NW-SE, difficult with averted vision. Located 7.7' SE of NGC 6079 on the Ursa Minor-Draco border.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1201 = Sw. 7-78 on 2 Aug 1888 and logged "eeeF; pS; iR; eee diff.; double star nr points to it; nf of 2 [with IC 1200]." The double star is probably the pair 3' northwest. The second galaxy IC 1200 is NGC 6079, although it is north-preceding, so IC 1201 is the "sf of 2".
******************************
16 12 56.8 +09 52 02; Her
V = 13.1; Size 1.8'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 131°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1202 = Sw. 7-79 on 7 Apr 1888 and
recorded "eF; pS; R."
His position matches
******************************
16 07 15.5 +69 55 53; UMi
Size 0.9'x0.3'; PA = 64°
24" (6/14/15): faint to fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 5:2 or 3:1 SSW-NNE, 0.6'x0.2', brighter core but no nucleus. Forms a pair with brighter
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1204 = Big. 207 on 25 Mar 1889 and logged "mag 13.4-13.5; 20" diameter; stellar nucleus, a star mag 11 in pa 100° [ESE], distance = 3'." His Comptes Rendus position (used in the IC 1) is 19' too far south, but the position was corrected in the IC 2 Notes. The CGCG and MCG ignore the IC designation, which is not in doubt. See Corwin's notes for more.
******************************
16 14 15.9 +09 32 14; Her
V = 13.9; Size 0.5'x0.5'
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, round, 0.4'
diameter, slightly brighter core appears slightly elongated N-S [SDSS reveals a
central bar oriented N-S].
Situated 2.3' E of mag 8.5
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1205 = Sw. 7-80 on 8 Apr 1888. He reported "eF; S; lE; B * p[receding]." His position is just 1.7' too far southeast and the identication is certain based on the comment "B * p".
******************************
16 15 13.1 +11 17 51; Her
V = 14.2; Size 1.2'x0.75'; PA = 2°
24" (7/18/17): fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated N-S, 0.5'x0.4'. Contains a stellar nucleus surrounded by the core of the galaxy. An extremely low surface brightness outer halo was suspected. A mag 10.5 star is 4' NE. Located 12' SSE of mag 7.6 13 Herculi and 14' SW of mag 7.3 15 Herculi.
IC 1206 forms a close pair (similar redshifts) with CGCG 079-086 just 1.3' SSW of center. The companion was very faint, small, round, low surface brightness, 12"-15" diameter. A mag 16 star is close off its west edge [20" from center].
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1206 = Sw. 7-81 = Big. 208 on 3
Jun 1888 and reported "eF; S; R." His position is just off the northwest edge of
******************************
16 15 47.9 +36 31 38; CrB
V = 14.3; Size 1.1'x0.25'; PA = 95°
24" (6/12/15 and 7/18/15): fairly faint, elongated 3:1
E-W, 30"x10", very small bright nucleus. Located just 1.8' SSW of mag 7.0
Sherburne Burnham discovered IC 1208 on 21 May 1890 with the 36-inch refractor at Lick Observatory while examining mag 7.0 HD 146639. He measured micrometric offsets from the star (also on 25 May) and published the results in AN, 127 [3048], 426 (1891) as well as Publications of Lick Observatory, Vol II, 1894.
******************************
16 18 39.6 +15 33 30; Her
V = 13.5; Size 1.2'x0.8'; PA = 4°
24" (7/18/17): fairly faint to moderately bright, fairly small, slightly elongated N-S, 40"x30", well concentrated with a bright core and stellar nucleus. The outer halo is quite faint and doesn't have a distinct edge. A bright wide double (8.7/10.0 at 35") is 2.6' SW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1209 = J. 1-380 on 19 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
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16 14 30.2 +62 32 12; Dra
V = 13.7; Size 1.5'x0.4'; PA = 168°
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 5:3 NNW-SSE, ~40"x25". Occasionally there appeared to be an extremely faint star or
knot near the south end. Located
25' WNW of mag 7.3
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1210 = Sw. 9-58 on 7 Jun 1888 and
reported it as "vF; vS; lE; r."
******************************
16 16 52.0 +53 00 22; Dra
V = 12.8; Size 1.1'x1.0'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 42°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x moderately bright, fairly small, roundish. Sharply concentrated with a prominent core and a much fainter halo 30"-40" diameter. Located 17' SE of mag 6.9 Theta (13) Draconis.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1211 = Sw. 8-91 on 27 May 1889 and
recorded, "pB, vS, R, bM."
His position is a good match with
******************************
16 15 30.8 +64 13 29; Dra
Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; fairly faint, small, round,
30" diameter, sharp concentration with a very small bright nucleus. A mag
15.5 star is at the northwest edge of the halo. Located 6' SW of mag 8.6
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1212 = Sw. 9-60 on 22 Jun 1889 and reported "eeF; pS; R; 3 st in a line n., most distant D[double]." His position and description is a match with this galaxy.
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16 22 10.2 -01 30 54; Oph
V = 12.8; Size 1.0'x1.0'; Surf Br = 12.8
17.5" (7/24/95): fairly faint, small, round, 30" diameter. Moderate concentration with a very small bright core which stands out well surrounded by a small halo. Preceded by three mag 13 and 14 stars within 3'. Located 9' NW of a mag 10 star and 11' NE of a similar star. Incorrectly listed as nonexistent in RNGC. Identified as IC 1213 in UGC, MCG.
Lewis Swift found IC 1213 = Sw. 9-61 on 19 Apr 1890 and
reported "F; vS; R." His
RA is 9 seconds too small. This
galaxy was first catalogued as
******************************
16 16 11.7 +65 58 08; Dra
V = 14.0; Size 1.0'x0.4'; PA = 17°
24" (7/20/17): at 375x; fairly faint, small, slightly elongated N-S, 20"x15", stellar nucleus, fairly high surface brightness. Closeby are two stars; a mag 14 star is 0.6' W of center and a mag 15 star [western component of a faint pair] is 0.4' N.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1214 = Sw. 7-83 on 2 Jul 1888 and
reported "eF; S; R; F * close p.
2nd of 4 [with
******************************
IC 1215 = UGC 10315 = MCG +11-20-009a = CGCG 320-017 = CGCG 338-049 = Kaz 65 = PGC 57638
16 15 35.1 +68 23 52; Dra
V = 13.2; Size 1.1'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 10°
24" (6/14/15): first and brightest in a trio with IC
1216 and
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1215 = Sw. 7-82 on 2 Jul 1888 and recorded "vF; S; R." He later added "1st of 4.", though IC 1214 is not nearby. This error was corrected to "1st of 3 [with IC 1216 and 1218]" in a short errata table to his 8th list.
******************************
IC 1216 = UGC 10326 = MCG +11-20-010 = CGCG 320-021 = CGCG 338-050 = PGC 57664
16 15 55.4 +68 21 00; Dra
V = 14.1; Size 1.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.8
24" (6/14/15): second and faintest in a trio with IC 1215 3.4' NW and IC 1218 10' SSE. Faint to fairly faint, elongated 3:2, ~30"x20", low surface brightness with no significant core.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1216 = Sw. 7-84 on 2 Aug 1888 and recorded "eeeF; pS; R; eee diff; 3rd of 4." His position is accurate. In a short errate table to his 8th lists he made the correction "for: 3rd of 4 read: 2nd of 3 [with IC 1215 and 1218].."
******************************
IC 1218 = MCG +11-20-011 = CGCG 320-022 = Kaz 69 = PGC 57699
16 16 37.1 +68 12 10; Dra
V = 13.6; Size 1.0'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.3; PA = 58°
24" (6/14/15): fairly faint, elongated 3:1 SW-NE, 0.6'x0.2', brighter core. Third of three with IC 1216 10' NNW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1218 = Sw. 7-86 on 2 Jul 1888 and recorded "vF; pS; lE, 4th of 4." In a short errata table to his 8th list, he made the correction "3rd of 3 [with IC 1216 and 1218]".
******************************
16 24 27.4 +19 28 57; Her
V = 13.9; Size 1.0'x0.5'; PA = 122°
24" (8/12/18): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, fairly
small, elongated 3:2 NW-SE, 24"x15", occasional faint stellar
nucleus. A mag 14.7 star is 1' E.
Situated 2.7' SW of mag 8.7
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1219 = J. 1-381 on 22 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
16 29 38.3 +08 27 03; Her
V = 13.7; Size 0.9'x0.9'
24" (7/18/17): fairly faint, fairly small, round, small
bright core, ~24" diameter.
Located 12.5' ENE of mag 7.7
CGCG 052-028 appeared very faint, small, probably elongated 2:1 N-S, ~20"x10", very small core and sharp stellar nucleus. A 14th mag star is off the NW edge [23" from center]. LEDA 3091631 was just a very small, faint glow, 10" diameter. A mag 12.5 star is 1' E. UGC 10414 was faint, fairly small, round, 24" diameter, low even surface brightness. Between a mag 13 star 1.7' N and a mag 14 star 1.3' S. UGC 10416 was faint to fairly faint, fairly small, roundish, 0.5'x0.4'. Situated in the exact center of an isosceles triangle of 3 mag 11 stars 2.8' NNW, 2.9' SSW and 3.2' ESE. The latter galaxy was actually discovered by E.E. Barnard but never published or reported to Dreyer, so it didn't receive an IC designation.
24" (8/5/13): fairly faint, fairly small, round. Well concentrated with a 15" bright core that gradually increases to an occasional very faint stellar nucleus. The core is surrounded by a thin low surface brightness halo ~24" diameter. Situated 12.5' ENE of mag 7.7 HD 148591. CGCG 052-028 lies 5.5' SW.
Édouard Stephan probably discovered IC 1220 = Sw. 10-34 on 3 Apr 1870. His rough unpublished position is 5' to the ENE. Apparently he never measured or at least published a micrometric position.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1220 again on 18 May 1890 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. He simply noted "pF, S", but his offsets from mag 7.7 HD 148591 of +50 seconds in RA and ~+2.8' in Dec point directly to this galaxy. Barnard never published his discovery or informed Dreyer. Finally, Lewis Swift also discovered IC 1220 just 2 months later on 21 Jul 1890 and recorded "eeF; pS; E." His RA (10th discovery list, #34) was 15 seconds of time too small, though Dreyer's IC position was off by 25 seconds of time. Swift was credited with the discovery in the IC, though he was the third to find IC 1220. CGCG (052-030) and MCG (+01-42-005) don't label their catalogue entries as IC 1220, probably due to the poor IC position.
******************************
16 34 41.6 +46 23 31; Her
V = 13.8; Size 1.2'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.8
18" (7/12/10): fairly faint, moderately large, slightly
elongated, ~40"x35", very weak concentration. A nice string of stars is SE with the
closest mag 13 star 4' SE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1221 = Sw. 10-35, along with IC 1222, on 10 Jul 1890 and logged "eeF; pS; E; p of 2 [with IC 1222]."
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IC 1222 = Arp 73 = UGC 10461 = MCG +08-30-032 = CGCG 251-031 = PGC 58544
16 35 09.2 +46 12 50; Her
V = 13.4; Size 1.7'x1.3'; Surf Br = 14.2; PA = 50°
18" (7/12/10): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 SW-NE, brighter along the major axis [DSS shows this to be the "bar" of a two-armed barred spiral. A group of 4 stars is west-southwest. Forms a pair with IC 1221 11' NNW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1222 = Sw. 10-36, along with IC 1221, on 10 Jul 1890 and logged "eeF; pL; R; f of 2 [with IC 1221]."
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16 35 42.5 +49 13 14; Her
V = 14.3; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 19°
24" (7/20/17): at 282x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated SSW-NNE, 0.5'x0.4', slightly brighter core. Situated between a mag 12 star 2.9' WNW and a mag 13.5 star 2.0' ESE. Located 6' N of a brighter mag 10.5 star.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1223 = Sw. 10-37 on 11 Jul 1890 and reported "eeeF; pS; R; bet. 2 distant F st; B * with very distant com[panion] s[outh]." His position is 4' too far northwest, but his description is a perfect match.
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16 42 56.3 +19 15 16; Her
V = 14.0; Size 0.8'x0.6'; PA = 90°
14.5" (8/20/22): at 226x; faint to fairly faint (visible continuously), slightly elongated, 0.4' diameter, very small brighter core, occasional stellar nucleus. A mag 12.2 star is 1' S and a mag 13.5 star is 2.3' S.
24" (6/30/22): at 327x; fairly faint, slightly elongated 5:4 or 4:3 E-W, at most 30" diameter, well concentrated. A mag 12 star is 1' S.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1224 = J. 1-382 on 19 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
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16 36 52.5 +67 37 46; Dra
V = 14.5; Size 1.3'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 72°
24" (7/20/17): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, edge-on 3:1 or 7:2 WSW-ENE, 0.6'x0.2', very small slightly brighter nucleus. A mag 15 star is at the WSW tip and another 15th mag star is 30" N of center.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1225 = Sw. 9-62 on 24 Jul 1889 and reported "eeeF; vS; 2 or 3 vF st. inv.; * nr p[receding]." His position is off the east edge of the galaxy and the description is appropriate.
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16 41 06.6 +46 00 15; Her
V = 14.4; Size 0.6'x0.5'; PA = 53°
24" (7/20/17): at 282x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 20"-24" diameter, broad weak concentration though no well defined nucleus. A very distinctive curving string of 4 equally spaced stars extends to the southwest, with the galaxy perfectly fitting the curve.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1226 = Sw. 10-38 on 11 Jul 1890 and reported "eF; S; R; forms arc of circle with 4 stars." The 4 stars are the ones noted in my description. The IC references Swift's 9th paper instead of his 10th.
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16 40 08.1 +58 37 02; Dra
V = 13.6; Size 0.7'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.7
See observing notes for
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1227 = Big. 210 on 13 Aug 1888 while searching for NGC 6206 at Swift's poor position. Bigourdan later realized the object he recorded was equivalent to NGC 6206 (corrected in Comptes Rendus, 1 Jul 1901). Dreyer repeated NGC 6206 = IC 1227 in the IC 2 Notes. See Corwin's notes on IC 1227 for the full story.
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16 42 06.5 +65 35 08; Dra
V = 13.4; Size 1.6'x1.5'; Surf Br = 14.1; PA = 122°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint or moderately bright, very elongated 3:1 NW-SE, ~45"x15". This description applies to the bright central bar of this spiral. Sometimes I could glimpse the root of the spiral arms as curved ends of the bar, particularly at the northwest end. A mag 12.7 star is 1.1' NNW of center.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1228 = Sw. 10-39 on 13 Sep 1890
and recorded ""vF; pS * nr n[orth]; 4 st. in curve
s[outh]." His position and
description matches
******************************
16 44 58.8 +51 18 29; Dra
V = 15.0; Size 0.45'x0.4'
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, fairly
small, slightly elongated, 20"-25" diameter, weak concentration.
24" (7/15/15): fairly faint, fairly small, round, 0.4'
diameter, weak concentration.
Forms a pair with brighter IC 1230 2.9' SSE. Located 6' due south of mag 8.8
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1229 = Sw. 10-40, along with IC 1230, on 18 Sep 1890 and recorded "eeeF; pS; another nr south; D * in field n; others susp; np of 2; ee diff." This galaxy is misidentified as IC 1225 in the UGC notes for IC 1230 = UGC 1038.
******************************
IC 1230 = UGC 10538 = MCG +09-27-073 = CGCG 276-041 = PGC 58903
16 45 01.6 +51 15 37; Her
V = 14.6; Size 0.9'x0.9'
24" (7/10/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 40" diameter, fairly low even surface brightness. A very faint mag 15.9 star is 0.8' S of center. Brighter and larger of a pair with IC 1229 2.9' NNW.
24" (7/15/15): moderately bright and large, 0.8' diameter, sharply concentrated with a small bright nucleus, slightly elongated halo. Brighter of a pair with IC 1229 2.9' NNW.
IC 1230 is a multiple system with 3 faint companions (V = 16-16.5); a close pair at the north edge of the halo and a second fainter nucleus (possible merged companion) less than 10" S of center.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1230 = Sw. 10-41, along with IC 1229, on 18 Sep 1890 and recorded "eeeF; S; R; D * in field n; sf of 2; eee dif."
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16 46 59.0 +58 25 23; Dra
V = 12.9; Size 2.2'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 154°
24" (7/19/17): at 375x; moderately bright and large,
elongated 2:1 NNW-SSE, ~1.2'x0.6', broad weak concentration, mottled or uneven
surface brightness. A mag 9.6 star
(
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1231 = Sw. 9-68 and reported "eeeF; L; R; evenly B; pB * sp."
******************************
16 49 48.5 +46 43 05; Her
Size 0.5'x0.4'
24" (6/29/16): at 375x; the brightest member of
18" (7/12/10): brightest in the Arp 312 trio and northwest component of an attached pair with MCG +08-31-006. At 285x appeared faint, very small, round, 15" diameter. MCG +08-31-006 is at the SE edge [23" between centers] and very faint, round, 10" diameter. MCG +08-31-004 (faintest member) lies 46" SW, so the entire triplet is squeezed into a 1' circle! Located 4.6' NNW of mag 6.8 HD 152238.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1232 = Sw. 9-69 on 11 Jul 1890 and
reported "eeeF; S; iR; B * with distant companion nr. sf. Driving clock failed." His RA is given only to the nearest
minute and marked as uncertain (?), but there's nothing near his position
(about 6' N of 5th magnitude 52 Herculi) that matches in declination. Harold Corwin suggests
Courtney Seligman suggests "what Swift saw was probably an internal reflection of the light from the bright star." In 2016 Yann Pothier suggested to Harold Corwin that Arp 312 = PGC 59071/2 is Swift's IC 1232. The RA is essentially matches, though the declination is off by +38'. But there is a bright star near SE with a wide companion, matching Swift's description. This is probably the best candidate, though not certain due to the error in declination. Steinicke classifies the number as nonexistent.
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16 48 20.2 +62 58 35; Dra
V = 13.5; Size 1.1'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 58°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1233 = Sw. 9-70 on 24 Jul 1889 and reported "eF; vS; vE; bet. 2 stars." There is nothing at his position, but 10' south is NGC 6247, discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest on 24 Sep 1862 with the 11-inch refractor at Copenhagen. Dreyer questioned if IC 1233 = NGC 6247 in the IC description.
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16 52 03.6 +63 06 57; Dra
V = 14.9; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 12°
24" (8/12/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 3:2 N-S, ~30"x20", very small slightly brighter
nucleus. Situated 3' SW of mag 8.7
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1235 = Big. 212 on 5 Sep 1888 and reported "diffuse, 40" to 50" diameter. A BD star (difficult to read) at position 53°, distance = 3.5'." His position and description matches this galaxy.
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16 58 29.6 +20 02 29; Her
V = 13.6; Size 1.1'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 51°
24" (7/15/15): fairly faint, fairly small, round,
40" diameter, irregular surface brightness, slight hint of structure [face-on
spiral]. A mag 14 star is 1.4'
WNW. Located 6.4' SSE of mag 7.7
Truman Safford discovered IC 1236 = Sf. 44 = Sw. 10-42 on 1 Aug 1866 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory and noted "pF, suddenly brighter in the middle." His discovery list was not published, though, until 1887. E.E. Barnard independently ran across it while sweeping with the 12-inch refractor at Lick on 30 Jul 30 1888, though he recognized it was Sf 44. Lewis Swift also found it on 17 Sep 1890 and logged "eF; pS; lE; B * nr N; vF * close p."
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16 56 16.1 +55 01 35; Dra
V = 13.8; Size 1.9'x1.0'; Surf Br = 14.2; PA = 21°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint to moderately
bright, elongated 5:2 SSW-NNE, 40"x15", broad concentration. Sometimes a low surface halo increases
the dimensions to at least 50"x25". A mag 11.8 star lies 1.6' NW. Located 10' SE of mag 8.7
Forms a pair with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1237 = Sw. 9-71 on 23 Jun 1890 and recorded "eF, pL, lE, * nr p[receding]." His position is 1.5' too far north, but the identification is certain.
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17 00 30.2 +23 04 35; Her
V = 14.7/15.7; Size 7"
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; IC 1238 is a faint double star
of mag 14.7/15.7 at 7" separation.
Located midway between
UGC 10650 appeared very faint, moderately large, extremely thin edge-on SSW-NNE, ~45"x5", low surface brightness, slightly brighter core. A mag 15.2 star is at the SSW tip.
Albert Marth discovered IC 1238 = m 327 on 10 Jun 1864 and simply noted as "eF". Dreyer didn't include this object in the NGC due to a confusion with other nearby galaxies. But his position corresponds with a faint double star. Harold Corwin has the full story under NGC 6276.
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17 00 45.0 +23 02 39; Her
V = 14.6; Size 0.6'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.2
See observing notes for NGC 6276.
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1239 = Big. 213 on 19 Jun 1887. Dreyer questioned if Bigourdan's object was equivalent to NGC 6276, discovered earlier by Marth as again by Stephan. See NGC 6276 or Corwin notes for the story on that number.
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17 01 28.2 +63 41 28 ; Dra
V = 13.6; Size 1.2'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 165°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint or moderately bright, irregularly round, ~0.6' diameter. Appears lumpy with direct vision but I didn't see a distinct nucleus.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1241 = Sw. 7-87 on 19 July 1887
and recorded "eF; pS; R."
His position is at the north edge of
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17 08 42.9 +04 03 00; Oph
V = 13.7; Size 0.9'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 130°
17.5" (7/19/90): very faint, very small, slightly
elongated NW-SE, weak concentration.
Forms a pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1242 = J. 1-383 on 7 Aug 1891.
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17 10 24.5 +10 46 06; Oph
Size 50"
14.5" (8/31/21): at 264x; I immediately noticed a thin elongated N-S glow less than 1' long with 3 or 4 stars resolved. The two brightest (mag ~14.5) form a 10" pair and a 15th mag star was confirmed at the S end. In addition, a mag 15.4 star was glimpsed close W, but off the chain. A mag 12.2 star is 2.5' W.
24" (7/18/17): at 375x; IC 1243 is a fairly striking
N-S chain of 5 stars (all resolved) as well as a 6th star close W. The N-S chain extends 48" and all
4 stars are mag 14-15. Located 32'
WNW of mag 5.3
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1243 = Sw. 9-72 on 15 May 1890 and reported "pF; pS; vE; r." There is nothing at his position but Howe examined the field on two nights in 1898 and found "five 12-14 mag. stars in a line, at an angle of 0 degrees [N-S], the length of the line being 45". A star of mag. 14 immediately precedes the northern end of the row." This asterism is 3' SW of Swift's position. Based on my observation, I'm surprised Swift didn't at least partially resolve this chain.
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17 10 33.7 +36 18 12; Her
V = 13.4; Size 1.0'x1.0'
24" (7/18/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, small bright core, 30" diameter. A mag 15 star is near the south edge [24" from center]
and an 11th mag star is 2' WNW.
Located 38' NE of mag 5.4
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1244 = Sw. 8-92 = Sw. 9-73 on 5 Jun 1878. His uncorrected position was 2' too far east, but he never published a corrected position so this galaxy doesn't have a NGC designation.
Lewis Swift rediscovered IC 1244 on 13 May 1889 and reported in his 8th discovery list (#92): "vF; pS iR; bet. a F and a pB *; 3 st in line nr." His position was 12 seconds of RA too small. He found the galaxy again on 15 Sep 1889 and reported it as new in his 9th list (#73) with description "pF; pS; R; bet. 2 st." This time his position was 6' too far south, but correct in RA. UGC fails to identify its UGC 10739 as IC 1244. Swift was credited with the discovery in the IC.
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17 12 36.6 +38 01 14; Her
V = 13.7; Size 1.7'x0.9'; PA = 126°
24" (7/18/17): at 375x; fairly faint to moderately
bright, elongated 4:3 NW-SE, ~40"x30", broad mild concentration. A mag 10.3 star (
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1245 = Sw. 9-75 on 15 Sep 1889 and reported "eF; S; R; BM; F * close s; 3 or 4 others nr. n." His position is 1.5' too far NW, within his usual positional errors.
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17 11 40.2 +59 59 44; Dra
V = 14.2; Size 1.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 17°
24" (7/20/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, irregularly round, ~35"x30", broad weak concentration but no distinct core or zones. Overall fairly low surface brightness.
I picked up a close double 10' WNW, which is listed in WDS as TDT 244 = 11.9/12.4 at 2.4". It was just resolved cleanly at 375x.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1248 = Sw. 7-88 on 19 Jul 1887 and
reported "eeF; pS; R; betw 2 st p & f." There's nothing at his position but 7.7' NNE is this galaxy
and the two stars in the description match the sky. PGC has a separate entry,
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17 14 55.1 +35 31 12; Her
V = 14.6; Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (7/18/17): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, round, 20"-24" diameter, fairly low and nearly even surface brightness. A mag 15.5 star is close north [34" from the center]. A distinctive 6' string consisting of a mag 10 star and 3 mag 11 stars extends south [nearest star in string is 4' S].
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1249 = Sw. 9-76 and reported "eeeF; pS; R; eee diff.; 4 pB st. nr. in line s." A mag 15.5 star is close N [].
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17 14 29.2 +57 25 00; Dra
V = 15.1; Size 0.6'x0.3'; PA = 70°
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; faint, extremely small, round,
8"-10" diameter. I could
easily hold this faint galaxy continuously with averted (V = 15.1) as the
surface brightness is moderately high.
Located 7.3' W of
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1250 = Sw. 9-77 on 23 Jun 1890 and
reported "pF; S; cE."
His position is within 30" of
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17 10 13.4 +72 24 37; Dra
V = 13.5; Size 1.4'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 70°
17.5" (7/16/93): faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated 4:3 ~E-W, fairly low almost even surface brightness. Located in a string of stars that ends
at the double star adjacent to
17.5" (7/9/88): very faint, small, elongated WSW-ENE, weak concentration. Located 6' NNW of NGC 6340 in a group.
Edward Swift, Lewis' 19 year-old son, discovered IC 1251 = Sw. 10-43 on 18 Sep 1890 and recorded "eeeF; pS; R; 6340 nr; sp of 2 [with IC 1254]; ee dif." The Swifts' RA is 6 sec too large and the orientation should by north-preceding and south-following.
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17 15 50.4 +57 22 01; Dra
V = 14.5; Size 1.0'x0.2'; PA = 142°
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; faint, fairly small, very elongated 4:1 NW-SE, ~0.6'x0.15'. Situated 24" W of a mag 13 star and 4.6' SE of NGC 6338 in a compact galaxy group. A mag 14.5-15 star is off the NW tip.
18" (7/12/07): extremely faint, small, very low surface
brightness, ~0.3' diameter.
Attached to the west side of a mag 12 star (just 24" separation
between the star and the center of IC 1252) that detracts from viewing. Located 4.5' SE of
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1252 = Big. 217 on 5 Sep
1888 and logged "mag 13.4-13.5; 40" diameter; situated very close to
a mag 12.5 star." Harold
Corwin notes that
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17 19 54.7 +16 39 39; Her
V = 13.7; Size 1.2'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 100°
See observing notes for
Truman Safford discovered IC 1253 = Sf. 29 on 6 Jun 1866. His position is accurate. Édouard Stephan independently rediscovered the galaxy on 6 Jul 1880. Stephan's X-55 became NGC 6347 as Safford's discovery was not published until 1887, too late to be incorporated into the main NGC table. Harold Corwin notes that Dreyer made an error of 2° in declination when he precessed Safford's (correct) position but NGC 6347 = IC 1253.
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IC 1254 = UGC 10769 = MCG +12-16-024 = PGC 59783
17 11 33.7 +72 24 07; Dra
V = 13.8; Size 1.6'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 32°
17.5" (7/16/93): faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 SW-NE, even surface brightness. Slightly fainter than IC 1251 6' W. Located 7' NE of NGC 6340.
17.5" (7/9/88): extremely faint, very small, slightly elongated, two mag 15 stars are 30" E and 1' SSE. Located 7' NE of NGC 6340 in a group. Probably only viewed the core.
Edward Swift, Lewis' 19 year-old son, discovered IC 1254 =
Sw. 10-44 on 18 Sep 1890 and recorded "eeeF; pS; R; nf of 2 [with IC
1251]; ee diff." The Swifts'
position is 16 sec of RA east and 2' north of
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17 23 05.4 +12 41 44; Oph
Size 1.0'x0.5'; PA = 11°
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 4:3 SSW-NNE, 32"x24", contains a very small bright core that seems offset to the south side. A mag 15.1 star is just off the northeast edge. The galaxy forms the northeast vertex of a quadrilateral with a mag 12 star 2.4' W, a mag 11.5 star 2.3' SSE and a mag 10.5 star 3.5' SW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1255 = Sw. 10-45 on 5 Jun 1891 and reported "vF; pS; R; Trapezium with 3 stars." His position is 2' too far south but the identification is certain based on his description of the 3 nearby stars.
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17 23 47.3 +26 29 11; Her
V = 13.2; Size 1.6'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 95°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, moderately large; slightly elongated E-W, ~40"x30", slightly brighter core. Irregular halo with averted suggesting a spiral. Located 2' NE of a mag 10.3 star. Two mag 14.0/14.8 stars are just off the southeast side [50" and 1.1' SE of center].
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1256 = J. 1-384 on 29 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
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17 27 08.5 -07 05 35; Oph
V = 13.1; Size 1'; Surf Br = 2.3
24" (7/11/18): at 200x and 226x; fairly faint, small, round, low surface brightness, very small slightly brighter core, 0.6' diameter. Better at 282x; easily visible steadily though no additional structure. Less contrast at 375x.
18" (7/26/06): picked up at 225x, but viewed at 325x as a very faint, low surface brightness disc of 30" diameter with only a very weak central brightening. This challenging globular was visible steadily, even with direct vision but there was no hints of details. A couple of mag 16-16.5 threshold stars are close south and west.
18" (7/18/04): at 250x, appeared very faint, very small, round, ~0.5' diameter. With direct vision, this globular is weakly concentrated to a faint quasi-stellar or stellar core. Visible continuously without much effort, though very unimpressive as a globular.
17.5" (6/30/00): at 280x this small low surface brightness globular appeared very faint, round, ~30" diameter but visible with direct vision. Appears to have an extremely faint knot at the south edge and a slight central brightening.
17.5" (7/27/95): very faint, round patch, ~1' diameter. Appears similar to a 15th magnitude galaxy with no hints of resolution or central concentration. Can hold steadily with averted vision. Located 5.8' W of a mag 11.5 star. Discovered to be a globular in 1996.
13.1" (7/6/83): not found.
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1257 on 7 July 1890 while searching for Barnard's Comet C/1888 RI using the 27" refractor at Wien University Observatory in Austria. His micrometric position is accurate. Barnard independently discovered it the next night while searching for his comet with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. In fact, Barnard initially mistook it for the comet!
Harlow Shapley listed IC 1257 as an open cluster (1930) and Sven Cederblad as a nebula (1946). Brian Skiff reported in September 1996: "Barry Madore to take a handful of short exposures of it at the Palomar 200", and has run through a first-cut data reduction. The color-magnitude diagram shows that it is unquestionably a globular cluster, which is moderately heavily reddened: it has the telltale marks of a metal-poor halo cluster, which are (a) a blue horizontal-branch population and (b) a steep red-giant branch." See Harris et al. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997AJ....113..688H for the discovery announcement.
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17 27 17.4 +58 29 08; Dra
V = 13.5; Size 0.9'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 65°
24" (7/22/14): at 375x appeared faint to fairly faint, elongated 4:3 WSW-ENE, ~0.4'x0.3'. A mag 15.3 star is off the north side [27" from center] and another mag 15 star is off the southwest side [44" from center]. At 500x, a mag 15.5+ star is at the east edge, just 10" from center!
24" (8/15/12): at 375x appeared fairly faint, fairly
small, slightly elongated WSW-ENE, very small bright nucleus increases to
center. The view with confusing
with several very close stars. The
brightest is a mag 14.9 star 45" SW.
A mag 15.2 star is 30" NNE.
A mag 15.7 star is attached at the east edge of the core, just 10"
from center and fainter than the nucleus of the galaxy. Very interesting group with the double
system
18" (6/7/08): at 260x appeared faint, small, irregularly round, 25" diameter, very small brighter core, gradually increases to the center. Surrounded by two or three very faint stars. With averted vision the shape is irregular and knotty. Forms a pair with IC 1259 (double system) 2.2' NE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1258 = Sw. 7-89, along with IC 1259, on 19 Jul 1887 and logged "pB; pS; R; sp of 2 [with IC 1259]." His position is 1' too far northwest.
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IC 1259 = VV 101 = Arp 310 = Arp 311 NED2 = Arp 311 NED3 =
17 27 25.8 +58 31 00; Dra
V = 13.1; Size 1.1'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.2
24" (7/22/14): at 375x, the merged contact pair IC 1259
(15" between centers) was a striking sight.
24" (8/15/12): fascinating tight double system and
superimposed star at 375x. The
main component appeared fairly faint, small, round, 20" diameter. VV 101b is attached at the west edge of
the halo, 15" between centers.
It appeared very faint, extremely small, 10" diameter. A mag 15 star is attached at the SE
edge, just 10" from center! A
mag 12 star lies 0.8' NE. IC 1258
lies 2.2' SW, IC 1260 is 2.5' SSE and PGC 2579433 is 2.5' SE. The group is located ~13' SE of mag 6.5
18" (6/7/08): at 260x this double system (
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1259 = Sw. 7-90, along with IC 1258, on 19 Jul 1887 and logged "pB; pS; R; nf of 2 [with IC 1258]." Swift didn't resolve this double system.
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IC 1260 = Arp 311 NED4 = MCG +10-25-040 = CGCG 300-032 = PGC 60324
17 27 31.7 +58 28 33; Dra
V = 14.9; Size 0.35'x0.3'
24" (7/22/14): faint to fairly faint, very small, round, 12" diameter. Located 2' ESE of IC 1258 and 2.6' SSE of IC 1259 = Arp 310 (close double system!). The entire group forms Arp 311.
24" (8/15/12): faint, very small, round, 12"-15" diameter. Faintest of trio of IC galaxies with IC 1258 and IC 1259 (forming Arp 311) and situated just 1.9' ESE of IC 1258.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1260 = Sw. 9-80 on 15 May 1890 and logged "eeeF; S; R; forms equilateral triangle with two others; 3rd of 3." Three years earlier he found IC 1258 and IC 1259, so he apparently revisited the group and detected this galaxy.
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17 23 23.3 +71 15 49; Dra
V = 14.0
24" (6/28/16): IC 1261 is a close pair of small
ellipticals separated by 27" E-W.
At 375x the brighter eastern component appeared fairly faint, very
small, round, 15" diameter.
The halo is just resolved from the western component, which appeared
faint, very small, round. A mag 15
star is 0.7' S.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1261 = Sw. 8-93 on 8 Sep 1888 and recorded "eeF; pS; R; in a dark vacancy." His position is unusually accurate for observations near the end of his observing career, but the description could apply to either galaxy (or both).
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17 33 02.0 +43 45 35; Her
V = 13.7; Size 1.2'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 83°
24" (7/2/16): at 375x; moderately bright, elongated 4:3
or 3:2 E-W, 1.0'x0.7', slightly brighter core. Brightest in the IC 1262 group (redshift-based distance ~450
million l.y.) with closest companion
24" (6/30/16): at 322x; moderately bright and large,
oval 3:2 E-W, ~1.1'x0.75', large brighter core. Brightest in a group with IC 1263 3.8' NNE,
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1262 = Sw. 9-82, along with IC 1263 and 1264, on 19 Jun 1890. He recorded "eF; pS; R; 1st of 3." His position is less than 1' too far north.
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IC 1263 = UGC 10902 = MCG +07-36-021 = CGCG 226-026 = WBL 643-002 = PGC 60481
17 33 07.2 +43 49 19; Her
V = 13.7; Size 1.7'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 178°
24" (7/2/16): at 375x; fairly faint to moderately bright, moderately large, elongated 2:1 N-S, 0.9'x0.4'. A thin spiral arm is just visible extending due north on the east side of the halo!
IC 1262 (brightest in the group) is 3.8' SSW and CGCG 226-028 is 6' NNE. The latter galaxy appeared faint, small, round, 20" diameter, no core or zones. A mag 15.5 star is just off the southwest edge [35" from center].
24" (6/30/16): at 322x; fairly faint or moderately bright, relatively large, elongated at least 5:2 N-S, broad concentration, brighter core, 1.2'x0.45'. Several mag 11-13 stars are nearby including a mag 11 star 2.6' WNW and a mag 11.5 star 3' NW.
IC 1263 is a member of the IC 1262 group that includes CGCG 226-028 6' NNE, IC 1262 3.8' SSW and IC 1264 12' S. CGCG 226-028 appeared faint, small, round, 20" diameter, no core or zones. A mag 14.6 star is 1.2' NNW and a mag 15.5 star is just 35" SW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1263 = Sw. 9-83, along with IC 1262 and 1264, on 19 Jun 1890. He recorded "eF; pS; R; 2nd of 3." His position is accurate.
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IC 1264 = UGC 10904 = MCG +07-36-022 = CGCG 226-027 = WBL 643-003 = PGC 60484
17 33 16.8 +43 37 45; Her
V = 14.4; Size 1.2'x1.1'; PA = 40°
24" (7/2/16"): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 SW-NE, 35"x20", fairly even surface brightness, slightly brighter core. Faintest of three IC's anchoring a group, with IC 1262 8' NNW and IC 1263 12' NNW.
24" (6/30/16): at 322x; fairly faint, moderately large,
elongated 4:3 SW-NE, 40"x30", fairly low surface brightness. Forms a close pair with MCG +07-36-024
0.9' NE. The companion is fairly
faint, small, round, 12", with a mag 16 star at the northwest edge. IC 1264 is a member of the IC 1262
group and is situated 8' SSE of IC 1262.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1264 = Sw. 9-84, along with IC 1263 and 1264, on 19 Jun 1890. He recorded "eeeF; pS; R; 3rd of 3; eee difficult." His position is less than 1' too far north. I'm surprised Swift missed the nearby MCG as it has a higher surface brightness.
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17 36 39.6 +42 05 17; Her
V = 12.3; Size 2.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 80°
17.5" (7/27/95): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 E-W, 1.2'x0.5'. Contains a bright core with faint extensions. A wide pair of mag 14.5 stars lie 1.0' E and 1.3' ESE of center.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1265 = Sw. 9-85 on 10 Jul 1890 and recorded "eeF; S; lE." Discovered by Swift (IX). His position is 1' too far north.
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17 45 35.4 -46 05 23; Ara
V = 12.2; Size 13"
13.1": not found. Very low emission.
Williamina Fleming discovered IC 1266 in 1894 on a
photograph of stellar spectra taken at the Peruvian Station of the Harvard
College Observatory. Pickering
announced the discovery as a "Gaseous Nebula" in 1894AN....135..195P. In 1896, though, Pickering reported the
OIII line was absent, so IC 1266 didn't receive a Harvard nebula (HN) number.
It was listed in the table of "Stars Having Peculiar Spectra (Table XIII)
in the 1912 Annals of Harvard Observatory summary of unusual spectra. In 1916, Annie Jump Cannon classified
it as a P Cygni type star (1916AnHar..76...19C) based on the strength of the
hydrogen emission and absence of NI, NII.
Based on this classification, A.D. Thackeray made a visual examination
on 15 May 1950 and found it to be "at the centre of a nebulous envelope
without however the red hue of
Perek and Kohoutek (CGPN), as well as the Strasbourg-ESO catalog of galactic PNe, identify this object as Tc 1 (from Thackeray). The equivalency with IC 1266 was noticed by Dana Patchick and David Frew.
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17 38 45.9 +59 22 23; Dra
V = 13.4; Size 1.4'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 35°
24" (7/19/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated SW-NE, ~40"x32", weak concentration with small brighter core, occasionally brightens to a stellar nucleus.
IC 1267 is the brighter of a pair with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1267 = Sw. 7-91 on 19 Jul 1887 and reported "eeF; pS; R; ee diff[icult]." His position is 1' NW of this galaxy.
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17 50 39.3 +17 12 34; Her
V = 14.7; Size 0.65'x0.5'; PA = 117°
24" (7/19/17): at 282x; faint to fairly faint, slightly
elongated, 25" diameter. A
very faint star is involved (NW edge?).
Located 20' S of
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1268 = Sw. 7-92 on 16 May 1888 and recorded "eeeF; pS; R; ee diff." His position is 15 seconds too small in RA but accurate in Dec. Howe measured an accurate position in 1900 (repeated in the IC 2 Notes section).
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17 52 06.0 +21 34 11; Her
V = 12.8; Size 1.7'x1.3'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 125°
18" (7/2/08): at 175x appeared fairly faint, moderately large, elongated 4:3 NW-SE, slightly brighter core. Bracketed by mag 13 stars 1.4' N and 1.4' NE as well as a mag 13 star 1.2' SE. Located 4.2' NNE of a mag 10.2 star.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1269 = Sw. 7-94 on 25 Jul 1887 and
logged "eeF; pL; R; F * v nr nf; and other F * nr." There is nothing at his position but 19
seconds of time preceding and 2' north is
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17 49 20.8 +62 13 22; Dra
V = 13.8; Size 0.7'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.6
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1270 = Sw. 7-93 on 11 Jun 1888. This observation is likely a rediscovery of NGC 6488, originally found by Swift on 1 Sep 1888. See NGC 6488 for the story.
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18 05 10.1 -24 23 56; Sgr
17.5" (6/14/96): the brightest mag 7.5 star at the east
end of
17.5" (6/8/96): this is the mag 7.5 star (
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1271 = Sw. 8-94 on 5 Aug 1888 and recorded "eeeF, vL, N6523 nr p, ee diff; B* inv or is a neb *; discovered 2 years ago." His position is about 5' southeast of a mag 7 star at 18 05 10.6 -24 23 55 which is embedded in the eastern wing or extension of the Lagoon nebula. Corwin notes that John Herschel discovered and sketched this extension and considered it part of the M8 complex.
Dreyer states in the 1912 update of William Herschel's
catalogues that IC 1271 is identical to
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18 09 51.0 -23 38 54; Sgr
Size 9'x8'
17.5" (7/17/93): located north of the
17.5" (6/20/87): at 88x with UHC filter appears fairly faint, large, includes several stars with three or four brighter stars, irregular shape. Located 22' NNW of NGC 6559.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1274, along with IC 1275, on 25 Jun 1892 on a 4-hour plate using the 6-inch Willard lens. His article "Photographic Nebulosities and Groups of Nebulous Stars" in AN 3111 includes a rough visual sketch (with the Lick 12" refractor) of the field including NGC 6559 to the south.
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IC 1275 = Sh 2-31 = LBN 33 = Ced 154e = ESO 521-41
18 10 07.2 -23 45 40; Sgr
Size 10'x6'
17.5" (7/17/93): at 100x and OIII filter appears as an easy nebulosity surrounding two mag 9 stars and several fainter stars. Located at the east end of the chain of nebulosities described in the NGC 6559 observation. IC 1274 is ~9' NNW.
17.5" (6/20/87): at 88x and UHC filter; fairly faint nebulosity surrounding a pair of mag 8 stars, smaller than nearby IC 1274. Located 16' N of NGC 6559.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1275, along with IC 1274, on 25 Jun 1892 on a 4-hour plate using the 6-inch Willard lens. His article "Photographic Nebulosities and Groups of Nebulous Stars" in AN 3111 includes a visual sketch (with the Lick 12" refractor) of the field including NGC 6559 to the south. IC 1274 and 1275 are clearly identified (as Nova) on the sketch.
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18 10 44.3 -07 12 27; Ser
V = 10.3; Size 7'; Surf Br = 3.3
24" (9/7/13): at 200x appeared as a fairly faint to moderately bright, roundish glow, ~3' diameter, with a weak concentration. Grows in size with averted vision to at least 3.5' diameter. At 375x, a total of 8-10 stars were resolved and a couple more occasionally popped. The brightest is a mag 13-13.5 star on the west side and a mag 14 star 35" to its east. A few additional stars appear to be ~15-15.5 magnitude with the remainder closer to 16th magnitude. A mag 10.6 star is 3' NNE of center.
18" (6/22/09): at 225x appeared as a faint, moderately large, roundish glow with no central concentration. A string of three stars are superimposed on the north side of the cluster.
17.5" (8/2/97): at 220x, this globular appears as an obvious irregular glow of ~3' diameter with a mag 13.5 star at the west edge. A superimposed mag 14 star follows [by 36"] and a third mag 14.5 on a line is at the east end. A mag 15 star was also glimpsed along this string close following the mag 14 star. Appears elongated ~E-W and the irregular outline increases in size with averted vision to 4'x3'. This faint globular has an unusual mottled patchy appearance although the observed stars may be field stars.
17.5" (7/27/95): at 220x appears faint, moderately large, 3' irregular scraggly outline. No resolution although the surface brightness is irregular. A mag 13 star is at the west end, closely followed by a mag 14.5 star. A similar faint star is situated at the east end. Located 3' SSW of a mag 11 star.
17.5" (7/4/86): at 105x appears as a faint glow with no central condensation. Two stars mag 13-14 are on the west side. At 286x the cluster seems to extend mostly east of the following of the two stars. Located 3' SSW of a mag 11 star.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1276 = Sw. 8-95 on 10 Apr 1889 and
recorded "eeeF; vL; ee diff; D* close to p edge; very wide D* nr
north." George Abell found it
again in 1952 on the POSS (published in the 1955 paper "Globular Clusters
and Planetary Nebulae Discovered on the National Geographic Society-Palomar
Observatory Sky Survey") and missed the equivalence with globular #7. So, IC 1276 is also known as
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18 10 27.3 +31 00 12; Her
V = 13.4; Size 1.6'x1.4'; Surf Br = 14.1; PA = 25°
17.5" (8/3/89): very faint, moderately large, very
diffuse. A double star mag 14/15
is off the southwest side [1.6' from center]. Forms a pair with
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1277 = Big. 220 on 31 Aug 1888 and simply noted "faint stars" in his 1891 Comptes Rendus list. Harold Corwin states that Bigourdan has four observations of it; they do not agree very well, but his mean position is only 12 arcsec south of the nucleus. The identity is secure."
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18 10 41.7 +31 09 00; Her
Size 22"
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; IC 1278 is a small asterism of 4-5 stars spanning only 22". It was resolved into two easily visible mag 14.8 and 15.3 stars at the east and west end, respectively. A third mag 16 star was occasionally visible and a fourth mag 16-16.5 star was suspected only.
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1278 = Big. 220, along with IC 1277, on 31 Aug 188. Bigourdan mentioned several stars were suspected and his position matches a small group of 4 stars.
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18 11 15.4 +36 00 28; Her
V = 13.5; Size 2.6'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 159°
24" (9/28/19): at 260x; pretty edge-on at least 3:1 NNW-SSE, broad concentration to a brighter, elongated core region. The galaxy precedes three mag 11-12 stars in a N-S string with the southern star an uncatalogued double stars (separation less than 5").
24" (6/29/16): at 200x; fairly faint, moderately large, nice edge-on 7:2 NNW-SSE, 1.2'x0.35', broad concentration to a bulging core. Three mag 11.0-11.8 stars in a shallow arc follow by 3' and two mag 11.4/12.4 stars ~3' N are collinear with the galaxy.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1279 = Sw. 7-95 on 18 Oct 1887 and
recorded "eeeF; pS; R; in a semicircle of st.; eee diff." His position is 2.5' NW of
But Swift's second position happens to fall close to CGCG 200-010 = PGC 61527, a close pair of extremely small and faint galaxies, and Zwicky and Herzog identified this pair as IC 1279 in the CGCG (Volume III). But Swift's description doesn't match this close pair as the "semicircle of several stars" is preceding (west), not following the pair. PGC, as well as all online databases (NED, HyperLeda, SIMBAD) repeat the CGCG misidentification. Harold Corwin recovered the identification IC 1279 = IC 1281 (first given by Dreyer in the IC 2 Notes). See his notes.
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18 12 18.4 +25 39 44; Her
V = 14.5; Size 0.7'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.5; PA = 56°
17.5" (7/1/89): faint, small, round. A mag 14.5 star is at the NE end and a
mag 15 star at the south end. Image
confused by these two close faint stars.
A wide pair of stars is 12' SW.
Located in the
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1280 = Big. 222 on 1 Jul 1886
while searching for
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IC 1281 = IC 1279 = UGC 11143 = MCG +06-40-009 = CGCG 200-009 = 2MFGC 14240 = PGC 61518
18 11 15.4 +36 00 28; Her
V = 13.5; Size 2.6'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 159°
See observing notes for IC 1279.
Lewis Swift found IC 1281 = Sw. 8-96 on 28 May 1889 and
recorded "eeF S; cE; semicircle of several stars near
following." His position
falls close to
Harold Corwin concludes that IC 1281 is more likely a duplicate of IC 1279, discovered earlier by Swift on 18 Oct 1887. Swift's RA for IC 1281 is 21 seconds too large, but his description applies. Dreyer originally suggested the equivalence because Howe took a look at the field with the 20" refractor at Denver in 1899 and reported "I see only one nebula in the vicinity and call it 'vF, pS." So, likely IC 1281 = IC 1279, and not CGCG 200-010. See IC 1279 and Corwin's notes.
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18 17 18 -19 45; Sgr
Size 17'x15'
17.5" (7/26/95): at 100x unfiltered appears as a very
faint, very large nebulosity, at least 10' diameter. Encompasses a mag 9 star and extends about 10' NE to merge
with
17.5" (6/20/87): at 88x and UHC filter appears as a
very large, extensive nebulous region just NE of NGC 6589 and
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1283 on the photographic plate taken with the 6" Willard in Jun 1892. He commented that BD -19° 4948 is nebulous and "the nebulosity is very small and principally noticeable on the southern side of the [9.3 magnitude] star." Megastar misidentifies IC 1283 as NGC 6595, which is identical to NGC 6590.
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IC 1284 = Ced 157d = BBW 33903 = Gum 78 = Sh 2-37 = RCW 153 = LBN 47 = ESO 590-16
18 17 42 -19 40; Sgr
Size 17'x15'
17.5" (7/26/95): this is the northeastern section of the IC 1283/1284 nebulosity surrounding mag 7.6 SAO 161273. Although brightest around the star, the nebula appears to nearly merge with IC 1283 stretching SW to a mag 9 star located 7' SW. Located less than 15' NE of the bright reflection nebulae NGC 6589 and NGC 6595.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1284 on a photographic plate taken with the 6" Willard lends on 31 May 1892. He noted "an unknown nebulous star [BD -19° 4953]. It is shown on the photograph to be nearly symmetrically surrounded with a faint diffused nebulosity about 15' in diameter. Perhaps this nebulosity is a little denser and more extensive following. Visually with the 12 inch, I cannot be certain of seeing the nebulosity on account of the brightness of the central star." He later described nearby IC 1283 in AN 3111. Barnard's position matches the mag 7.6 star involved.
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18 16 10 +25 06.1; Her
Size 0.6'
24" (8/12/18): at 375x; IC 1285 is an asterism of 4
stars within 30". On the NW
side are the brighter two; a 10" pair of mag 14.1 and 14.8. Close east are two mag 15.5/15.7 stars
are 18". The faintest star
(SE end) was difficult in fairly poor transparency due to wildfire smoke. Located 6.6' NW of
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1285 = Big. 224 on 8 Aug 1888 and logged a mag 13.3 star accompanied by a few additional fainter stars that perhaps might have some traces of nebulosity. There is no nebulosity. Just a small group of 4 stars.
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18 16 14.3 +55 35 28; Dra
V = 13.8; Size 1.4'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 85°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, moderately large, very elongated 4:1 E-W, ~50"x12", weak concentration. Resides within a group of brighter stars, included a mag 10.3 star 2.4' N.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1286 = Sw. 7-96 on 11 Jun 1888 and
recorded "eF; pS; R; nearly bet. 2 pB st[ars]." His position is just off the east edge
of
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18 31 18 -10 50; Sct
Size 44'x34'
18" (8/11/07): this was a difficult observation to
confirm as this large, very faint reflection nebula is illuminated by mag 5.7
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1287 on a plate taken with the 12" Willard lens on 29 Jun 1892. He noted (AN 3111) "the 5.5 mag star BD -10° 4713 is shown to be nebulous. The star is surrounded by a large diffused nebulosity, somewhat extended in a direction nf and sp. A telescopic examination [probably with the 12" refractor] with a very low power confirms the photograph." Base on photographs at the Helwan observatory in Egypt in 1919-20, it was described as "a very large patch of faint, diffuse nebulosity around Boss 4687 extending chiefly to the south of it.
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18 29 22.6 +39 42 47; Lyr
V = 13.4; Size 1.1'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 2°
24" (7/19/17): at 375x; fairly faint, moderately large,
very elongated 3:1 N-S. Resides
within a group of stars including a mag 15 star at the north tip [22" from
center]. Also nearby is a mag 12.7
star [49" from center] and a mag 12 star 1' due W. Located 10' SSW of
13.1" (7/20/85): faint, thin edge-on N-S. A number of stars are near; two mag 11/13 stars are 1.1' W and 1.4' WNW of center. A mag 12 star is close NE, 0.8' from center, and a mag 15 star is at the north tip 22" from center. Located 9' SSW of NGC 6646 in a trio with IC 1289.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1288 = Sw. 7-97 on 19 Oct 1887 and recorded "vF; S; lE; nearly between a double and a single star."
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IC 1289 = MCG +07-38-009 = CGCG 228-011 = PGC 61958
18 30 02.3 +39 57 51; Lyr
V = 14.4; Size 0.7'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 145°
24" (7/19/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated NW-SE, weak concentration. A very faint mag 15.8 star is at the south edge. A mag 8.8 star is 6' WSW. Located 7.5' NE of
13.1" (7/20/85): extremely faint, fairly small, diffuse, very low even surface brightness, possibly elongated. Located 7.5' NE of NGC 6646 in a trio with IC 1288. A mag 8.5 star lies 5.8' SW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1289 = Sw. 7-98 on 19 Oct 1887 and recorded "eeeF; pS; lE; 3 stars in line point to it." His position is 2.8' too far northwest. The "3 stars in line point to it" likely refer to a collinear trio that starts 3' SE.
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18 33 52.7 +49 16 42; Dra
V = 13.0; Size 1.8'x1.5'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 30°
48" (11/5/21): at 610x; fairly bright, moderately large, ~1.2' diameter, irregular shape with spiral structure though roughly elongated 3:2 NW-SE, very uneven surface brightness. The core is a small brighter region only 15" NW of two superimposed 15th magnitude stars that hampered the view.
A fairly well defined spiral arm begins just NW of the core. Though low surface brightness, it was easily seen extending north and gently curving towards a mag 13.5 star [52" N of center]. A small, slightly brighter knot was midway along the arm. Also a slightly brighter region [part of the southern "arm"] and a faint star (mag 16.5-17) was noted ~0.5' S of center. The halo bulged out on the SE end.
24" (7/19/17): at 375x; fairly faint, moderately large, irregular shape. Two 15th magnitude stars are superimposed [separation 11" on DSS2] with a weak core just to the northwest of these stars. The glow elongates further to the NW of the core [this is the central bar]. An extremely small HII knot, ~5" diameter, occasionally popped in the same position near the NW end of the "bar" [18" NW of center]. There was a hint of an arm curling further northward towards a mag 13.5 star [0.8' NNE of center]. A mag 13 star is 1' WNW and two mag 11.5 stars further NW are collinear with the galaxy.
24" (9/10/15): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 NW-SE, increases in length with averted vision to ~40"x16". Appears to have a very faint quasi-stellar nucleus, along with a faint superimposed star very close southeast. A mag 13.5 star is less than 1' N of center. An HII region in the northwest spiral arm was not seen, though the transparency was fairly poor. Two mag 11-11.5 star lie 2.4' and 3.4' NNW (collinear with the galaxy) and a mag 9.8 star is 4.2' SW. Situated in a busy star field.
17.5" (7/24/95): very faint, small, irregular glow of 30" diameter. Appears to have no core but there are one or two extremely faint mag 15.5-16 stars superimposed on the south end. Nearly collinear with two mag 10.5-11 stars 2.3' and 3.3' NNW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1291 = Sw. 10-46 on 5 Jun 1891 and recorded "eF; vS; R; F * close N." His position is 13 seconds of RA too far west and 2.3' too far north (3.3' NW of the galaxy). Herbert Howe, in his survey of NGC and IC objects around 1900, mentions he was unable to see a "F * close N", though noted two 12th mag star north-following and north-preceding. But Swift was probably referring to the star less than 1' NNE, which is closer to mag 13.5. Howe also measured an accurate position that was repeated in the IC 2 notes section.
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18 41 37.2 +56 19 06; Dra
Size 0.5'
24" (7/19/17): at 282x; this asterism consists of four mag 15-15.5 stars in a 30" string ~N-S. Three of the stars were easily resolved, while the 4th (2nd from north) was difficult. Also a 14th mag star is 0.6' NW of the string.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1293 = Sw. 8-97 on 29 Aug 1888 and reported "eeeF; S; lE; * in center; ? D[ouble]; another nr. suspected sf." His position matches a 30" string of 4 stars with two other stars nearby. In his review of NGC and IC objects, Howe reported "It appears to consist of 3 stars of mag. 14 of which the following one is nebulous''.
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18 54 36.5 -08 49 49; Sct
V = 12.5; Size 102"x87"
24" (8/12/15): At 220x + UHC filter, the rim was
clearly brighter, particularly along the south side. But the west side of the planetary was weaker with a darker
indentation, creating a "C" appearance, open to the west. A very
faint, fairly thin outer shell was visible with careful viewing. This envelope was roughly the thickness
of the brighter rim. Increasing to 375x and removing the filter, I
counted 8 or 9 superimposed stars including several around or just off the
edge. The stellar planetary
K4-8 was easily visible unfiltered as a mag 14.5 "star", the middle of 5 stars in a shallow 51" arc, concave to the northwest. Excellent contrast gain adding a UHC filter at 220x, so it was very easy to identify.
33" (9/15/07): at 200x appeared weakly annular with a slightly darker hole in the center and slightly brighter rim except on the west edge where there was an indentation or darker notch taking a small bite out of the rim.
18" (7/22/06): at 220x and UHC filter this fairly bright, large planetary was crisp-edged, slightly elongated ~E-W, ~1.5x1.3' in size. The rim appeared slightly brighter, particularly along the south side giving a weak impression of annularity. Several stars bracket the planetary and four or five mag 14-15.5 stars appear within the disc at 325x without a filter. I viewed this object along with NGC 6712 and the stellar planetary K 4-8 in the same low power field of view!
17.5" (6/30/00): fairly bright at 220x using a UHC filter as a roundish disc, ~1.6'x1.4'. The surface brightness is irregular and it appears slightly brighter along the southwest and northwest portion of the rim. The unfiltered view at 280x also reveals a mottled appearance with a mag 13.5-14 star situated right at the west edge and a mag 14.5 star in the interior (a bit offset from center). A couple of extremely faint stars are at the following edge. Located 24' ESE of NGC 6712.
17.5" (5/10/86): bright, large, round, 1.5' diameter. Very pretty at 220x, estimate V = 12.0-12.5. The stellar planetary K 4-8 is just 4.6' WNW.
13.1" (7/27/84): the rim on the south or SW side appears brighter but no definite annularity was seen.
13.1" (8/15/82): fairly faint, appears slightly elongated in an E-W orientation.
8" (6/27/81): faint, round, fairly small. Located 25' ESE of NGC 6712 in the same low power field. Observation mentioned in 10/81 S&T for smallest scope!
5": visible with a 5" stop on my 13.1" without filter and easy with UHC at 79x!
Truman Safford discovered IC 1295 = Sf. 82 on 28 Aug 1867
with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at Dearborn Observatory in Chicago and
recorded "pB, pL, gradually brighter in the middle." Édouard Stephan redisocvered it on 24
Jul 1881 (or perhaps was aware of Safford's discovery?) and logged a rough
position was poor (6' too far NNW).
He didn't reduce and publish an accurate position, so IC 1295 wasn't
included in the NGC. Heber Curtis
first recognized it as a planetary nebula in 1919. Burnham's Celestial Handbook and the Sky Atlas 2000.0
mislabel this planetary as
In 1919, Heber Curtis reported it was undoubtedly a planetary nebula based on a Crossley photograph and described it as "Exceedingly faint; a faint, hazy ring about 2' x 1.5' in p. a. 90°±. The central portions are relatively vacant, and it is fainter along and at the ends of the major axis. There are three faint stars at the center, of which one is probably the central star."
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18 53 18.8 +33 03 58; Lyr
V = 14.0; Size 1.1'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 80°
48" (4/1/11): at 375x this low surface brightness
galaxy near
17.5" (7/5/86 and 7/2/89): extremely faint, small, round, very low surface brightness. This difficult galaxy is situated just 4' NW of M57! Located along the north side of a small rhombus of mag 13-14 stars with sides of 1.5'. IC 1296 is just 30" ESE of a mag 14 star.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1296 visually on 2 Oct 1893 with the Lick 36-inch refractor. His description in AN 3200 reads "this nebula is about 1/2' diameter. Not round. A little brighter in the middle. About 14th magnitude." His position matches this faint spiral, located just 4' NW of M57.
In a paper written by James Keeler in 1899 ("The Ring Nebula in Lyra"), he noted "Barnards small nebula.—The negative obtained with two hours’ exposure shows that the small nebula discovered by Professor Barnard with the 36-inch refractor in 1893 is a left- handed, two-branched spiral. The extreme diameter on the photograph is about 30."
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19 17 23.5 -39 36 46; CrA
V = 10.7; Size 11"x9"
14.5" (7/11/21): obvious at 140x as a small, bluish
disc, at least 10" diameter.
Excellent contrast gain with a UHC filter. Nice crisply defined disc at 182x. Using 264x, the rim seems slightly brighter (weakly
annular). I tried 352x but the low
elevation wouldn't support this power well. Located 16' WSW of mag 7.4
13.1" (8/8/86): bright, small, 10"-15" diameter, slight bluish-green color. Very pretty sight at 166x and 214x, estimate V = 11.5-12.0.
Williamina Fleming discovered IC 1297 in 1894 on an objective-prism plate taken at Harvard's Arequipa station in Peru. Pickering announced the discovery in AN 3227. Robert Innes independently found it at the Transvaal Observatory in Johannesburg on 20 Oct 1909 and reported it as "a planetary nebula looking like a double star out of focus, 9.3 mag. Diameter 8"x6", longer axis is in 270°-90°."
A star (
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19 18 36 -01 35 46; Aql
Size 0.5'
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; this small group of stars that
is located just 3' E of planetary nebula
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1298 = Big. 225 on 30 Jul 1889 and called it a "vS Cl, [NGC] 6778 p 3 arcmin." His position and description corresponds with this small group of stars.
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19 22 41 +20 44 30; Vul
Size 4'x2.5'
24" (9/16/17): at 200x; at Espin's position is a glowing Milky Way patch with 10-12 stars superimposed. Most of these are 13th mag stars arranged in a loop or semi-ellipse, open on the north end [2.4' across]. The group appears visually to be a random, unimpressive asterism.
Reverend Thomas Espin discovered IC 1299 on 8 Oct 1893, while searching for double stars. He noted it was "proably a cluster of very faint stars.
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19 24 03.2 +53 37 29; Cyg
V = 13.2; Size 1.6'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 150°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1300 = Sw. 10-47 on 2 Oct 1891 and recorded "eF; vS; R." There is nothing near his position. Howe searched unsuccessfully for IC 1300 on two nights at Swift's position. He communicated afterwards with Swift, who responded that the IC position was one degree too far south. This implies IC 1300 = NGC 6798. In the IC 2 Notes, Dreyer comments for IC 1300, "Delenda, = 6798."
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19 26 32.0 +50 07 31; Cyg
Size 1.3'x0.6'; PA = 19°
24" (6/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint to moderately bright, fairly small, elongated 5:2 or 3:1 SSW-NNE, ~40"x15". A 1.2' pair (STTA 182) of mag 7.4 and mag 8.6 stars is 2' to 3' NE. The brighter star has a mag 11.5 companion at 35".
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1301 = Sw. 9-93 on 15 Apr 1890 and
recorded "eeF; vS; R; 2 B and 1 F * in line nr f, nearest * nf close D
with 300." There is nothing
near his position, though it is about 30' due south of
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19 30 52.9 +35 47 07; Cyg
V = 13.4; Size 0.9'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.2
17.5" (7/26/95): very faint, very small, irregularly
round. Bracketed by a mag 11 star
off the south edge 35" from center and a mag 14.5 star a similar distance
north. Forms an interesting pair
with
Truman Safford discovered IC 1302 = Sf. 36 on 9 Jun 1866 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory. He simply note "vF, undefined" and his position is 2' too far south-southwest.
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IC 1303 = UGC 11452 = MCG +06-43-004 = LGG 428-003 = PGC 63328
19 31 30.2 +35 52 35; Cyg
Size 1.3'x0.8'; PA = 115°
17.5" (7/26/95): very faint, small, slightly elongated 4:3 E-W, 40"x30", no concentration. Collinear with two mag 14 stars to the SW with one star at the edge of the halo. Forms an unusual pair with IC 1302 9.4' SW in a rich Milky Way field.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1303 = Sf. 37 on 9 Jun 1866 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory. He recorded "vF, 30" diam, with small cluster." His position is 2' too far southwest.
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19 45 05.3 -14 43 16; Sgr
Size 45"
48" (5/16/12): bright, fairly small, irregularly round. At ~30", this HII knot is slightly larger than Hubble V and more uniform in surface brightness but the brighter portions of Hubble V have a higher surface brightness. This is the easternmost of four HII knots along the northern side of Barnard's Galaxy.
18" (7/12/10): easily visible unfiltered at 225x and
stands out fairly well at 285x as a 25" knot (irregularly round). Situated
1.7' NW of a mag 12/14 double star at ~8" separation. This is the slightly fainter of a
similar pair of HII knots at the north end of
17.5" (9/1/02): the eastern of two HII regions at the north end of Barnard's galaxy. Easily visible with averted vision at 220x without a filter and there is mild contrast gain using an OIII filter at 140x.
17.5" (7/14/99): following of a pair of HII regions with Hubble V at the north end of NGC 6822 = Barnard's Galaxy. Visible with direct vision at 220x and 280x without a filter. There was a mild contrast gain using a UHC filter at these magnifications.
17.5" (8/21/98): easily visible at 220x without a filter as a 30" round knot along with Hubble V just 3.1' W. Because I had no problem viewing this HII region without filtration I didn't blink or use an OIII filter.
17.5" (5/10/91): HII region on the NE edge of NGC 6822. At 82x and OIII filter, appeared as a faint, very small but clearly nebulous round knot. Estimate mag 14. A mag 12 star lies 2' SE (very close double on the POSS). Not seen without a filter. Forms a pair with similar Hubble V just 3' W.
Francis Leavenworth discovered the HII region IC 1308 = LM(S) 791 on 18 Jun 1887 with the 26-inch refractor at the Leander McCormick observatory. Leavenworth missed the galaxy itself, but he found the two bright HII regions at its north end. Dreyer assumed Leavenworth's #790 (the previous object in the table) referred to NGC 6822 as the description for IC 1308 reads, "extremely faint, extremely small, little elongated, gradually brighter in the middle, 6822 precedes 12 seconds". But #790 in the table refers to the HII region Hubble V! Leavenworth was the source of the confusion as he credited Barnard as the discoverer for the two HII regions. Ironically, E.E. Barnard made an independent discovery of the two HII regions on 7 Jul 1888 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory.
The IC position is accurate but Paul Hodge didn't identify this HII knot as IC 1308 in his 1988 paper "The HII regions of NGC 6822", P.A.S.P. 100:917-934 or in "A Catalogue of diffuse nebula and emission-line stars in NGC 6822", 94:444-452, June 1982. But Hubble's seminal 1925 paper on NGC 6822 (http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/full/1925ApJ....62..409H), mentions nebula X is identical to IC 1308.
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20 03 01.5 -17 13 55; Sgr
V = 14.2; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 35°
24" (6/22/17): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, fairly
small, round, 24" diameter, low nearly even surface brightness. Located in eastern Sagittarius, 7' N of
mag 7.6
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1309 = J. 1-385 on 26 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
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20 10 01 +34 58 06; Cyg
Size 4'
17.5" (8/2/97): picked up at 100x as a small nebulous patch in a rich Milky Way field surrounding a mag 13 star. It didn't stand out well at this power due to the rich environment but the glow had a noticeably higher surface brightness than the unresolved Milky Way glow. The view was improved at 220x; a faint sprinkling of stars were superimposed (8-10 with averted vision) and the 2' cluster had an irregular outline. Appeared similar to a partially resolved globular. A nice mag 12/13 double star [9" separation] is off the NE end 1.5' from center. The view holds up well at 410x and one or two additional faint stars were resolved.
Rev. Thomas Espin discovered IC 1310 on 19 Sep 1893 with his 17.3-inch Calver reflector at his private observatory in England while sweeping for red stars. He simply recorded "faint nebulosity" Very close to his position is this faint cluster, which was independently catalogued as Berkeley 50.
Probably due to the IC description, Cederblad included IC 1310 in his list of bright nebulae as well as Beverly Lynds, although there is no nebulosity.
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20 10 47 +41 10 30; Cyg
V = 13.1; Size 6'
17.5" (8/17/93): very faint cluster; consists of ~15
stars mag 13.5 to 15 in a 4'x3' oval outline over unresolved haze. A mag 10 star is off the west side and
most resolved stars are around the periphery. Located within a semi-circle of bright stars including mag
6.9
8" (8/15/82): very small group of four mag 13 stars. Use high power to resolve.
Rev. Thomas Espin discovered IC 1311 on 6 Oct 1893 with his 17 1/4-inch Calver reflector at his private observatory in England while sweeping for red stars. He recorded an "extremely faint nebula within a circle of bright stars." His position (though mentioned as approximate in his discovery list) is fairly accurate. The Lynga 5 position, though, is incorrect (repeated in Sky Catalogue 2000 and Skiff & Luginbuhl).
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20 18 43.7 -16 56 46; Cap
V = 14.1; Size 1.8'x1.4'; PA = 26°
24" (6/22/17): at 200x and 375x; fairly faint, moderately large, roundish, ~1' diameter, very small brighter nucleus (no core). A 13th magnitude star is superimposed on the west side [18" from center].
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1313 = J. 1-386 on 25 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
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20 23 15.6 +00 39 52; Aql
V = 13.7; Size 0.7'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 80°
17.5" (7/8/94): fairly faint, small, round, 0.5' diameter, weak even concentration to a brighter core and faint stellar nucleus. A mag 12.5 star is 1.6' NNE and a mag 15 star is 40" NW. Described as a planetary in the IC.
17.5": fairly faint, extremely small, round, bright core, compact.
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1317 = Sp 23 on 30 Sep 1891 with the 27-inch refractor in Vienna. His position is accurate, though he called it a "planetary nebula = mag 12 star, size 1/4' or slightly less, easily visible." Based on a Crossley plate taken Lick Observatory (1912), Charles Perrine also described a "faint planetary about 15" in diameter" (perhaps using Spitaler's comment).
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20 22 14 +40 15 24; Cyg
18" (7/13/07): Both portions of the "Butterfly Nebula" were easily visible at 12.5x in my 80mm finder using an H-beta filter and were an amazing sight in my 18-inch at 73x using both H-beta and UHC filters as they stretched across the entire 67' field of field and separated by a wide dark lane (LDN 889).
IC 1318e is situated roughly 35' SE of IC 1318d on the opposite side of dark nebula LDN 889. This bright section passes through several wide double stars and gently curves as it sweeps from SW to NE. The overall length is at least 35'x10' (not as wide as on photographs but nearly as long). One or two darker spots or regions lie within the nebulosity although it appears as a single continuous piece without as much structure as IC 1318d.
12.5x80mm (7/13/07): viewed in 80mm finder using an H-beta filter. The two roughly parallel brightest sections to the east of Gamma that form the "Butterfly Nebula" (IC 1318d and 1318e) were obvious as extremely large parallel strips oriented ~SW-NE and separated by a wide dark lane.
16x80 (8/23/84): extremely large complex of irregular emission nebulae surrounded Gamma Cygni (position given) with six sections visible at 16x using a UHC and H-beta filters. Overfills the 4° finder field! The most prominent section is an isolated patch NW of Gamma at the edge of the field (IC 1318b = Ced 176c = LBN 251 = DWB 82) and next are two parallel strips just east (IC 1318d = LBN 249) and SE of Gamma (IC 1318e = LBN 245) that have fairly sharp edges. Observation from Mt Rose (above Lake Tahoe) using the finder.
2x Night-vision with 6nm H-alpha (1/1/22): I had previously viewed the IC 1318 complex at 1x with the Televue image-intensified monocular, though with a 2x lens several individual sections could be distinguished that were slighty separated.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1318 on a photographic plate taken with the Willard lens in 1892. He simply mentioned "A photograph which I have made in 1892 with five hours of exposure was Chi Cygni, shows Gamma Cygni to be surrounded by numerous large patches and strips of nebulosity." (Astronomy and Astro-Physics, Vol XIII, No. 3, March 1894).
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20 26 01.2 -18 30 15; Cap
V = 13.8; Size 0.8'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 9°
17.5" (8/8/02): fairly faint, small, slightly
elongated, 0.6'x0.5', very weak concentration. Located 2.1' SE of mag 8.5
13.1" (8/17/85): faint, small, round, very weak
concentration. Located 2.1' SE of
mag 8.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1319 = J. 1-387 on 20 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
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20 26 25.7 +02 54 35; Del
V = 13.6; Size 1.0'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 87°
17.5" (8/21/98): faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1
~E-W, weak concentration.
Brightest in a group with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1320 = J. 2-791 on 19 Aug 1893. His position is accurate.
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20 28 11.1 -18 17 29; Cap
V = 14.4; Size 1.1'x0.8'; Surf Br = 14.0; PA = 85°
24" (6/22/17): faint to fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated E-W, 25" diameter, nearly even low surface brightness. Located 13' SE of mag 5.2 Pi Cap!
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1321 = J. 1-388 on 17 Aug 1892. His position is accurate. This galaxy is not plotted on the Uranometria 2000 Atlas (2nd version).
******************************
20 30 08.5 -15 13 40; Cap
Size 1.0'x0.5'; PA = 100°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x; faint, small, round, 20"
diameter, nearly stellar nucleus.
Just visible continuously with averted (near end of astronomical
twilight). Located 17' SW of
yellow mag 6.1
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1322 = J. 1-389 on 16 Jul
1891. His position is
accurate. PGC and HyperLEDA fail
to identify
******************************
20 32 12.3 -09 03 22; Cap
V = 13.5; Size 1.4'x1.4'
24" (6/23/17): at 375x; moderately bright, small,
round, 20" diameter (core only).
Contains a very small, very bright nucleus. A thin halo increases the size with averted to
30"-35" diameter. A mag
14.7 star is 50" S of center and a mag 12.4 star is 1.3' SSE. IC 1324 is situated 3.4' N of mag 9.8
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1324 = Sw. 7-100 on 16 Sep 1887
and recorded "eeF; S; R; 8th mag. * s[outh]". There's nothing at his original
position, but Herbert Howe corrected the RA 26 seconds further east. This position matches
******************************
20 32 50.4 +09 55 37; Del
V = 12.2; Size 2.0'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.3; PA = 106°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1325 = Sw. 8-98, along with
******************************
IC 1326 = NGC 6930 = UGC 11590 = MCG +02-52-018 = CGCG 424-022 = LGG 438-004 = WBL 663-003 = PGC 64935
20 32 58.8 +09 52 28; Del
V = 12.8; Size 1.3'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.1; PA = 8°
See observing notes for NGC 6930.
Lewis Swift found IC 1326 = Sw. 8-99, along with IC 1325, on 23 Sep 1888 and recorded "eeeF; S; eE; spindle; pF * nr south; wide D * nr sf; ee diff; nf of 2 [with IC 1325]." His position is 1' NNE of NGC 6930 and he confused the orientation, which is northwest to southeast. Herbert Howe suggested the NGC/IC equivalences (IC 1325 = NGC 6928 and IC 1326 = NGC 6930) and measured an accurate position.
******************************
20 35 41.3 -00 00 21; Aql
V = 13.7; Size 0.8'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 170°
24" (7/16/15): faint to fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 18" diameter, weak concentration. Located 1.5' WSW of mag 7.1
Sherburne Burnham discovered IC 1327 on 20 Aug 1889 with the Lick 36-inch in the field of mag 7.1 HD 196203. He measured a P.A. of 257° and a separation of 84.5". The discovery was announced in Publications of Lick Observatory, Vol II and AN 2957.
******************************
20 41 57.0 -19 37 59; Cap
Size 0.9'x0.35'; PA = 50°
24" (7/14/18): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 or 5:3 SW-NE, ~25"x15", low nearly even surface brightness.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1328 = J. 1-391 on 25 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
20 43 43 +15 36.1; Del
Size 1'
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; very faint, small irregular patch with 2 or 3 very faint stars superimposed (brightest ~15.5). Bumping the magnification to 500x, 3 resolved stars were definite and a 4th glimpsed. The DSS shows about 10 stars in a small group.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1329 = Sw. 9-95 on 23 Sep 1889 and recorded "eeeF; pL; R; in center of trap of 4 st; eee dif; in finder field with Gamma and Delta Dephini." Very close to his position is an asterism of several mag 15-16 stars that fits his description "in center of trap[ezoid] of 4 stars". Corwin confirms this group of stars is IC 1329.
******************************
20 46 14.9 -14 01 24; Aqr
Size 1.2'x0.4'; PA = 110°
24" (7/14/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 3:1 NW-SE, small brighter core.
A mag 14.6 star lies 0.7' N of center. Situated 6' NNE of mag 9.6
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1330 = J. 1-392 on 16 Jul 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
20 47 48.9 -09 59 45; Aqr
V = 13.7; Size 1.8'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 85°
17.5" (8/8/02): faint, small, very elongated 3:1 ~E-W,
0.6'x0.2', very small brighter core. A faint star is at the west tip and off
the north side of the east end.
Forms the north vertex of a triangle with mag 8.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1331 = J. 1-393 on 13 Sep 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
20 51 51.4 -13 42 41; Aqr
Size 0.9'x0.6'; PA = 64°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; between faint and fairly faint, small, round, 18" diameter, weak concentration. A mag 8.4 star is 4.6' SW.
24" (7/14/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated SW-NE, ~24"x20", nearly even surface
brightness. Located 5' NE of mag
8.4
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1332 = J. 1-394 on 16 Jul 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
20 52 17.2 -16 17 09; Cap
Size 1.4'x0.7'; PA = 83°
24" (7/14/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 3:2 ~E-W, 30"x20", gradually increases to the center but no
distinct core or nucleus. Located
10' SW of mag 8.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1333 = J. 1-395 on 4 Aug
1891. His position is 2.4' due
north of
******************************
IC 1334 = IC 1333 = MCG -03-53-008 = PGC 65614
20 52 17.2 -16 17 09; Cap
Size 1.4'x0.7'; PA = 83°
24" (7/14/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 ~E-W, 30"x20", gradually increases to the center but no distinct core or nucleus. Located 10' SW of mag 8.5 HD 198730.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1334 = J. 1-396 on 22 Jul 1892. His position is accurate. Javelle likely discovered this galaxy the previous August, but his position for IC 1333 was 2' too far north, so he apparently thought it was a different galaxy. Most likely, IC 1333 = IC 1334. PGC labels the galaxy as IC 1334, though IC 1333 refers to the earlier observation.
******************************
20 53 06.1 -16 20 08; Cap
Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; faint; very small, round, 15" diameter, low surface brightness but visible continuously, very slightly brighter nucleus. IC 1334 is 12' WNW. BU 154, a 3" pair of mag 9/10 stars, is 11' NNW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1335 = J. 1-397 on 22 Jul
1892. His position is
accurate. HyperLEDA fails to
identify
******************************
20 55 04.9 -18 02 19; Cap
Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 44°
24" (9/5/18): at 225x and 375x; fairly faint, small,
round, 25" diameter, low even surface brightness. An E-W string of stars passes just to
the north of the galaxy. Located
8' SE of mag 5.8 19 Capricorni (
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1336 = J. 1-398 on 17 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
20 56 52.7 -16 35 09; Cap
Size 1.2'x1.1'
24" (9/5/18): at 225x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly
small, round, 25"-30" diameter.
Several mag 13-14 stars are nearby to the west and south and mag 9.7 HD
199296 is 7' S.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1337 = J. 1-399 on 22 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
20 56 57.8 -16 29 33; Cap
Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 6°
24" (9/5/18): at 225x and 375x; very faint, very small, round, 15"-20" diameter, low even surface brightness. It required a careful look to initially notice this galaxy at 225x. Located 5.7' NNE of brighter IC 1337.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1338 = J. 1-400 on 26 Aug
1892. His position is
accurate. HyperLEDA doesn't label
this galaxy as IC 1338 and it was classified as "UNVERIFIED" in
Sinnott's
******************************
20 57 55.5 -17 56 34; Cap
V = 13.3; Size 1.4'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 52°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, diffuse oval glow 3:2 SW-NE, 45"x30", broad weak concentration with a small slightly brighter nucleus with direct vision.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1339 = J. 1-401 on 17 Aug 1891 with the 30" refractor at the Nice Observatory.
Wolfgang Steinicke uncovered that William Herschel made the
original discovery on 29 Sep 1791 during a sweep of the ecliptic with the
40-foot telescope (48-inch mirror).
The discovery (2nd of only 3 objects, along with
******************************
20 56 12 +31 04; Cyg
Size 25'x20'
17.5": this is part of the intricate southern portion
of the eastern arc (
Truman Safford discovered IC 1340 = Sf. 51 on 13 Sep 1866 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory. He noted "possibly connected with h2093 [NGC 6995]." His position is ~1.5' NE of this knot in NGC 6995.
******************************
21 00 16.7 -13 58 35; Aqr
Size 0.9'x0.5'; PA = 61°
24" (7/11/18): at 375x; faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated WSW-ENE, 30"x20", low uniform surface brightness. A mag 14.8 star is close off the south
edge, 40" from center. A mag
9.7 star (
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1341 = J. 1-402, along with
IC 1346 and
******************************
21 00 25.4 -14 29 45; Aqr
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.4'; PA = 74°
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated, slightly brighter nucleus, 24" diameter. Situated just 2.8' SE of a bright mag
8.8 star.
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 30" diameter, very small bright nucleus. Located 2.8' SE of mag 8.8
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1342 = J. 1-403 on 20 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 01 00.7 -15 24 13; Cap
Size 0.9'x0.4'; PA = 173°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; faint, fairly small,
elongated 5:2 N-S, ~25"x10", slightly brighter core.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1343 = J. 1-404 on 4 Aug 1891. There's nothing at his position but just 10 seconds of RA west is this galaxy (matches in declination). Likely he made an error in recording the offset in time.
******************************
21 01 16.5 -13 22 49; Aqr
V = 13.7; Size 1.0'x0.4'; PA = 50°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; faint or fairly faint,
elongated 2:1 SW-NE, low surface brightness, no core or noticeable zones. A faint star is close to the southwest
end. A mag 13.9 star is 1.2' NE
and collinear with the major axis.
First in a group of 9 IC galaxies within 16'! Forms a pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1344 = J. 1-405 on 5 Aug 1891 in a group of galaxies.
******************************
21 01 22.2 -13 23 51; Aqr
Size 0.35'x0.35'
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; extremely to very faint, extremely small, round, 12" diameter. Located 1.7' SE of IC 1344 in a group.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1345 = J. 1-406 on 5 Aug 1891
in a group of galaxies. His
position is accurate. This galaxy
is not in any of the major galaxy catalogues and HyperLeda doesn't label its
******************************
IC 1346 = MCG -02-53-019 = PGC 65927
21 01 37.0 -13 57 38; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.6'
24" (7/11/18): at 375x; faint or fairly faint, fairly small, low uniform surface brightness, 30" diameter. Slightly brighter IC 1350 lies 7.5' NE and slightly fainter IC 1341 is 20' W.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1346 = J. 1-407, along with
******************************
21 01 44.4 -13 18 47; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.6'; PA = 1°
24" (9/23/17): at 375x; faint or fairly faint, fairly small, round, small brighter nucleus, 25" diameter. Situated 1.3' SE of a mag 10.4 star. Located in a group of 9 IC galaxies, including 7 in a chain.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1347 = J. 1-408 on 5 Aug 1891 in a group. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 01 44.1 -13 21 29; Aqr
Size 0.3'x0.2'; PA = 155°
24" (9/23/17): at 375x; faint, small, round, 20" diameter, small bright nucleus (similar to IC 1347). In a group of 9 IC galaxies with brighter IC 1347 2.7' N.
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; very faint, extremely small, round, 10" diameter. Located in the IC 1344 group of 9 IC galaxies.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1348 = J. 1-409 on 5 Aug 1891
in a group of faint galaxies. His
position is accurate. This galaxy is not in any of the major galaxy catalogues
and HyperLeda doesn't label its
******************************
21 01 50.5 -13 15 56; Aqr
Size 0.7'x0.4'; PA = 51°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; very faint, very small, round,
15" diameter, low surface brightness. Located in a small group of 9 IC galaxies with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1349 = J. 1-410 on 6 Aug 1891
in a group of faint galaxies. His
position is 30" too far northwest (same offset as
******************************
IC 1350 = IC 1354 = MCG -02-53-021 = PGC 65939
21 01 52.3 -13 51 10; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 160°
24" (7/11/18): at 375x; fairly faint, small, round, 24" diameter, faint stellar nucleus. IC 1346 lies 7.5' SSW.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1350 = J. 1-411 on 26 Jul 1892. His position is accurate. Javelle discovered this galaxy (along with IC 1346) on 7 Aug 1891, but he misidentified the offset star used for J. 1-415 (later IC 1354), so his position for IC 1346 is not accurate. In any case, IC 1350 = IC 1354.
******************************
21 01 52.4 -13 12 07; Aqr
Size 0.7'x0.2'; PA = 25°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; extremely fant, very small,
slightly elongated SSW-NNE, 0.3'x0.2'.
Apparently I only picked up the core of this edge-on galaxy.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1351 = J. 1-412 on 5 Aug 1891
in a group of faint galaxies. His
position is 30" too far northwest (same offset as IC 1349 and 1355). This
galaxy is not in any of the major galaxy catalogues and HyperLeda doesn't label
its
******************************
21 01 54.9 -13 23 03; Aqr
Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 30°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; very faint, very small slightly elongated, 15"x10" or 15"x12". A mag 14 star is close north [33"]. The DSS and PanSTARRS image shows a mag 15.5 at the south edge. This star was unresolved from the galaxy. Located on the SE side of a group of 9 faint IC galaxies.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1352 = J. 1-413 on 5 Aug 1891
in a group. His position is
accurate. This galaxy is not in any of the major galaxy catalogues and
HyperLeda doesn't label
******************************
21 01 56.3 -13 16 22; Aqr
Size 0.4'x0.3'; PA = 134°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; extremely faint and small, round, only glimpsed occasionally. Located 1.5' ESE of IC 1349 in a group of 9 IC galaxies.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1353 = J. 1-414 on 6 Aug 1891
in a group of faint galaxies. His
position is just off the west side of
******************************
IC 1354 = IC 1350 = MCG -02-53-021 = PGC 65939
21 01 52.3 -13 51 10; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 160°
24" (7/11/18): at 375x; fairly faint, small, round, 24" diameter, faint stellar nucleus. IC 1346 lies 7.5' SSW.
MCG -02-53-022 = FGC 2301, situated 11' NE, appeared faint, very elongated 4:1 NNW-SSE, 40"x10", low even surface brightness.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1354 = J. 1-415, along with
IC 1346, on 7 Aug 1891. There is
nothing at either position, but Harold Corwin found that based on their
relative positions, he misidentified his offset star. Once corrected his offsets for IC 1354 match
******************************
21 01 58.4 -13 10 23; Aqr
Size 0.4'x0.4'
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; very faint or faint, very small, round, 15" diameter. Located at the northeast side of a group of 9 IC galaxies in a 16' diameter (many in a N-S string).
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1355 = J. 1-416 on 6 Aug 1891
in a group of faint galaxies. His
position is 27" too far northwest (same offset as IC 1349 and 1351). This
galaxy is not in any of the major galaxy catalogues and HyperLeda doesn't label
its
******************************
IC 1356 = MCG -03-53-022 = PGC 65965
21 02 53.0 -15 48 41; Cap
Size 0.8'x0.6'; PA = 163°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; between faint and fairly faint, slightly elongated N-S, 20" diameter, very small slightly brighter nucleus. A 10th mag star is 3' WSW. IC 1343 is 36' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1356 = J. 1-417 on 16 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 05 57.3 -10 42 58; Aqr
Size 1.2'x0.6'; PA = 38°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; very faint and small, ~15"
diameter. Generally, I only
noticed the brighter core region, but occasionally it elongated SW-NE,
0.4'x0.3'. Located 6.5' SSE of mag
8.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1357 = J. 1-418 on 13 Sep 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 06 29.4 -16 12 16; Cap
Size 0.5'x0.25'; PA = 30°
24" (9/21/22): faint, small, elongated 2:1 SSW-NNE,
20"x10", small brighter nucleus. Located 17' SW of mag 7.2
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1358 = J. 1-419 on 16 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 08 43.0 +12 29 03; Del
V = 13.8; Size 1.0'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.3; PA = 171°
24" (7/21/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
very elongated 3:1 ~N-S, 50"x16". Unusual appearance with a small, prominent, sharply defined
core. The edge-on arms appeared as
thin, much fainter extensions or wings.
Located 16' SSE of mag 7.7
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1359 = Sw. 9-96 on 11 Sep 1889 and
recorded "eeF; eS; stellar; eF * attached." His position is 40" SW of center of
******************************
21 10 50.3 +05 04 17; Equ
V = 14.6; Size 0.7'x0.3'; PA = 20°
17.5" (7/22/01): extremely faint and small, round,
10" diameter, low surface brightness. A bit easier to view than
17.5" (11/25/00): extremely faint, very small, round, 15" diameter (probably viewed core only), low even surface brightness. A faint star is close NW [34" from center]. A group of 5 mag 12-13 stars (four in a curving string) lie just to the north.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1360 = J. 2-792, along with IC 1361, on 19 Aug 1893.
******************************
IC 1361 = UGC 11692 = MCG +01-54-002 = CGCG 401-005 = PGC 66297
21 11 29.1 +05 03 16; Equ
V = 14.1; Size 0.9'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 45°
17.5" (7/22/01): extremely faint, small, round, 20" diameter, low even surface brightness. Forms a near equilateral triangle with a 30" pair of mag 13 stars 3' WSW and a mag 11.5 star 3' SSE. Located 10' E of IC 1360.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1361 = J. 2-793, along with IC 1360, on 19 Aug 1893.
******************************
21 11 52.6 +02 19 45; Aqr
V = 14.7; Size 0.6'x0.45'; PA = 167°
24" (10/6/18): at 375x; faint, very small, round,
15"-20" diameter, occasionally slightly elongated, low surface
brightness, very small brighter nucleus.
Visible continuously at 375x.
Located 9' ESE of mag 8.6
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1362 = Spitaler 24 on 29 Sep 1891. He described it as "Air good, but a bit hazy. Very faint, round nebula of at most 1/4' diameter; 1/2' NE of the nebula is a mag 14 star. Excentric to the middle, I notice at times a faint star." His position is accurate.
******************************
21 10 40.4 +46 52 11; Cyg
Size 2'x1.5'
24" (9/5/18): at 124x; IC 1363 is an unremarkable group of stars just north of a BD 46°3214, set within an excellent Milky Way field. The BD star is an uncatalogued double consisting of a mag 10/11 pair at ~6" separation and another mag 11 star is 1' NE. Just north of this latter star are several mag 13.5-14.5 stars within a 2' region that apparently caught Espin's eye while sweeping. But the general 50' field is nearly as rich in small clumps and strings of stars.
Rev. Thomas Espin discovered IC 1363 while sweeping for red stars on 9 Sep 1893 with his 17.3-inch Calver reflector. He noted "Faint, extending N. from DM +46 3214, 9.4 mag." The magnitude applies to the star, not the "nebula." On the north side of this brighter star are several very faint stars. Corwin estimates the size of the asterism as ~2' x 1.5'.
******************************
21 13 24.6 +02 46 11; Equ
V = 13.8; Size 1.0'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 130°
17.5" (8/8/02): faint, small, slightly elongated,
0.5'x0.4'. Weak even concentration
to a faint stellar nucleus.
Located 2.7' NW of mag 9.4
17.5" (5/10/91): faint, small, round, small slightly
brighter core. Located 2.6' NW of
mag 9.2 SAO 126626. A mag 8 star
lies 6.5' WNW and a mag 7 star is 12' SW.
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1364 = Sp. 25 on 30 Sep 1891 with the 27-inch refractor at Vienna. Stephane Javelle found it just 3 nights later with the 30-inch refractor at Nice!
******************************
IC 1365 = MCG +00-54-007 = CGCG 375-015 = II Zw 108 = VV 508 = PGC 66381
21 13 56.0 +02 33 56; Equ
V = 13.7; Size 1.1'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 57°
48" (10/27/19): this remarkable, merging galaxy contains
4 distinct nuclei in a nearly 60"x30" glow oriented WSW-ENE. The central two nuclei are separated by
only 7" N-S, but were resolved cleanly at 976x. The fainter southern nuclei was faint, very small, round,
~10" diameter, while the northern core was nearly moderately bright and
~15" diameter. The
outer nuclei were both 20" from the center; the western one (catalogued as
Additional group members are nearby.
24" (10/6/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated, 0.5'x0.4', broad concentration, slightly brighter core. An extremely compact companion (IC 1365 NED02) is at the edge of the halo on the west side. It appeared very faint, round, ~6" diameter. The main glow forms an isosceles triangle with a mag 12 star 1.7' E and a mag 12.4 star 1.7' SSW.
LEDA 1232711, situated 4' NE, appeared very faint (V = 15.2), round, only 12"-15" diameter. An extremely faint star (V = 16.4) is less than 30" E. The galaxy forms the north vertex of an equilateral triangle with two 13th mag stars 1.1' SW and 1.2' S.
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; the main component of this multiple system (IC 1365 NED01) appeared faint, small, slightly elongated ~E-W, 0.4'x0.3', small brighter nucleus. Just at or off the west end [21" between centers] is a faint, extremely small glow (IC 1365 NED02), ~6" diameter. A third component at the east end of the halo was difficult to confirm. The combined glow of the 2 or 3 components extends 40" WSW-ENE.
17.5" (8/8/02): faint, fairly small, slightly elongated, 0.8'x0.6'. Smooth, fairly low surface brightness.
17.5" (5/10/91): very faint, extremely small, round,
almost stellar but there is a faint extension to the west of the core. IC 1364 lies 15' NW and
Edward Swift, Lewis' 20 year-old son, discovered IC 1365 = Sw. 10-48 = Spitaler 26 on 28 Sep 1891 while searching for Comet Tempel-Swift. Rudolph Spitaler independently found the galaxy just two days later at Vienna and noted there appeared to be a second feeble nebula preceding by a few seconds. The SDSS reveals several very faint neighbors within the halo (Spitaler's nebula is IC 1365 NED02).
******************************
21 14 08.0 +01 46 34; Aqr
Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 23°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; faint, small, slightly elongated, ~18" diameter, a very faint star (mag 16.5) is nearly attached at the NE edge. A right triangle of stars (brightest mag 10.7) is close SW.
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1366 = Spitaler 27 on 26 Sep 1891 with the 27-inch refractor at Vienna. He reported (loosely translated), "Faint, irregularly round nebula. Situated between a star 11th mag and a 13th mag. Increases in the middle, a stellar center sometimes seen in the nebula."
******************************
IC 1367 = CGCG 375-019 = PGC 66390
21 14 09.7 +02 59 37; Equ
V = 14.4; Size 0.3'x0.2'
17.5" (5/10/91): very faint, very small, round, very low even surface brightness. A mag 12 star is 1.0' WNW. Located ~15' NW of NGC 7046 and 18' NE of IC 1364.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1367 = J. 1-421 on 30 Sep 1891.
******************************
21 14 12.6 +02 10 41; Aqr
V = 13.4; Size 1.1'x0.35'; Surf Br = 12.1; PA = 47°
48" (10/27/19): at 542x; between moderately bright and fairly bright, fairly large, very elongated 7:2 SW-NE, ~1.0'x0.3', brighter core, hint of structure in the outer extensions. Located 15' WSW of IC 1370. Observed in windy conditions.
24" (9/16/17): at 260x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, oval or spindle 5:2 SW-NE, ~40"x18", weak concentration. IC 1370 lies 15' ENE.
Edward Swift discovered IC 1368 = Sw. 10-49 on 28 Sep 1891 and reported "eeeF; S; R; eee diff.; Found searching for Comet Tempel-Swift." Howe reobserved the galaxy around 1900 and commented "on each two nights I noted it as much elongated at 225° [SW-NE]." Howe's description is accurate.
******************************
21 12 07 +47 46 00; Cyg
V = 8.8; Size 5'
18" (7/30/03): this fairly rich open cluster was picked
up while observing dark nebula
13.1" (9/3/83): 15 faint stars over haze, fairly small, appears rich.
8" (8/12/83, Mt. Hamilton): rich glowing spot with many very faint stars at visual threshold over haze with averted. Also a small group of five stars in the field to the E. A wide pair ß159 = 6.0/7.5 at 135" is in the field 18' WSW.
Carl Frederick Pechüle discovered IC 1369 on 27 Apr 1891 using the 11-inch Merz refractor at the Copenhagen Observatory (1894AN....136..317P). Rev. Thomas Espin independently discovered the cluster on 9 Sep 1893 with his 17 1/4-inch Calver reflector in England and recorded "Faint, large, many small stars."
******************************
IC 1370 = CGCG 375-021 = II Zw 111 = PGC 66418
21 15 14.3 +02 11 31; Aqr
V = 14.6; Size 0.6'x0.4'; PA = 54°
48" (10/29/19): IC 1370 is a multiple system with the largest and brightest galaxy at the east side. At 610x it appeared moderately bright, fairly small, round, fairly high surface brightness, 15"-18" diameter, sharp bright stellar nucleus. A mag 16 star is just 10" E of center and a mag 14.5 star is 0.9' NE. Located 3.5' W of a mag 10 star.
An extremely faint galaxy (V = 17.6) was seen 12" W of
center of IC 1370. In addition,
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; faint, very small, round, 15" diameter. At first I thought it had a faint stellar nucleus, but this a 16th mag star at the east edge. IC 1368 lies 15' W.
24" (8/12/15): at 375x; faint, very small, round, ~10"-12" in diameter. Forms an extremely close "pair" with a mag 16 star [10" east of center], close to the edge of the small halo!
An extremely faint, stellar or nearly stellar object was occasionally glimpsed close to the west [by 24"]. This was probably LEDA 1219013, itself a double system, with a B magnitude close to 17. IC 1370 is located 3.5' S of a mag 9.5 star and the same distance west of a mag 10.1 star, so it forms the southwest vertex of an isosceles right triangle with the two stars.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1370 = J. 1-422 on 5 Oct 1891 and recorded "vF, 2 F st inv". At least one of these "stars" (as in my observation) is likely one of the components of this multiple system. On the SDSS, there are a total of 5 galaxies, with at least 4 apparently interacting.
******************************
21 20 15.6 -04 52 36; Aqr
V = 13.6; Size 1.1'x0.7'; PA = 13°
24" (9/5/18): at 225x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated N-S, ~35"x25", very small slightly brighter nucleus. A trio of stars is 4' W, including two mag 11 stars. IC 1371 is located 22' SW of mag 5.9 16 Aquarii.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1371 = J. 1-423 on 15 Sep 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 20 17.1 -05 36 16; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.6'; PA = 127°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; between faint and fairly faint, elongated NW-SE, 0.4'x0.3', broad mild concentration. Situated 12' SE of 8th mag HD 203000. A 15th mag star is 40" SSE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1372 = J. 1-424 on 19 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 20 37.2 +01 05 33; Aqr
V = 14.2; Size 0.8'x0.7'
24" (9/5/18): at 375x: fairly faint, small, round,
18" diameter. Located 9' S of
mag 8.0
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1373 = Spitaler 28 on 25 Sep 1891. He described "Faint, round nebula of 1/4' diameter and similar to a mag 13 star. Large, fuzzy core = mag 14. There is a whole nest of very faint nebula in this area; the observed one is the northernmost and most easily visible of 3. Since UGC 11724 is just south of IC 1371, he likely saw the UGC.
******************************
21 21 02.6 +01 42 47; Aqr
V = 14.9; Size 0.6'x0.5'
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; faint, small, round,
15" diameter. Situated 1.6'
NW of a mag 9.7 star and 24' NW of mag 6.8
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1374 = J. 1-425 on 5 Oct 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 20 59.8 +03 59 08; Equ
V = 14.2; Size 0.4'x0.4'
17.5" (10/13/01): faint, very small, round, 15" diameter, weak concentration. A mag 14 star lies 2.0' NE. A mag 15 star at the north edge was not seen in mediocre seeing.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1375 = J. 1-426 on 5 Oct 1891.
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21 25 26.6 +04 18 52; Equ
V = 14.1; Size 0.6'x0.4'
17.5" (11/25/00): faint, small, round, 25" diameter, very weak concentration. Forms an obtuse angle with a mag 11 star 4' due south and a mag 10.5 star 5' NE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1377 = J. 1-427 on 9 Oct 1891.
******************************
21 26 01.3 +03 05 51; Equ
V = 14.7; Size 0.7'x0.4'
17.5" (7/22/01): extremely faint, very small, elongated 2:1 ~N-S, 20"x10". Located 1' E of a mag 13.5 star and 1.6' SE a mag 11.5 star.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1379 = J. 1-428 on 29 Jul 1892.
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21 27 11.0 +02 43 04; Peg
V = 14.4; Size 0.6'x0.5'
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; between faint and fairly faint, small, round, at most 0.3' diameter. A 10' string of 7-8 stars oriented SW-NE passes to the SE of the galaxy.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1380 = J. 1-429 on 3 Oct 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 27 33.7 -01 11 19; Aqr
V = 14.5; Size 0.8'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 60°
18" (8/14/07): extremely faint, very small, slightly
elongated SW-NE, 20"x15".
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1381 = J. 1-430, along with IC 1383 and 1385, on 6 Nov 1891.
******************************
21 22 07.5 +18 39 56; Peg
V = 12.9; Size 1.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 12.7
See observing notes for
Truman Safford found IC 1382 = Sf. 55 on 29 Sep 1866 and recorded "pF, pS, iF." There is nothing at his position, but Harold Corwin found his RA is nearly five minutes larger than NGC 7056 and a good match in declination. Although not certain, Corwin concludes "NGC 7056 is probably equal to IC 1382.".
******************************
IC 1383 = CGCG 375-037 = PGC 66792
21 27 39.6 -01 06 08; Aqr
V = 15.4; Size 0.6'x0.2'; PA = 126°
18" (8/14/07): extremely faint and small, 10"x5" NW-SE. Situated between two mag 10.5-11 stars oriented NW-SE with a separation of 4'. Located 5.4' NNE of IC 1381.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1383 = J. 1-431, along with IC 1381 and 1385, on 6 Nov 1891.
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21 27 53.1 -01 22 07; Aqr
V = 14.7; Size 0.6'x0.5'
18" (8/14/07): extremely faint, very small, round, 0.3' diameter, very low even surface brightness. Two mag 15.5 stars are less than 1' W and a third is a 1' NW. Located 17' N of NGC 7069.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1384 = J. 1-432 on 6 Nov 1891. His position is ~1' too far north.
******************************
21 28 51.2 -01 04 12; Aqr
V = 15.0; Size 0.5'x0.5'
18" (8/14/07): extremely faint, very small, round, 21" diameter. Farthest north in a group of 5 IC galaxies to the north of NGC 7069.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1385 = J. 1-433, along with IC 1381 and 1385, on 6 Nov 1891 Discovered by Javelle.
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21 29 37.4 -21 11 44; Cap
V = 13.2; Size 1.1'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 131°
24" (9/8/18): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 25" diameter, broad concetration but no distinct core. A nice pair
of star (~11" separation) lies 3.8' SSW and a wider fainter pair (15"
separation) is 3.0' ENE. Located
3.2° NW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1386 = J. 1-434 on 22 Aug 1892. His position is accurate. It's curious, though, that he described this galaxy as "bi-nuclear or a nebulous double star", as it is only a single E/S0 type.
******************************
21 29 34.5 -01 21 03; Aqr
V = 14.6; Size 0.4'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.0
18" (8/14/07): faint, small, elongated 3:2 SSW-NNE,
24"x16", low even surface brightness. A mag 14 star lies 27" N. Located 28' NE of NGC 7069 and furthest east in a group of 5
IC galaxies discovered by Javelle about 1.5 degrees SW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1387 = J. 1-435 on 6 Nov 1891.
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21 29 52.2 -00 37 53; Aqr
V = 14.1; Size 0.7'x0.35'; PA = 137°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated NNW-SSE, 25"x20", well concentrated with a very small bright core surrounded by a faint, thin halo. Located 54' WNW of the gorgeous globular cluster M2.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1388 = Sw. 10-50 on 8 Sep 1891 and
reported "eF; vS; v wide D * nr nf." His position is 2' SSE of
******************************
21 32 07.8 -18 01 06; Cap
Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 118°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x; very faint, small, roundish, 20" diameter, very low even surface brightness. A mag 14.6 star is 1' E. Saturn was 2° away at the time of this observation.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1389 = J. 1-436 on 25 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
21 32 24.8 -01 51 45; Aqr
V = 14.7; Size 0.6'x0.5'
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; faint, fairly small, very
diffuse, roundish, 0.4' diameter, low even surface brightness. Situated 6' NNE of mag 9.2
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1390 = J. 1-437 on 4 Dec 1891. His position is accurate.
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21 35 00.4 -00 30 41; Aqr
V = 15.0; Size 0.6'x0.45'; PA = 84°
24" (9/8/18): at 260x; very faint, very small, round, 20" diameter, low surface brightness. A mag 15 star is 1' SW. Located only 30' NE of the center of showpiece globular cluster M2.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1391 = J. 1-438 on 3 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
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21 35 32.8 +35 23 53; Cyg
V = 11.5; Size 1.6'x1.3'; Surf Br = 12.2; PA = 75°
24" (10/18/12): fairly bright, moderately large, oval
4:3 WSW-ENE, 0.7'x0.45'. Sharply
concentrated with a high surface brightness 25" core and quasi-stellar
nucleus. The outer halo is much
fainter and extends ~45". A
mag 12.8 star is 50" NE and a similar mag 12.5 star is 40" SW. Several additional stars including a
close double are off the SW side.
17.5" (8/11/96): fairly faint, small, elongated 5:3 SW-NE, 0.8'x0.5', moderately high surface brightness with a brighter core. Situated within a short string of three stars with a mag 12.5 star 0.9' NNE and two mag 12 stars 0.8' and 1.2' SSW. The further southern star has a mag 15 companion close following [9" separation] and there are also two mag 14.5-15.5 stars following the nearer mag 12 star off the south side. Forms a pair with faint UGC 11775 4.2' SE.
17.5" (7/16/93): fairly faint, small, elongated 3:2 WSW-ENE, 0.6'x 0.4'. A mag 13 star is 0.9' NNE of center.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1392 = Sf. 50 on 12 Sep 1866 with the 18.5-inch Clark refractor at the Dearborn Observatory and recorded "pB, very much brighter in the middle, nebulous star." His position is accurate.
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21 40 14.2 -22 24 40; Cap
V = 14.6; Size 0.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 172°
18" (8/9/10): very faint, very small, elongated 3:2
N-S, 24"x16", very weak concentration. This member of ACO S963 is located 2.7' ENE of
18" (8/11/07): very faint, very small, elongated 2:1 N-S, 20"x10", very faint stellar nucleus with direct vision. Located 2.7' ENE of NGC 7104 within cluster ACO S963.
17.5" (10/13/90): very faint, very small, round, small
bright core. Third brightest in
the
Ormond Stone discovered IC 1393 = LM(S) 823 on 16 Oct 1886 with the 26" refractor at Leander-McCormick Observatory. His micrometric position is accurate.
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21 40 13.0 +14 37 59; Peg
V = 13.7; Size 0.9'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 0°
24" (9/16/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 30" diameter, contains a well defined small bright nucleus.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1394 = Sw. 8-100 on 14 Sep 1887 and reported "eF; S; R." His RA is 7 seconds too small, within his usual errors.
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21 41 41.4 +04 06 16; Peg
V = 14.2; Size 0.7'x0.7'
24" (9/21/22): fairly faint (easy in comparison to most Javelle discoveries), small, round, 20" diameter, very small or stellar nucleus. J 1790, a mag 11 pair at 2.3" separation, is 6' NE. It was close, but cleanly resolved at 230x.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1395 = J. 1-439 on 9 Oct 1891. His position is accurate.
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21 39 06 +57 30; Cep
Size 170'x140'
17.5" (8/22/98): the "Elephant's Trunk" is an
unusual cometary globule (associated with star formation) on the west side of
IC 1396, a huge but faint HII complex. The highest contrast was using a UHC
filter at 100x. A 15'x5' lane was
evident oriented WSW-ENE, particularly by gently rocking the scope back and
forth. The "tail" of the globule or elephant's "trunk"
heads west and is weakly illuminated on the edges, particularly on the south
side. Near the "head" is
a mag 9 star (
17.5" (8/12/96): This HII region is most prominent with
a UHC filter at 100x surrounding the triple star (
In the 16x80 finder unfiltered, the entire cluster is clearly encased in a faint glow at least two degrees in diameter though the nebulosity seems to be more prominent along the curving lanes of the cluster. The Daystar 300 filter gives a mild enhancement but dims the stars so the overall view is not as pleasing. Mu Cephei (Herschel's Garnet Star) is at the northeast edge of the nebulosity, ~1.5° from the center.
18" (7/11/10):
16x80 (9/29/84 and 8/26/89): using a UHC filter appears as a very large, irregular nebulous glow (about 2° diameter). Very faint but definite when compared without filter. Surrounds STF 2816 = 5.8/7.7 at 12" and a large, faint, scattered star group. Visible without a filter as an extremely large, hazy region surrounding STF 2816 and fainter stars.
Naked-eye (11/30/21): IC 1396 was a very large, prominent circular glow using a handheld 1x image-intensifier monocular (PVS-14 L3 Gen3 Un-Filmed White Phosphor model) and a narrowband H-alpha filter. The nebula showed darker structure and subtle lanes.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1396 on a photographic plate taken with the Willard lens in 1893. He commented in "Photographic Nebulosities and Star Clusters connected with the Milky Way" (Astr. & Astro-Phys. 13, 177-182 (1894)) that "A magnificent specimen of these [nebulous masses] I have found on one of my plates in Cepheus which was given an exposure of seven hours. This a mixture of bright stars and nebulosity. The diffused portion of this nebulosity conforms in its peculiarities with the general structure of the Milky Way, showing it be actually mixed up with the ground work of star. The brightest star of this group is DM +56° 2617."
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21 44 02.3 -04 53 05; Aqr
V = 14.2; Size 0.8'x0.45'; PA = 171°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; fairly faint,
elongated 2:1 N-S, 25" major axis, good surface brightness, very small
brighter nucleus. A mag 13.6 star
is 2' SSE. Located 10' SW of mag
6.7
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1397 = J. 1-440 on 15 Sep
1892. His position is
accurate. HyperLEDA doesn't
recognized its
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21 45 51.4 +09 28 31; Peg
V = 14.6; Size 0.9'x0.4'; PA = 70°
24" (8/12/18): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated E-W, 0.5'x0.4', diffuse with only a weak concentration. A mag 9.5 star is 2.3' ENE. Located 34' SE of mag 2.4 Enif (Epsilon Peg).
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1398 = Spitaler 29 on 6 Nov
1891. He reported "Very faint
nebula of 1/4' diameter, central condensation = star 15. Slightly fainter than
nebula
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21 46 08.9 +04 24 08; Peg
V = 14.6; Size 0.5'x0.4'; PA = 162°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; faint, small, round, at most
20" diameter, low surface brightness, very small slightly brighter
nucleus. Located 15' W of mag 7.6
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1399 = J. 1-441 on 9 Oct 1891. His position is just off the east side of the galaxy.
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21 46 59.5 +01 42 45; Aqr
V = 13.8; Size 1.8'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 175°
17.5" (8/8/02): fairly faint, moderately large, very elongated 7:2 N-S, 1.1'x0.3', brighter core. A faint star is superimposed on the SE end.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1401 = J. 1-442 on 5 Nov 1891.
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21 50 56.4 -09 16 00; Cap
Size 1.0'x0.8'; PA = 30°
24" (9/21/22): relatively bright for a Javelle
discovery (30" refractor), between fairly faint and moderately bright,
round, 25" diameter, well concentrated with a small bright nucleus. Located 18' SSE of mag 6.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1404 = J. 1-444 on 27 Aug
1892. His position is
accurate. This galaxy is missing
from the PGC and HyperLEDA doesn't recognize
******************************
21 50 49.8 +02 01 15; Aqr
V = 13.8; Size 0.9'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 115°
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, weak concentration. A mag
13.5/14.5 double star (~8" separation) lies 45" NW. Forms a pair with
17.5" (8/8/02): very faint, very small, round. A very faint close double star is just off the NW edge [40" from the center]. Forms a pair with IC 1406 4.2' ESE, which was not seen.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1405 = J. 1-445 on 5 Nov 1891
. MCG misidentifies
******************************
IC 1406 = CGCG 376-038 = PGC 67478
21 51 04.9 +01 59 13; Aqr
V = 14.6; Size 0.6'x0.45'; PA = 65°
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; faint, small, round, 20" diameter. Forms a pair with slightly brighter and larger IC 1405, which is situated 4.2' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1406 = J. 1-446 on 5 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
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21 52 23.4 +03 25 38; Peg
Size 0.6'x0.5'
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; faint or fairly faint, small,
round, 24" diameter, very faint stellar nucleus. This is a double system (
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1407 = J. 1-447 on 4 Aug
1892. His position is 45" too
far south (probably due to an error in the position of his offset star). RNGC, PGC and HyperLEDA misidentify IC
1407 as
******************************
21 53 09.0 -13 20 48; Cap
Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 36°
24" (11/15/22): at 327x; fairly faint, elongated nearly 2:1 SW-NE, ~35"x20". Contains a very small bright nucleus that is nearly stellar. Located 12' NNW of mag 5.1 Mu Capricorni. A distinctive arc of four mag 10.5-11.5 stars extends from 2' E to 3.5' N.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1408 = J. 1-448 on 2 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
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21 56 02.1 -02 54 01; Aqr
V = 13.9; Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 132°
24" (11/15/22): at 327x; faint, small, slightly
elongated, ~20"x15", even surface brightness, visible
continuously. Situated 11' NE of
mag 8.1
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1410 = J. 1-450 on 19 Sep
1892. His position is accurate.
This galaxy is not included in the original PGC and HyperLEDA doesn't identify
******************************
21 56 00.6 -01 31 01; Aqr
V = 14.2; Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 38°
24" (8/12/18): at 375x; moderately bright, fairly small, compact, slightly elongated, 20" diameter, sharply concentrated with a very bright small core. The core is surrounded by a very low surface brightness but it was too faint to estimate a size or orientation. A mag 14.8 star is 50" NE of center.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1411 = J. 1-451 on 6 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
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21 58 18.5 -17 10 34; Cap
Size 1.3'x0.6'; PA = 102°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; fairly faint, very elongated 3:1 ~E-W, 0.9'x0.3', fairly strong bright core. A 15th mag star is just off the NE edge.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1412 = J. 1-452 on 26 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
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21 58 18.0 +08 25 26; Peg
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, small, round,
very small bright core, high surface brightness, 25" diameter. Brightest in a trio (WBL 675) with CGCG
403-007 3.3' SSW and
CGCG 403-010: faint, small, round, low surface brightness, 25" diameter.
Rudlolph Spitaler discovered IC 1414 = Spitatler 30 on 25
Oct 1891 and reported "sky conditions excellent. Very faint, round nebula
of 1/4' diameter. About 20" south of it, a little ahead, is a mag 15 star
and further south a mag 13.5 star."
There is nothing at his position, though preceding are 3 CGCG galaxies,
with MCG (and apparently PGC) selecting 403-010 as IC 1414. But Harold Corwin recomputed the
position using accurate coordinates for the offset star, and found it fell
close to
******************************
21 58 42.4 +01 21 26; Aqr
17.5" (11/28/97): a mag 15-15.5 star was observed at Bigourdan's position.
By coincidence there is an 18th magnitude galaxy close southeast of this star which I could not see and this galaxy is certainly too faint to have been detected by Bigourdan.
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1415 = Big. 229, along
with
******************************
22 00 21.6 -13 08 50; Aqr
V = 13.7; Size 1.4'x0.4'; PA = 109°
24" (9/22/17): at 260x and 375x; fairly faint, fairly
small, very elongated, 3:1 or 7:2 WNW-ESE, 0.9'x0.3', contains a small brighter
elongated core with faint extensions, a mag 15 star is at or just off the ESE
end. Located 12' NW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1417 = J. 1-454 on 4 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
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22 01 59.9 +04 23 04; Peg
V = 14.6; Size 0.9'x0.9'; Surf Br = 14.1
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; faint, fairly small, round, low
surface brightness, 25" diameter.
Situated 5' S of mag 8.3
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1418 = J. 1-455 on 9 Oct 1891. His position is accurate.
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22 02 31.7 +19 45 02; Peg
V = 13.1; Size 1.4'x1.3'; Surf Br = 13.6
24" (9/27/14): at 375x I found the view of this object confusing. It generally appeared fairly faint to moderately bright, fairly small, generally oval E-W, ~30"x20". But sometimes it appeared elongated 2:1 at 40"x20", with a brighter knot, just east of center, which seemed like a very compact nucleus (or a merged companion). A mag 13.5 star is 0.6' N.
17.5" (7/27/95): faint, small, elongated 3:2 E-W,
30"x20", broad very weak concentration with no distinct core. A mag 13.5 star lies 30" N of
center. There appears to a
brighter spot at the east end. This is a compact companion listed in NED as IC
1420 NED02 and in LEDA as
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1420 = Sw. 9-97 on 18 Sep 1889 and
recorded "eeF; pS; R; bet 2 nr F stars in meridian." His position is 19 sec of RA due west
of
******************************
22 03 00.1 +02 35 56; Peg
V = 15.2; Size 0.5'x0.3'
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; very faint, very small, round,
only 12" diameter. A mag 14
star is 1.4' SE and a mag 15.3 star is 1.0' NW. Brighter
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1422 = J. 2-794, along with IC 1425 and 1428, on 19 Aug 1893. His position is less than 30" too far north, although neither CGCG, PGC or HyperLEDA linked IC 1422 with their equivalent catalog entries.
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IC 1423 = UGC 11883 = MCG +01-56-010 = CGCG 403-018 = PGC 67931
22 03 12.7 +04 17 51; Peg
V = 14.3; Size 0.9'x0.45'
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; faint, fairly small, very elongated 5:2 SW-NE, 0.6'x0.25'. Appears as a dim, uniform "slash" (perhaps the bar). Located 8' SW of mag 8.3 HD 209472. IC 1418 lies 19' WNW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1423 = J. 1-458 on 9 Oct 1891. His position is accurate.
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IC 1425 = CGCG 377-018 = PGC 67939
22 03 24.5 +02 35 42; Peg
V = 14.0; Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 25" diameter, gradually increases to a very small bright nucleus. IC 1422 lies 6' W and IC 1428 is 16' ENE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1425 = J. 3-795, along with IC 1422 and 1428, on 19 Aug 1893. His position is accurate.
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22 03 35.2 +15 06 24; Peg
V = 13.7; Size 1.0'x0.8'; PA = 103°
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 25" diameter, small bright core, occasional stellar nucleus. Surrounded by several mag 15 stars. A mag 10.7 star is 3.3' W and a nice asterism with 9 stars in a 2' group lies ~10' W.
Truman Safford discovered IC 1427 = Sf. 52 on 14 Sep 1866 and reported "vF, vS, Neb M[iddle]." His position is 15 seconds of RA too far west. There are no other nearby galaxies so this identification is secure.
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22 04 27.7 +02 37 51; Peg
V = 15.2; Size 0.7'x0.35'; PA = 61°
24" (9/5/18): at 375x; very faint, very small, elongated 3:2 SW-NE, 25"x15", low surface brightness. A mag 14.5 star is 45" S and a mag 9.5 star is 3' SW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1428 = J. 2-79, along with IC 1422 and 1425, on 19 Aug 1893. His position is accurate.
******************************
22 07 29.8 -13 34 52; Aqr
Size 0.5'x0.4'; PA = 55°
24" (9/7/18): very faint, small, round, 20"
diameter, low surface brightness.
Located 5.5' W of mag 8.8
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1430 = J. 1-460, along with
IC 1431, on 26 Aug 1892. There is
nothing at either of his positions, but apparently he made a 1.0 minute error
in RA (too large). I found he
misidentified his offset star, which was
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IC 1431 = MCG -02-56-015 = PGC 68087
22 07 39.6 -13 30 48; Aqr
Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (9/7/18): very faint, small, round, 30", diffuse, low surface brightness. A faint mag 15 star is 1' W. Forms a similar pair with IC 1431 4.8' SSW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1431 = J. 1-461, along with IC 1430, on 26 Aug 1892. See IC 1430.
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22 12 10.6 -12 45 56; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.4'; PA = 99°
24" (11/15/22): at 327x; faint, fairly small, elongated E-W, 20" diameter, irregular surface brightness. Not difficult with averted. Situated on a line between two mag 12.4 stars 2' NNE and 3' SSW.
Checking images later, this is a double or triple system oriented E-W as described above. The two nuclei are separated by just 10".
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1433 = J. 1-462 on 2 Nov 1891. He described it as "faint, small, elongated in the sense of the diurnal movement [east-west], with condensation." IC 1433 is a contact triple with the two main components elongated E-W as in Javelle's description.
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22 10 27 +52 50.4; Lac
Size 8'
17.5" (7/29/92): about 100 stars in a 15' diameter. Three mag 9 stars form a triangle on the south side. The extensions almost fill the 20' field. Long sprays of stars intersect near the center at a mag 10.5 star. A long ray extends ENE for 11' and contains 30 stars. A ray to the WSW of 11' length has 16 stars including a close triple star. There are two more sprays to the NW of 6' length. The cluster has no distinct borders. The surrounding Lacerta Milky Way region was breathtaking, scanning with a 20 mm Nagler. Located 2.1° WNW of mag 4.4 Beta Lacertae.
8" (8/12/83): ~50 stars at 200x, over haze, includes two strings on the east side, brighter stars at the south edge.
Rev. Thomas Espin discovered IC 1434 around 1893 with his 17.3-inch Calver reflector at his private observatory in England while sweeping for red stars. He recorded "A remarkable cluster with six distinct radiating branches. Stars from 12 to 15." His rough position is fairly accurate. IC 1434 was confirmed as an open cluster in 2011A&A...530A..32B ("Star clusters or asterisms? 2MASS CMD and structural analyses of 15 challenging targets.") at a distance of roughly 8500 +/- 2000 light years.
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22 13 26.3 -22 05 48; Aqr
Size 1.1'x0.7'; PA = 9°
24" (9/6/18): at 282x; moderately bright, fairly small, elongated 3:2 N-S, 30"x20", contains a round brighter core.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1435 = J. 1-463 on 25 Jul 1892. His position is accurate.
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22 15 45.1 +02 03 57; Lac
V = 13.5; Size 1.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.2
17.5" (8/8/02): fairly faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated, 0.8'x0.7', weak concentration.
Located 7.6' NE of mag 8.2
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1437 = J. 1-465 on 5 Nov 1891.
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22 16 29.1 -21 25 50; Aqr
V = 11.7; Size 2.4'x2.0'; Surf Br = 13.3
24" (8/16/12): fairly bright, fairly large, sharply
concentrated with a small very bright 20" core. The core is surrounded by a large, roundish halo with a
fairly even surface brightness, ~1.5' diameter.
17.5" (7/25/95): moderately bright, moderately large, round, 1.5' diameter, even concentration to a bright core and faint, stellar nucleus. A nearly perfect rectangle of mag 13 stars with sides of 2'x1.5' precedes by 4'. Forms a pair with IC 1439 4.2' SE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1438 = J. 1-466, along with IC 1439, on 20 Jul 1892 with the 30-inch f/23 Henry Bros. refractor at the Nice Observatory.
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IC 1439 = ESO 602-002 = KTS 68B = PGC 68476
22 16 40.1 -21 29 09; Aqr
V = 13.7; Size 1.3'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 27°
24" (8/16/12): fairly faint, fairly small, oval 3:2 SSW-NNE, ~30"x20". Fainter of a pair with IC 1438 4.2' NW.
17.5" (7/25/95): very faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 SSW-NNE, 1.0'x0.5', slightly brighter core. Forms a pair with brighter IC 1438 4.2' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1439 = J. 1-467, along with IC 1438, on 20 Jul 1892.
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22 16 33.2 -16 00 59; Aqr
Size 1.3'x0.35'; PA = 76°
24" (11/15/22): at 327x; fairly faint, contains a
bright core ~15" diameter.
With averted vision, thin "wings" extend ~~E-W, increasing the
size to 45"x15". A mag
10.7 star is 4' WNW. IC 1440 is
located 13' WSW of mag 7.1
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1440 = J. 1-468 on 25 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
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22 15 19.2 +37 18 06; Lac
V = 14.7; Size 1.0'x0.5; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 35°
17.5" (7/15/93): third of 7 in the
17.5" (7/28/92): extremely faint, very small, elongated
2:1 SSW-NNE. A mag 11 star is 2'
W. Forms a close pair with
brighter NGC 7240 1.2' SE.
Faintest in the NGC 7242 group with NGC 7242 4' E and
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1441 = Big. 233 on 5 Dec 1888 with the 12" refractor at Lick Observatory. It is shown on his discovery sketch of IC 5192, 5192, 5193, and labeled as nebula "e". Bigourdan independently discovered this galaxy on 25 Sep 1889 and measured an accurate position. As Barnard's sketch wasn't published until 1906, Bigourdan was unaware of his observation and Bigourdan was credited with the discovery in the IC 1.
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22 15 59 +53 59 06; Lac
V = 9.1; Size 3.5'
17.5" (8/5/94): about three dozen stars in a
distinctive curving row oriented SW-NE about 4' diameter with fainter loops at
both ends. A mag 9 star
Rev. Thomas Espin discovered IC 1442 in 1893 with his 17.25-inch Calver reflector at his private observatory in England (no specific day given in his discovery paper). He recorded "haze round some dozen faint stars." His position is about 5' too far northeast and this error was repeated in modern sources.
Cederblad catalogued this object as
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22 19 03.7 -20 56 24; Aqr
V = 12.5; Size 1.5'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 42°
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, small, round,
24" diameter, moderate concentration to a small bright core and stellar
nucleus. Located 9' NE of mag 8.6
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1443 = J. 1-469 on 22 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
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22 22 23.9 +05 08 21; Peg
V = 14.3; Size 0.6'x0.5'; PA = 5°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; extremely faint, round, 20" diameter, very low surface brightness. I could only hold it for a couple of seconds at a time. A mag 11.5 star is 5.6' WNW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1444 = J. 1-470 on 1 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
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22 25 30.3 -17 14 36; Aqr
V = 12.7; Size 1.5'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 80°
18" (10/16/09): fairly faint, fairly small, round, 25" diameter. Contains a bright stellar nucleus or a faint star is superimposed.
Ormond Stone discovered IC 1445 = LM(S) 833 on 13 Oct 1887
with the 26" refractor at Leander-McCormick Observatory. The position was
measured several times and the offsets point directly to
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22 29 59.8 -05 07 12; Aqr
V = 12.8; Size 1.4'x0.8'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 100°
24" (9/27/14): moderately bright, oval 5:3 ~E-W,
50"x30", fades out at east and west ends, broad concentration. Contains a large, bulging brighter core
but no obvious nucleus. Located
1.4' S of mag 9.3
Edward Swift discovered IC 1447 = Sw. 10-51 on 29 Sep 1891 and recorded "eeeF; pS; R; Munich 12516 3' n; Found searching for Comet Tempel-Swift." The position is 3.6' too far east-southeast. This was apparently the last object that 20 year old Edward discovered using his father's 16" refractor. Herbert Howe measured an accurate RA (13 seconds of time further east than Swift).
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22 34 32.1 -12 56 02; Aqr
V = 13.7; Size 1.3'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 145°
24" (9/29/16): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small, 25"-30" diameter, slightly elongated, reasonably high surface brightness. Gradually increases to a very small brighter nucleus. Resides in a barren star field.
17.5" (9/15/90): faint, small, round, bright core.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1448 = J. 472 on 2 Nov 1891. His position matches
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22 46 07.5 -10 22 10; Aqr
V = 14.5; Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; between faint and fairly faint,
elongated 2:1 (this impression is probably due to a faint star at the SW edge),
20"-25" diameter, slightly brighter nucleus. Located 38' N of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1451 = J. 1-474 on 13 Sep 1892. His position is accurate.
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22 45 59.2 +10 52 03; Peg
V = 14.7; Size 0.75'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.0; PA = 166°
24" (10/1/16): at 260x; with direct vision a sharp mag
14.5-14.8 "star" is easily visible. But averted vision revealed the sharp stellar nucleus of
this galaxy is surrounded by a very small halo, ~6"-8" diameter. The halo was not difficult to pick out
with averted once noticed. IC 1452
forms a close pair (less than 1' NNW) with
24" (7/29/16): at 260x; faint, virtually stellar (uncertain if a star). IC 1452 forms a double system with NGC 7374 [centers separated by 56"]. Apparently I only viewed the stellar nucleus of this galaxy.
17.5" (8/20/88): very faint, extremely small, round. Forms a double system with NGC 7374 57" SSE.
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1452 = Big. 235 on 10 Oct
1890. Both Malcolm Thomson and
Harold Corwin noticed a six-degree error in the IC polar distance compared to
Bigourdan's original position (1860 coordinations) in his 5th Comptes Rendus
list. Once corrected, his position
matches
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22 46 54.2 -13 26 59; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.7'; PA = 157°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; faint, oval 4:3 N-S, 30" diameter, low surface brightness, diffuse. A N-S string of 3 mag 14-14.5 stars is close, with the mag 14.5 star 1.5' NE. A group of 4 mag 8.5-9.5 stars is ~30' WSW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1453 = J. 1-475 on 3 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
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22 42 25.0 +80 26 32; Cep
V = 14.4; Size 34"x31"
24" (10/3/13): at 225x using an NPB filter, IC 1454
(
18" (10/13/07): easily swept up at 175x, located 4' W
of mag 7.0
18" (10/9/04): easily picked up at 73x just 4' WNW of a 7th magnitude star as a small, well-defined disc. Visible unfiltered at 160x; a couple of mag 14/15 stars are barely off the NE edge of the planetary and a 13th magnitude star lies 1' SE. Good contrast gain with OIII filter. The disc was perfectly round, ~25" diameter with a very crisp edge. The surface brightness appeared a bit irregular but could not verify annularity at this power.
17.5" (10/13/01): picked up at 100x without filter as a faint, small disc situated 4' WNW of a mag 7 star. Excellent contrast gain with an OIII filter and appears as a round, 25" crisp-edged disc. At 220x without filter a faint mag 14/15 pair is at the NE edge. Very nice view using a UHC filter at 140x-220x; the PN was slightly elongated ~E-W but no other details are visible.
17.5" (8/8/91): moderately bright, fairly small, almost
round, slightly elongated E-W, 30" diameter. A faint double star mag 14/15 is at the NE edge. Located 3.8' WNW of mag 7
14.5" (9/29/21): easily seen unfiltered at 87x as a small evenly lit disc, just 4' W of a mag 7 star. A mag 13 star is close SE [1.0' from center]. Adding an OIII filter produced an excellent contrast gain and a fairly bright disc. The circumference was sharply defined at 140x with a UHC fiilter and a 14th mag star was noted at the NE edge. Increasing to 264x, a 15th mag companion [~14" separation] emerged.
13.1" (8/11/85): at 88x and OIII filter, fairly faint, fairly small, round. Located 4' W of a mag 7 star that detracts from viewing. At 166x with a UHC filter; easy to view, moderately large. Two very faint stars are involved near the NE edge.
William Denning discovered IC 1454 on 9 Aug 1891 with his 10-inch With-Browning reflector (announced in Observatory, 15, 104). He noted it was "rather a difficult object, except on a good night, though I picked it up with a power of only 40. It is noteworthy as being situated in the midst of a region containing very few nebulae." IC 1454 was found by Abell in 1955 on the POSS and listed as #67 of 73 new planetary nebulae. Abell was aware of the earlier IC designation but included it in his list as it wasn't previously recognized as a planetary. In his second list (1966) IC 1454 was renumbered as Abell 81.
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22 53 46.1 +01 22 19; Psc
V = 13.5; Size 1.0'x0.6'; PA = 35°
24" (9/6/18): at 375x; moderately bright, fairly small,
round, 25" diameter, moderate surface brightness, contains a small
brighter nucleus. A mag 14 star
1.2' SW and a mag 12 star 1.9' SW are collinear with the galaxy. Located 27' NE of
Sherburne Burnham discovered IC 1455 on 23 Sep 1891 with the
36-inch Lick refractor. While
searching for
Spitaler found it again just two weeks later on 6 Oct with the 27-inch refractor at Vienna University Observatory. Spitaler reported, "Faint, round nebula of 1/4' - 1/2' diameter, brighter middle, forming a right-angled triangle with two stars mag 11 with the nebula at the right angle. Between the nebula and the preceding star 11 there is a star 12 closer to the star than to the nebula. I do not see the nebula NGC 7403. It's curious that Coolidge did not notice my nova; or is NGC 7403 identical to the Nova?" But Coolidge's object is probably a single star, like all his other reported discoveries.
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22 56 41.4 -07 22 45; Aqr
V = 13.6; Size 1.3'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 144°
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; faint or fairly faint, low
surface brightness patch, irregularly round, ~0.6' diameter, slightly irregular
surface brightness but no distinct core. Appears to be a face-on late-type
spiral. Located 10' E of mag 9.5
18" (10/25/03): very faint, small, elongated 3:2
NNW-SSE, 1.0'x0.7', low even surface brightness. A 15' string of stars oriented SW-NE with mag 9.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1458 = J. 1-477 on 17 Sep
1892. His position is
accurate. This may be an
independent discovery of
Ormond Stone discovered NGC 7441 = LM 1-260 in 1886 with the
26" refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. He recorded "mag 14.0, 0.8' dia, irregularly round, *10
preceding." Stone's rough
position (RA to the nearest minute and Dec marked as uncertain) happens to land
just 14 seconds of RA east of
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22 57 10.5 -36 27 45; Gru
V = 10.0; Size 5.2'x3.8'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 40°
24" (8/1/19): extremely bright, large, slightly
elongated, very sharp concentration with an intensely bright core and a very
diffuse outer halo that fades out slowly, ~3.5'x3.0'. Bracketed by two mag 11/12 stars ~3' W and ~3' E. Brightest
in the Grus Chain and forms an excellent pair with
18" (10/25/08): very bright, fairly large, elongated 4:3 SW-NE, sharply concentrated with a very bright core. The brightest portion of the halo extends 1.5'x1.1' and this is surrounded by a much dimmer outer envelope. Bracketed by a mag 11 star 3' WNW of center and a mag 12 star 2.7' E. This member of the Grus Chain of 9 galaxies is possibly the brightest southern galaxy missed by John Herschel.
17.5" (8/6/97): bright, fairly large, elongated ~5:4 SW-NE. Well concentrated and dominated by a large, bright core. The halo is quite extensive with averted vision and the dimensions are ~3.5'x3.0'. Situated between a mag 11 star 3' WNW and a mag 12 star a similar distance following. Brightest in a group including IC 5264 just 6' SSW.
17.5" (7/22/87): bright, fairly small, very bright core, slightly elongated halo SW-NE. Located midway between a mag 11 star 3.0' WNW and mag 12 star 2.7' E. Brightest in a large group of galaxies situated in a string N-S with IC 5264 6' SSW.
13.1" (10/20/84): bright, small, round, small bright
nucleus, two stars at equal distance WNW and E. Much easier than nearby
8" (8/1/19): bright, moderately large, round, at least 1.5' diameter, sharp concentration with a very bright round core.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1459 on 13 Dec 1889 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. While searching for Brorsen's Comet (5D/Brorsen), he ran across IC 1459 and several other NGC galaxies. A position computed the next night is just 40" south of center. Barnard published the discovery in a short note titled "An unsuccessful search for Brorsen's Comet 1889-90" in Astronomische Nachrichten 125, 43 (1890). He mentions on the night of December 13th, "several unrecorded nebulae found. One of these, in wide field with [NGC] 7418 and 7421 but not in NGC, deserves special notice. It was small, about 1/2' in diameter, cometary and rather brighter, with a 12m nucleus." He added "Careful filar-micrometer observations were made of it and will be printed in a list of nebulae measured here", but apparently this never occurred. Two nights later he discovered IC 5264 when he reobserved the field.
Lewis Swift independently discovered the galaxy on 10 Jun
1896 (other dates given in different publications) and described Sw. 11-220
(later
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22 57 04.1 +04 40 37; Psc
V = 14.1; Size 0.6'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.5; PA = 157°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; between faint and fairly faint, slightly elongated, pretty diffuse, broad weak concentration, 20" diameter. Bracketed by two mag 14-15 stars 1.4' W and 1.7' E.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1460 = J. 1-478 on 9 Oct 1891. His position is accurate.
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22 58 34.3 +15 10 22; Peg
V = 14.4; Size 0.55'x0.5'
24" (9/23/17): at 200x-375x; fairly faint, small, round, 24" diameter, very small brighter nucleus.
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, small, irregular
round, 20" diameter, slightly brighter nucleus, irregular halo? Located 8' SE of mag 8.6
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1461 = Sw. 9-98 on 20 Oct 1889 and
reported "eeeF; vS; R."
There is nothing at his position, but 10' north is
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23 03 11.6 -08 59 27; Aqr
V = 13.8/14.4; Size 0.8'
24" (9/7/18): IC 1464 is a a very close pair of
elongated spirals (20" between centers) and the two components were often
resolved at 375x.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1464 = J. 1-479 on 2 Nov 1891. His position is accurate. This is a contact pair of elongated spirals and Javelle noted it appeared to be double.
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23 03 39.1 -02 46 32; Psc
V = 13.8; Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (9/6/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated, 30"x25", weak concentration.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1466 = J. 1-480 on 7 Nov
1891. His position is
accurate. This galaxy is not
included in the original PGC and HyperLEDA doesn't identify
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IC 1467 = MCG -01-58-017 = PGC 70413
23 04 49.7 -03 13 47; Psc
V = 14.4; Size 0.8'x0.35'; PA = 3°
24" (9/6/18): at 375x; faint or fairly faint, elongated 5:3 N-S, ~35"x20", even surface brightness. Forms a pair (similar redshift) with IC 1468 4.7' ENE. IC 1466 lies 33' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1467 = J. 1-481, along with nearby IC 1468, on 19 Sep 1892. His position is accurate.
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IC 1468 = MCG -01-58-019 = PGC 70429
23 05 07.6 -03 12 16; Psc
V = 14.1; Size 1.2'x0.7'; PA = 151°
24" (9/6/18): at 375x; faint or fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated NNW-SSE, 35"x25", weak concentration. Forms a pair with IC 1467 4.7' WSW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1468 = J. 1-482, along with nearby IC 1467, on 19 Sep 1892. His position is accurate.
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23 05 10.3 +60 14 37; Cep
Size 1.2'x0.75'
18" (9/24/05): small, high surface brightness elongated glow extending from an 11th magnitude star. At 115x, the nebulosity was not noticeably enhanced with an OIII filter but the UHC filter improved the contrast. Easily takes 225x and the oval nebula appears to hang to the south-southeast of the bright star. A faint, close, equal mag double (STI 1138 = 12.7/12.7 at 4.6") lies 2' west. A fairly striking, uncatalogued 5'x4' ring of stars follows by 9'. The NW star in the ring (QT Cep) is encased in a faint glow (BFS 17).
18" (8/17/04): at 220x, this is a fairly bright, moderately large, 1' tear-shaped glow extending from a 12th magnitude star. Nebulosity extends most south and SE of the star. A close, faint double star lies 1.9' W. Several extremely faint stars are nearby, including one just off the SE edge and one close NE.
17.5" (10/30/99): picked up at 100x using an OIII filter as a small, bright glow surrounding a mag 12 star. Best view at 280x unfiltered. The involved star is attached at the north edge and the 1' oval nebula appears to hang off the south side of the star. Close west is a very close, evenly matched faint double star!
13.1" (9/22/84): appears as a mag 12 star with a faint but easily visible oval nebula surrounding the star. Extends mainly SE with the 12th magnitude star at the tip. Visible without a filter. Similar to Hubble's Variable Nebula.
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1470 = Sp 62 on 20 Mar 1892 while observing Comet 1892 II (Denning). Both Carl Frederick Pechüle, as well as E.E. Barnard (AN 3110 and AJ 11), also found this emission nebula visually just a day later while observing the comet! Barnard called it a "a nebula about 12th mag. It is about 1/2' in diameter, and has a very small and very stellar nucleus of about 12th magnitude."
IC 1470 was listed as a planetary nebula in 1962 and was misclassified as a planetary in Becvar's "Atlas of the Heavens" and the first edition of Tirion's Sky Atlas 2000.0.
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23 08 44.8 -12 38 22; Aqr
Size 0.8'x0.4'; PA = 169°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x; fairly faint, elongated nearly
2:1 N-S, ~40" in length, very small brighter nucleus. A mag 8.8 star (
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1471 = J. 1-484 on 2 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
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23 09 06.7 +17 15 33; Peg
V = 14.1; Size 0.9'x0.4'
18" (10/19/06): very faint, very small, slightly elongated ~E-W, 0.3'x0.2', weak concentration, occasional very faint stellar nucleus with direct vision. Located 4.5' ENE of mag 10.3 DY Peg (well studied short period Delta Scuti variable (105 min period).
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1472 = Sp 32 on 25 Oct 1891 with the 27-inch refractor at the Vienna Observatory. He reported finding a "Round nebula of 1/4' diameter, bright core. A mag 13 star is 1.5' northeast, a mag 15 is southeast of the nebula, so that the two stars form a equilateral triangle with the nebula.
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23 11 05.4 +29 38 36; Peg
V = 13.5; Size 2.0'x1.0'; PA = 176°
24" (9/7/18): at 375x; either fairly faint or
moderately bright, elongated 5:3 N-S, 50"x30". Contains a brighter, roundish nucleus
with an irregular surface brightness [SDSS shows it as knotty]. Surrounded by three mag 14-15 stars
about 1' N, SW and SSE. Located
20' E of mag 6.6
Truman Safford discovered IC 1473 = Sf. 58 on 1 Oct 1866 and remarked, "F, pS, F gradually brighter middle." His position is just off the southeast end of the galaxy.
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23 12 51.3 +05 48 23; Psc
V = 13.9; Size 1.0'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 149°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; fairly faint (readily
seen), very elongated 5:2 NNW-SSE, ~40"x16", slightly brighter
center. Situated 7' NW of mag 8.9
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1474 = Spitaler 33 on 6 Oct 1891 and noted "Pale, round nebula of 1/2' diameter, gradually brighter towards the center." His position is accurate.
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23 14 16.3 +30 33 05; Peg
V = 14.1; Size 0.8'x0.7'
24" (9/7/18): at 375x; faint, small, round, 25",
low even surface brightness. The
view is somewhat confused by nearby faint stars; a mag 15/16 pair is at the NW
edge of the halo and a mag 16 star is at the SW edge. Located 42' SE of
Truman Safford discovered IC 1476 = Sf. 59 on 1 Oct 1866
with a Clark 18.5-inch refractor and questioned if it was "a small
cluster?" There is nothing at his position, but exactly 1 minute of RA
preceding is
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23 17 12.0 -06 54 43; Aqr
V = 14.2; Size 1.0'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 34°
17.5" (7/25/95): faint, small, round, 30" diameter, very weak concentration. Located nearly at the midpoint of two mag 13.5 stars 1.1' W and 1.4' E. Two similar star are also 1.3' S and 2.3' SE. The PGC magnitude (B = 12.9) appears to be too bright.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1477 = J. 485 on 16 Sep 1892. His position corresponds with PGC
70932. This galaxy was discovered
by Francis Leavenworth on 28 Sep 1886, though his rough RA is 1.5 minutes too
small. Harold Corwin checked
Leavenworth's sketched and confirmed it matches
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23 18 13.9 +10 17 54; Peg
V = 13.7; Size 1.4'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 30°
17.5" (11/18/95): faint, small, elongated 2:1 ~N-S,
0.8'x0.4', broad weak concentration.
The outer halo increases in size with averted vision. Brightest in a quartet (WBL 706) with
IC's 5305, 5306, 5307.
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1478 = Big. 239 on 22 Aug 1889. His position matches UGC 12485 = PGC 70991. This galaxy was originally discovered by Common in August 1880, but his position (estimated using setting circles) is 6' too far southeast. All modern galaxy catalogues (as well as HyperLeda) identify this galaxy as IC 1478.
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23 18 46.4 -10 23 57; Aqr
V = 13.6; Size 1.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 18°
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, slightly brighter nucleus, 30" diameter halo increases with averted
vision. A mag 15 star is 1.2'
E.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1479 = J. 1-486 on 13 Sep 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
23 19 25.1 +05 54 22; Psc
Size 0.8'x0.7'
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, fairly high surface brightness, 25" diameter, well concentrated
with a very small bright core.
Situated 1.5' NW of mag 8.4
Rudolph Spitaler discovered IC 1481 = Spitaler 34 on 9 Oct 1891 and reported "Very faint, round nebula of 1/4' diameter. Found on 9 October 1891.
******************************
23 20 49.5 +01 44 21; Psc
V = 14.1; Size 0.8'x0.6'; PA = 135°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; faint but readily visible, small, round, slightly brighter center, 0.3' diameter.
Member of a galaxy group (USGC U843) that includes
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1482 = J. 1-487 on 5 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
23 22 33.1 +11 19 44; Peg
V = 14.4; Size 0.6'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.1
17.5" (9/7/96): very faint, small, round, 30"
diameter, low even surface brightness.
Located 8' N of mag 8.3
Stephane Javelle found IC 1483 = J. 798 on 2 Dec 1893. His position matches
******************************
23 22 39.9 +11 23 04; Peg
V = 15.1; Size 0.6'x0.3'; PA = 49°
17.5" (9/7/96): extremely faint and small, round. Faintest in trio with IC 1483 and IC 1485 and requires averted vision and GSC finder chart to glimpse occasionally. Located 2.1' WNW of brighter IC 1485.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1484 = J. 1-799, along with
IC 1483 and 1485, on 2 Dec 1893.
The latter two galaxies are probably identical to Andrew Ainslie
Common's NGC 7638 and NGC 7639, discovered earlier in 1880. Common mentions two galaxies within 30'
SE of
******************************
IC 1485 = NGC 7639 = MCG +02-59-032 = CGCG 431-050 = PGC 71256
23 22 48.2 +11 22 22; Peg
V = 14.6; Size 0.6'x0.5'; PA = 123°
17.5" (9/7/96): very faint, small, round, 30" diameter. Similar size as IC 1483 = NGC 7638 but contains a very small brighter core that makes it a little easier to view. Just preceding a small triangle of mag 12-14.5 stars. Also collinear with a wide pair 5' SW near IC 1483. Brightest in a trio with IC 1484 2.1' WNW and IC 1483 4.5' SW.
The identification of IC 1483 is certain but NGC 7639 is uncertain.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1485 = J. 2-800, along with IC 1483 and 1484, on 2 Dec 1893. His position is accurate. This galaxy, along with IC 1484, were earlier discovered by Andrew Ainslie Common, while viewing comet Faye. His position (for NGC 7639) was very roughly given, so Javelle assumed his observation was new. This gx is identified in CGCG (431-50) as IC 1485 and in MCG (+02-59-032) as IC 1484 (this is incorrect as IC 1484 is a fainter companion WNW).
******************************
23 23 54.0 +09 40 03; Peg
V = 13.0; Size 1.6'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 85°
See observing notes for
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1486 = Big. 241 on 1 Oct 1885 and reported "mag 13.2-13.3, 25" diameter, without nucleus." His position is 1' S of NGC 7648 and Corwin notes that he later equated B. 241 = NGC 7648.
******************************
23 24 20.1 +14 38 49; Peg
V = 13.8; Size 1.3'x0.9'; Surf Br = 14.1; PA = 80°
See observing notes for
IC 1487 = CGCG 431-056 = GIN 695 = PGC 95574
23 24 41.0 +14 37 56
V = 14.3; Size 1.1'x0.7'; PA = 30°
18" (8/26/06): very faint, very small, round. Nearly spans between a pair of
14th-magnitude stars 20" SSW and 30" E. Second brightest galaxy of 8 viewed in
17.5" (8/22/98): this member of AGC 2593 was not noticed initially as it is squeezed between two mag 13-14 stars within 30" to the south and to the E. Appears as a very faint, unconcentrated glow just 15" in diameter. Located 5' ESE of NGC 7649.
17.5" (7/19/90): very faint, extremely small, round. A mag 14 star is just off the south edge 20" SSW of center and a second mag 14 star is 30" E of center. Forms a pair with NGC 7649 5.1' WNW. Second brightest of five in AGC 2593. This galaxy is possibly IC 1487 (identified by Howe).
Lewis Swift found IC 1487 = Sw. 9-99 on 15 Oct 1887 and
reported "eeeF; pS; R; 8m * f; F * nr. nf; not [GC] 4659." His position is 1' NE of
******************************
23 25 38.5 +15 21 16; Peg
V = 14.9; Size 1.0'x0.2'; PA = 172°
24" (9/29/16): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, fairly
small, very elongated 3:1 or 7:2 ~N-S, ~30"x9", contains a very small
or stellar nucleus. Located 12.8'
ENE of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1488 = J. 2-801 on 2 Dec 1893 and recorded "extremely faint, very small, elongated in the meridian [north-south]. Very difficult." In a note he added "distinct from NGC 7653 which was measured." There is nothing at his computed position 3' N of NGC 7653. Because NGC 7653 is the closest reasonably bright galaxy, MCG and PGC equated IC 1488 with NGC 7653 and UGC states IC 1488 = NGC 7653? But Harold Corwin uncovered that Javelle misidentified his offset star, which was BD +14 4986. Once corrected his offset points to IC 1488 = LEDA 2800840.
******************************
23 30 27.5 -12 30 59; Aqr
Size 0.5'x0.4'; PA = 45°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; faint, small, round,
0.3' diameter, low nearly even surface brightness. Situated 1.4' NNW of a mag 9.7 star (
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1489 = J. 1-488 on 4 Nov 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
23 59 10.7 -04 07 37; Psc
Size 1.7'x0.7'; PA = 84°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1490 = Sw. 10-52 on 5 Nov 1891 and recorded "eF; pS; R; vF * close N; 6 pB = Mag stars p[receding]." There is nothing at his position, but Harold Corwin that Swift made an error of 30 minutes of RA (too small). Once corrected, his RA is just 9 seconds west of IC 1524 = MCG -01-01-011 and the dec matches perfectly, as well as his description of the nearby stars. This galaxy was discovered first by Truman Safford on 23 Sep 1867, though the discovery wasn't published until 1887. See IC 1524 for more.
******************************
23 29 24.7 -16 19 00; Aqr
Size 0.7'x0.4'; PA = 150°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; very faint, fairly small, irregularly round, ~25" diameter. Required averted vision and mostly just glimpsed, but held occasionally for several seconds. Situated 8.5' NNE of a mag 10.6 star and a similar distance SSE of a mag 11.2 star.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1491 = J. 1-489 on 26 Aug 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
23 30 36.1 -03 02 24; Psc
V = 13.1; Size 1.3'x1.1'; PA = 32°
24" (11/24/14): moderately bright, fairly small,
slightly elongated SSW-NNE, sharply concentrated with a bright 20" core
and a thin very low surface brightness halo. A mag 12 star lies 1' SSW. Located 5.6' SE of mag 9.6
Edward Swift discovered IC 1492 = Sw. 10-53 on 17 Oct 1891
and recorded "eF; S; R; sp of 2 [with
******************************
23 30 47.7 -13 29 08; Aqr
V = 13.3; Size 1.3'x1.0'; PA = 170°
24" (9/21/22): at 325x and 375x; fairly faint, diffuse, the brightest part is elongated 2:1 SW-NE (central region and bar), low surface brightness halo ~40 diameter. A mag 13.3 star is 1.5' NE.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1495 = J. 1-491 on 3 Nov 1891 and
measured an accurate position.
E.E. Barnard made an earlier discovery (visually) on 5 Nov 1888 with the
12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory.
He noted "not faint; not large, R? 1' +/- and slightly south of 11m star." His position was 30 seconds of RA too
small and nearly 6' too far north.
His discovery was communicated directly to Dreyer much later and
appeared in the
******************************
IC 1496 = MCG -01-59-029 = PGC 71634
23 30 53.5 -02 56 03; Psc
V = 13.2; Size 1.7'x1.3'; PA = 65°
24" (11/24/14): moderately bright, moderately large, slightly elongated ~E-W, fairly well concentrated with a bright 20" core. The halo increases the size to 0.6'x0.5'. Forms a pair with IC 1492 7.8' SSW.
N. M. Parrish discovered IC 1496 = LM(S) 863 = Sw. 10-54 on 9 Oct 1890 with the 26-inch refractor at the Leander McCormick Observatory. His micrometric position is accurate. Edward Swift independently discovered this galaxy on 17 Oct 1891, along with IC 1492, and recorded "eeF, pretty small, round, north-following of 2 [with IC 1492]. Swift is credited with the discovery in the IC.
******************************
23 31 53.6 -05 00 25; Aqr
V = 13.0; Size 1.8'x0.6'; PA = 11°
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; moderately bright, moderately
large, very elongated 3:1 ~N-S, 60"x20", slight brighter core,
surface brightness somewhat irregular.
Located 14' ENE of mag 8
24" (9/29/16): at 200x; fairly faint to moderately
bright, fairly small, very elongated 5:2 N-S, 45"x18", brighter
core. Located 9.5' NE of mag 9.4
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1498 = Sw. 10-55 on 5 Nov
1891. He reported "eeF; pS;
R; 9 1/2 * p 36 sec, s 3' 15"; D[ouble] * s points to 11m * f[ollowing]
neb 7 sec; another 11m * f neb 14 sec; not 7962 [
******************************
23 33 09.4 +04 33 09; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 0.75'x0.5'; PA = 20°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; faint, elonagted 5:3
~N-S, 40"x25", low surface brightness, brighter core. Located 6' SW of mag 7.3
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1500 = J. 1-493 on 9 Oct 1891. His position is accurate, but Dreyer made a transcription error in the IC and the declination is off by 1° too far north.
******************************
23 34 40.1 -03 09 10; Psc
V = 13.8; Size 1.5'x0.65'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 134°
24" (9/22/17): at 260x; fairly faint, moderately large,
elongated ~2:1 or 5:2 NW-SE, 1.0'x0.4', broad and weak concentration to a
slightly brighter elongated core.
In a group with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1501 = J. 1-494 on 19 Oct 1892. His position is accurate.
******************************
23 36 20.5 +75 38 53; Cep
V = 13.6; Size 1.1'x0.4'; PA = 51°
24" (11/24/14): at 375x; moderately bright, fairly small, elongated 2:1 SW-NE, 30"x15". Contains a sharp, bright stellar nucleus. Bracketed by two mag 14.5 sars [30" E and 42" NW].
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1502 = Sw. 10-56 on 15 Oct 1891 and recorded "vF; S; vF * close." His position is accurate.
The UGC has two entries: The RA for
******************************
23 38 27.0 +04 48 05; Psc
V = 14.4; Size 0.9'x0.4'; PA = 68°
24" (9/7/18): at 260x; between fairly faint and moderately bright, elongated 2:1 WSW-ENE, slightly brighter along the major axis, ~45"x20". An equal mag 12.5-13 pair of stars [~7" separation] is 3.5' S.
IC 1503 is near the east end of large group (USGC U850),
which includes
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1503 = J. 1-495 on 9 Oct 1891. His position is accurate.
******************************
23 41 19.5 +04 01 03; Psc
V = 13.5; Size 1.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 91°
24" (11/24/14): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 5:2 E-W, very weak concentration, 36"x15". A mag 15 star is just off the south side [39" from center]. Picked up 17' NNW of NGC 7731.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1504 = J. 496 on 19 Aug 1892. His published position is 2' too far north (error with offset star?).
******************************
23 41 37.1 -03 33 54; Aqr
V = 13.5; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 156°
48" (11/2/13): at 488x appeared bright, moderately
large, slightly elongated NNW-SSE, ~45"x35", sharply concentrated
with a very bright core and bright stellar nucleus. Forms the vertex of an isosceles triangle with the
interacting pair (connected by a long tidal plume)
17.5" (11/1/97): faint, small, round, 0.6' diameter. Brightest of trio with the interacting pair Arp 295 = MCG -01-60-021 6.6' SSE and MCG -01-60-022 6.7' ESE. Weak but even concentration to a small brighter core and a faint stellar nucleus.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1505 = Sw. 10-57 on 12 Nov 1891
and recorded "eeeF, pS, R, 3 pB stars following and 4 or 5 stars
preceding, ee dif." His
position is 13 seconds of time preceding
******************************
23 44 48.4 +04 44 08; Psc
V = 14.4; Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 135°
24" (11/15/22): at 327x; visible continuously, slightly elongated NW-SE, 25"x20", very small or stellar nucleus (weak). A mag 11.6 star is 2' SE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1506 = J. 1-497 on 4 Aug 1892. His position matches.
******************************
23 45 33.2 +01 41 19; Psc
V = 13.7; Size 1.3'x0.45'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 130°
24" (9/7/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated nearly 3:1 NW-SE, ~40"x15", very small bright core, stellar
nucleus. Situated in a group of
stars with mag 8.3
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1507 = J. 1-498, along with
******************************
23 45 55.1 +12 03 42; Peg
V = 13.3; Size 2.0'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 168°
24" (12/1/16): moderately bright, moderately large, very elongated 3:1 NNW-SSE, broad concentration but no distinct core or nucleus. The extensions have an irregular or uneven surface brightness. A wide pair of mag 12.1/12.7 stars are off the north side. This pair is nearly collinear with two additional mag 12/13 stars to the NE and SW, forming a 4' string.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1508 = J. 2-803 on 6 Dec 1893. He called it "faint, elongated in the meridian [N-S], 1' in length, no condensation".
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23 47 16.7 -15 18 23; Aqr
Size 1.4'x0.2'; PA = 11°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; very faint, very low surface brightness. Every so often I glimpsed a moderately large "slash" ~N-S, perhaps 0.9'x0.2'. A mag 12.5 star is 1.5' ESE and a mag 12.8 star is 2' S.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1509 = J. 1-499 on 25 Aug 1892. His postion matches.
******************************
IC 1510 = MCG +00-60-053 = CGCG 381-053 = VV 641 = KUG 2347+017 = PGC 72589 = LEDA 1215207
23 50 32.8 +02 04 24; Psc
Size 0.7'x0.5'
24" (9/7/18): at 375x; very faint, very small, round,
20" diameter, very low even surface brightness. IC 1510 is a double system, but I only noticed a single
glow. Located 13' SW of mag 7.0 HD
223617 and 27' ESE of mag 6.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1510 = J. 1-500, along with IC 1507, on 5 Nov 1891. He called it "faint, almost round, appears to have two centers of condensation. His description applies to this contact pair of galaxies though only a single IC designation was assigned. The mean position (from NED) is given.
******************************
23 53 29.4 +11 19 03; Peg
V = 14.0; Size 1.0'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 106°
24" (1/1/16): at 375x; faint, fairly small, very
elongated 3:1 WNW-ESE, 30"x10", low surface brightness. Located 21' SE of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1513 = J. 2-804 on 28 Nov 1893 and recorded "F, vS, E in the diurnal movement [E-W], gradually condensed." His position is accurate. MCG failed to equate its entry +02-60-024 with IC 1513.
******************************
23 54 16.6 -13 35 11; Aqr
V = 13.9; Size 1.0'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.3; PA = 153°
17.5" (10/21/95): faint, fairly small, elongated 5:2 NNW-SSE, 1.0'x0.4'. Weak concentration with a slightly brighter core. Located 2.3' NE of a mag 10.6 star. A mag 12.5 star is 1.3' SW between the galaxy and the brighter star. Incorrectly listed as nonexistent in RNGC and identified as IC 1514 in MCG.
Johann Palisa found IC 1514 on 19 Sep 1893 with the 27"
Grubb refractor at the Vienna Observatory and noted "vF, 1/3' diameter,
slightly eccentric nucleus."
His position matches
******************************
23 56 03.9 -00 59 19; Psc
V = 13.5; Size 1.0'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.2
24" (1/1/16): at 375x; faint, fairly small, oval 2:1
N-S, weak concentration, 30"x15". A mag 12 star is just off the west side. Forms a pair with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1515 = Sw. 10-58 on 12 Nov 1891 and recorded "eeeF, pS, 9.5m * inv, B * nf and pF * sp; sp of 2 [with IC 1516]; eee diff." His position is just off the west side of the galaxy.
******************************
IC 1516 = UGC 12852 = MCG +00-01-006 = CGCG 382-004 = PGC 72927
23 56 07.1 -00 54 59; Psc
V = 13.1; Size 1.7'x1.6'; Surf Br = 14.1
24" (1/1/16): fairly faint or moderately bright, round, 0.6' diameter, broad concentration to a slightly brighter core. Northern of a pair with IC 1515 4.4' SSW.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1516 = Sw. 10-59 on 14 Nov 1889
while searching for Brooks' Comet with the 12-inch refractor at Lick
Observatory. He noted "S, R,
gradually brighter in the middle, slightly cometary" and measured offsets
of -0m 20.55s (mean of 5 measures) and +0' 53" from his comparison star,
which is apparently mag 9
Lewis Swift independently discovered this galaxy on 12 Nov 1891 and described it as "vF, pS, R, B * sf, nf of 2 [with IC 1515]." Swift was credited with the discovery in the IC.
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23 56 18.8 -00 18 20; Psc
V = 13.6; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 172°
24" (9/22/17): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 30" diameter, very small bright core, stellar nucleus.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1517 = Sw. 10-60 on 12 Nov 1891
and reported "eeeF; very small; R; 3 st in a curve p[receding]." His position is just off the west edge
of
******************************
23 57 06.1 +12 27 54; Peg
V = 14.9; Size 0.5'x0.35'; PA = 65°
24" (12/21/16): at 282x; faint, very small, round,
12"-15" diameter, faint stellar nucleus. Forms a close pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1518 = J. 2-805, along with IC 1519, on 6 Dec 1893.
******************************
IC 1519 = CGCG 433-005 = PGC 73010
23 57 08.4 +12 27 27; Peg
V = 14.8; Size 0.55'x0.4'; PA = 135°
24" (12/21/16): at 282x; faint, very small, round, 12"-15" diameter, stellar nucleus. IC 1519 is very slightly brighter and larger than IC 1518 0.7' NW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1519 = J. 2-806, along with IC 1518, on 6 Dec 1893.
******************************
23 57 54.8 -14 02 27; Cet
V = 13.8; Size 0.7'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 165°
18" (10/29/11): at 283x,
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1520 = J. 1-501 on 4 Nov 1891. His micrometric position is accurate.
******************************
23 59 03.4 +01 43 12; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 0.75'x0.25'; PA = 13°
24" (11/15/22): at 260x and 327x; faint, very elongated at least 3:1 NW-SE, 0.9'x0.25", fairly low surface brightness.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1522 = J. 1-503 on 5 Nov 1891. His position and description matches.
******************************
23 59 06.6 +06 52 23; Psc
Size 0.3'x0.2'; PA = 5°
24" (9/8/18): at 375x; faint, very small, round, 15"-18" diameter. Situated just 3' WNW of mag 4.0 Omega Piscium. Once the overpowering star was placed outside the field, this faint galaxy was immediately noticed, and although faint and small, it was not as difficult a target as expected.
Sherburne Burnham discovered IC 1523 on 19 Aug 1889, while checking if mag 4.0 Omega Psc was double using the 36-inch Lick refractor. His offset of 164" west is a good match with this faint galaxy. E.E. Barnard found the galaxy again (or perhaps he also observed it with Burnham) at Lick, probably with the 36-inch, and reported it directly to Dreyer. His position matches the bright star. As a result IC 1523 = IC 5368. HyperLeda lists this galaxy as LEDA 3091908, but does not label it with either IC designation.
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IC 1524 = IC 1490 = MCG -01-01-011 = PGC 73151
23 59 10.7 -04 07 37; Psc
Size 1.7'x0.7'; PA = 84°
24" (1/1/16): moderately bright and large, oval 5:3 WSW-ENE, 50"x30", faint elongated halo. Contains a fairly bright, rounder core with either a stellar nucleus or a star superimposed near the center. A mag 14 star is 40" N of center. [Note: The DSS shows a faint star close following the core].
Forms a pair with
Truman Safford discovered IC 1524 = Sf. 87 on 23 Sep
1867. His published discovery list
in 1887 is missing his description and there is nothing at his position. But 20 seconds of RA west and 1.6'
north is
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23 59 15.9 +46 53 20; And
V = 12.2; Size 1.9'x1.4'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 20°
17.5" (7/17/93): fairly faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated SW-NE, 1.0' diameter, broad mild concentration, very small brighter
core. Surprisingly bright for an
IC galaxy. Located 8' WSW of mag
7.3
IC 1525 is the brightest of three with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1525 = Sw. 9-100 on 19 Aug 1887
and logged "eF; pS; R; D * points to it." His RA is 45 seconds too large and happens to fall closer to
UGC 12888 = MCG +08-01-017 = PGC 73195, a much fainter galaxy. Swift very
likely picked up the brightest of the 3 galaxies in the field. MCG misidentifies
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00 01 31.5 +11 20 45; Peg
V = 14.4; Size 0.75'x0.5'; PA = 135°
24" (9/22/22): at 325x; faint, slightly elongated NW-SE and halo increases somewhat with averted, ~30" diameter, fairly low nearly even surface brightness with only a weak central brightening. A triangle of stars is immediately south, with the western one a mag 14.5/15.5 pair at 11" separation.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1526 = J. 2-807 on 28 Nov 1893. His position matches.
******************************
00 02 21.6 +04 05 23; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 0.9'x0.5'; PA = 132°
24" (9/22/22): at 325x; faint but not difficult, fairly low surface brightness with weak, if any, central concentration. A mag 13.5 star is 1' SE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1527 = J. 1-504 on 19 Aug 1892. His position matches (once a 2' error in his offset star is corrected).
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00 05 05.4 -07 05 36; Cet
V = 12.8; Size 2.2'x1.0'; PA = 73°
24" (9/29/16): at 200x; fairly faint to moderately
bright, moderately large, oval ~5.:3 WSW-ENE, ~1.4'x.0.8', appears to have a
brighter bar along the major axis.
The surface brightness is uneven with subtle structure and the periphery
of the halo is ill defined.
Located 12' SE of mag 8.4
Aaron Skinner, assistant to Truman Safford at the Dearborn
Observatory, discovered IC 1528 = Sf. 88 on 23 Sep 1867 with the 18.5-inch
Clark refractor. The position published in the Dearborn discovery list
(published in 1887) is 1.5' S of
******************************
00 05 13.2 -11 30 10; Cet
Size 1.1'x0.9'; PA = 21°
24" (9/23/22): at 325x; fairly faint (easily seen), round, 25"-30" diameter (core region), gradually increases to a slightly brighter stellar peak. Situated just within a small isosceles triangle of mag 12.5-13.5 stars.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1529 = J. 1-505 on 31 Aug 1892. His position matches.
******************************
00 07 19.5 +32 36 34; And
V = 12.8; Size 1.7'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.3; PA = 38°
17.5" (10/12/87): fairly faint, fairly small, very elongated SW-NE, weak concentration. A mag 14 star is at the SW end 45" from center. Located 2.2' NNW of mag 8.9 SAO 53654. Identified in the UGC and CGCG as IC 1530.
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1530 = Big. 357 on 7 Sep 1888
while searching for
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00 09 35.6 -32 16 37; Scl
V = 12.5; Size 1.8'x1.4'; PA = 138°
24" (9/7/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated 5:4 NW-SE, ~36"x28", increases to a small brighter
core. Two mag 10.5 stars are
roughly 11' NE and mag 9.3
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1531 = Sw. 12-1 on 24 May 1898, probably the last night he discovered new objects at Lowe Observatory. His position is 20 seconds of RA too far west, but accurate in RA and his description reads "vF, vS, R, unequal D * n." This pair is 12' due north.
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00 13 45.5 +48 09 04; And
V = 13.8; Size 1.0'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 72°
17.5" (8/31/86): faint, very small, elongated WSW-ENE,
even surface brightness. A mag 11
star is off the NE edge 39" from the center. First of three IC galaxies in the
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1534, along with IC 1535 and
1536, on 6 Jul 1888 while sweeping with the 12-inch refractor at Lick
Observatory. His notebook sketch
(including
Based on a 60-inch Mt. Wilson photograph, described by Pease (1920) as 20"x10", p.a. 65°, almost stellar nucleus.
******************************
IC 1535 = MCG +08-01-030 = CGCG 549-026 = WBL 005-002 = PGC 922
00 13 57.3 +48 09 29; And
V = 13.6; Size 1.1'x0.2'; Surf Br = 11.7; PA = 170°
17.5" (8/31/86): faint, small, elongated ~N-S, even surface brightness, very diffuse. A mag 11 star is 1.5' W. Second of three IC galaxies in the NGC 51 group with IC 1534 2.0' WSW.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1535, along with IC 1534 and 1536 on 6 Jul 1888 while sweeping with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. See IC 1534 for more.
Based on a 60-inch Mt. Wilson photograph, described by Pease (1920) as "Spiral, 45"x15", p.a. 168°, gradually brighter in the middle, very small almost stellar nucleus."
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IC 1536 = MCG +08-01-032 = CGCG 549-028 = Mrk 939 = WBL 005-004 = PGC 949
00 14 19.0 +48 08 36; And
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 171°
17.5" (8/31/86): fourth of six in the NGC 51 group and the third of three IC galaxies with IC 1535 3.7' WNW and IC 1534 5.6' W. Very faint, very small, slightly elongated, faint stellar nucleus. A group of four mag 12 -13 stars is just north with the closest star 47" NW of center.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1536, along with IC 1534 and 1535 on 6 Jul 1888 while sweeping with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. See IC 1534 for more.
Based on a 60-inch Mt. Wilson photograph, described by Pease (1920) as "9" diameter with amost stellar nucleus."
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00 15 49 -39 15 36; Scl
V = 7.9; Size 32.4'x5.6'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 108°
30" (11/4/10 - Coonabarabran): IC 1537 is the low
surface brightness eastern portion of
17.5" (11/1/86): the eastern portion appears tilted at a slight angle to the main western portion.
13.1" (11/5/83): the very faint eastern portion is near detached from the bright WNW section.
8" (9/25/81): very large, very elongated, brighter to the west, very faint eastern section.
Lewis Swift found IC 1537 = Sw. 11-2 on 23 Sep 1897 and reported "eeeF; vL; eE; close f NGC 55; f of 2 [with NGC 55]." He included a long note at the end of his discovery list: "This with its associated companion is a remarkable nebula. I am undecided as to whether it is all one, or consisting of two, the preceding half very very bright, very larg, exceedingly elongated as Sir John Herschel describes it, and the following half exceedingly exceedingly faint, very large, exceedingly elongated, partly overlapping the other. If single it is curved, if double are inclined to each other. I am included to think they are two distinct nebulae, one reason being that the brighter ends sharply, which would be improbably if the brighter merged into the fainter. The brighter was discovered by Dunlop, but he could not have seen the fainter. As Sir John Herschel does not mention with a sign as being a remarkable object, lends plausibility to the idea that it was not seen even by him."
But Dunlop's size estimate of 25' includes the faint eastern portion and John Herschel's sketch of NGC 55 clearly shows the fainter eastern section! Corwin's position is centered on the brightest portion of the eastern half.
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00 18 22.6 +30 04 47; And
V = 13.5; Size 1.4'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 0°
See observing notes for
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1539 = Big IX-359 on 19 Dec 1897 while searching for NGC 70. He misidentified a star as NGC 70 and reported Big. 359 (later IC 1539) as new. His positon in CR for 6 May 1901 is at the northeast edge of NGC 70.
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00 20 41.2 +22 35 33; And
V = 14.1; Size 0.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 78°
18" (11/22/08): faint, small, irregularly round, low
surface brightness. Located on the
NW edge of the
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1542 = J. 3-810 on 20 Nov 1897. His position is accurate.
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00 21 29.0 +22 30 21; And
V = 14.5; Size 0.9'x0.2'; Surf Br = 12.6
18" (11/22/08): very faint, small, elongated 3:1 NW-SE,
0.45'x0.15'. Forms the fainter
member of a close double system with
17.5" (9/19/87): extremely faint, very small, elongated NW-SE, visible with averted vision only. Forms a double system just 1' E of NGC 85 in the NGC 80 group.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1546 = J. 3-814 on 20 Nov
1897 and measured an accurate position.
Harold Corwin suggests dropping the use of designation
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00 22 49.8 +06 57 51; Psc
V = 13.7; Size 1.0'x1.0'
24" (9/8/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 45" diameter, gradually increased to a very small brighter nucleus. A mag 14.7 star is 1.2' ESE and a mag 8.5 star is 13' WNW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1549 = Sw. 11-3 on 8 Dec 1895 and recorded "eeF, unequal D * f[ollows] 46 sec [on] same parallel." His RA is 22 seconds too large, but once corrected a wide, unequal pair (or trio) matches his description.
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00 32 40.1 -25 36 27; Scl
Size 1.2'x0.3'; PA = 15°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 SSW-NNE, ~0.7'x0.3'. Fairly even, low surface brightness though the view was compromised by poor seeing and haze at its low elevation. Two mag 13.5-14 stars 3.5' S and 8' S are collinear with the galaxy.
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1553 = D.S. 109 from a plate taken on 3 Nov 1898 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He reported "vF, vmE 10°", which matches this galaxy.
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00 33 07.4 -32 15 30; Scl
V = 12.6; Size 1.4'x0.8'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 25°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; fairly faint, elongated ~5:3 SSW-NNE, contains a small bright core (round) with a halo of of ~35"x20". The view was degraded due to thin clouds and its low elevation. A mag 10.9 star lies 5.6' NW and a mag 8.1 star lies 12' ESE.
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1554 = D.S. 110 from a plate taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He reported "vF, vS, extremely elongated170°, suddenly brighter in the middle", but there is nothing at his position.
Many sources including MCG, ESO, PGC, NGC 2000.0, HyperLEDA
and SIMBAD identify
Wolfgang Steinicke lists the number as "not found" and Malcolm Thomson came to the same conclusion.
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00 34 32.6 -30 01 04; Scl
V = 13.8; Size 1.3'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 136°
24" (9/7/18): at 260x; very faint, small, round,
30" diameter, very low surface brightness (perhaps it was viewed through
smoke haze at the low elevation).
A mag 14.8 star is at the SE edge [0.5' from center] and a mag 11.6 star
is 1.8' W. Member of the
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1555 = Sw. 12-3 on 22 May 1898 at Echo Mountain, during his last observing year. He described it as "eeeF, S, R, wide D * close p point to it. Not [NGC] 174." Herbert Howe followed up on Swift's observation and noted "..the discoverer says that a "wide D * close p point to it." The magnitudes of the components of the double are 9.5 and 12, and by a rough sketch I judge their distance apart to be 1' or 2'. The star of mag 9.5 precedes the nebula 8 seconds, 0.1' north. A star of mag 13 is close to the nebula, south following."
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00 34 58.0 -09 20 32; Cet
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.75'; PA = 135°
24" (8/30/16): at 200x; faint to fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated NW-SE, 30"x25", contains a bright core than increases to the center.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1556 = Sw. 11-4 on 10 Sep 1895 and reported "eeeF; pS; R; ee diff[icult]". There is nothing near his position and it was reported "Not shown" on plates taken at the Helwan Observatory in 1919-20. HyperLeda doesn't assign IC 1556 to a galaxy and both Steinicke and Seligman lists the number as not found or lost. But 12' due north is a pair of galaxies. Assuming he picked up the much brighter galaxy, then IC 1556 = MCG -02-02-059 = PGC 2100. NED identifies IC 1556 with fainter MCG -02-02-057. See Corwin's notes for more on this number.
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00 35 34.5 -02 52 35; Cet
V = 14.4; Size 0.7'x0.4'; PA = 135°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; faint, very small, round,
12" diameter. Forms a pair
with brighter and larger
24" (11/24/14): faint, very small, round, 12" diameter. Situated 1.2' E of a mag 12.5 star and 1.7' S of brighter NGC 161.
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1557 = Ho III-1 on 6 Nov 1899 with the 20-inch refractor at the Chamberlin Observatory in Denver. While observing and measuring NGC 161 (discovered by Swift), he mentions "I noticed another nebula 2' south of 161." In his list of new nebula (MNRAS 60, 611, 1900), Howe adds "eF, vS" and "attended by a star of mag 14, a trifle south, and by another, which follows the nebula closely." Although his position is accurate, the MCG, PGC, RNGC, HyperLeda and Roger Sinnott's NGC 2000.0 incorrectly equate NGC 161 with IC 1557. The original error was likely made in the MCG.
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00 35 47.1 -25 22 28; Scl
V = 12.2; Size 3.4'x2.5'; Surf Br = 14.4; PA = 150°
17.5" (9/7/96): extremely faint, fairly large, diffuse,
very low surface brightness. At
times appeared elongated NNW-SSE, but it was very difficult to trace the outer
halo due to its low surface brightness.
Required averted and was unable to hold the galaxy steadily. Located 3.5' NE of mag 8
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1558 = DS 111 on an Arequipa plate from 3 Nov 1898. He recorded "star north, possible spiral, E at 160°."
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00 36 52.3 +23 59 06; And
V = 14.0; Size 0.8'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 94°
24" (9/30/16): at 200x; fairly faint, small, slightly
elongated, ~15"x12", faint stellar nucleus. Forms the southern component of a disrupted, contact pair
(
13.1" (10/20/84): appears as a "faint star" possibly nebulous at the south edge of NGC 169, forming a close contact system (Arp 282).
R.J. Mitchell discovered IC 1559 = Big. 245 = J. 3-819 on 18 Sep 1857 using LdR's 72". He described NGC 169 as "S; double neb; the north one is extended, sp/nf; brighter middle." IC 1559 is the fainter southern component. It was confirmed a month later on 22 Oct 1857 and reobserved by Lawrence Parsons in 1866. Mitchell assumed his observation of a double nebula referred to NGC 160, though, with the second object catalogued later as GC 80. But comparing the description to the field, it's clear that Mitchell was referring to NGC 169 and its close companion to the south.
Herman Schultz observed the field on 5 Sep 1867 (9.6" refractor) and also suspected NGC 169 to be double ("is probably S globular, and seems sometimes to be divided into two separate objects."). In the 1880 publication Dreyer notes that Mitchell mistook his object for h32 = NGC 160, but the "double nebula" should apply to h82 = NGC 169. Bigourdan also found it on 7 Sep 1891 and reported it as new (Big. 245).
Because of all the confusion Dreyer dropped GC 80 from the GC Supplement and added GC 5107 [= NGC 162] to a faint star east-northeast of NGC 160 that Schultz and Lawrence Parsons noted as nebulous. As a result IC 1559 did not receive a NGC number despite being observed twice by Mitchell, later by Lawrence Parsons and even suspected by Schultz. It was discovered again independently by Bigourdan on 7 Oct 1885 and by Javelle on 20 Nov 1897 and included in the IC as 1559. Dreyer credited "LdR", along with Bigourdan and Javelle, with the discovery.
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00 38 32.5 -24 20 24; Cet
V = 14.1; Size 1.2'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 103°
24" (10/3/13): fairly faint, elongated 5:2 WNW-ESE,
45"x20", slightly brighter core region. Forms a pair with
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1561 = DS 112 on an Arequipa plate taken on 3 Nov 1898. He recorded "star north, E at 105°."
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IC 1562 = ESO 474-009 = MCG -04-02-030 = AM 0036-243 NED02 = KTS 5B = PGC 2308
00 38 34.0 -24 16 27; Cet
V = 12.8; Size 1.6'x1.5'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 170°
24" (10/3/13): moderately bright and large, slightly
elongated, ~1.2' diameter, broad concentration but no distinct core or
nucleus. A mag 13 star is 0.9' N
of center, just off the north side.
Brightest in a triplet (KTS 5) with IC 1561 4.0' S and
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1562 = DS 113 on an Arequipa plate taken on 3 Nov 1898. He recorded "small, round, pretty suddenly brighter in the middle."
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00 39 00.2 -09 00 52; Cet
V = 13.6; Size 0.8'x0.3'; Surf Br = 11.9; PA = 147°
17.5" (9/17/88): faint, very small, round. A mag 14 star is 30" N. Forms a double system with
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1563 = Big. 362 on 16 Dec
1897. He noted it was 0.6' in PA
160° (SSE) from NGC 191. This
galaxy is often referred to as
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00 39 26.3 +06 44 03; Psc
V = 13.5; Size 1.5'x1.5'; Surf Br = 14.1
18" (8/26/06): the brightest member of
17.5" (9/5/99): first of three in core of AGC 76. Appears faint, small, round, 30"
diameter. Located 2.4' S of a mag
11.5 star and 3.4' NW of a mag 10.5 star.
IC 1566 lies 5.2' NE and IC 1568 is 10' NE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1565 = J. 3-820, along with IC 1566, 1568, 1569 and 1570, on 24 Nov 1897. Discovered by Javelle. His micrometric position is accurate.
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IC 1566 = MCG +01-02-048 = CGCG 409-058 = WBL 016-003 = PGC 2373
00 39 33.3 +06 48 55; Psc
V = 14.1; Size 0.7'x0.55'; PA = 125°
18" (8/26/06): faint, small, round, 0.6' diameter. Slightly smaller and fainter than IC 1565. Located 5' NE of IC 1565 in AGC 76.
17.5" (9/5/99): second of three in AGC 76. Very faint, small, round, 30" diameter. Appears similar to IC 1565 but slightly lower surface brightness. Located 3.0' NE of a mag 11.5 star and 5.2' NE of IC 1565. IC 1568 lies 6.0' NE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1566 = J. 3-821 on 24 Nov 1897. His position is accurate.
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IC 1568 = MCG +01-02-052 = CGCG 409-061 = WBL 016-004 = PGC 2404
00 39 55.9 +06 50 55; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 1.0'x0.9'
18" (8/26/06): faint, small, ~25"x15". Third and faintest of three on a line with IC 1565 and IC 1566 in AGC 76.
17.5" (9/5/99): third of three in AGC 76 with IC 1565 and IC 1566. Appears very faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 WNW-ESE, ~50"x35". IC 1566 lies 6.0' SW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1568 = J. 3-822 on 24 Nov 1897. His position is accurate.
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00 40 28.0 +06 43 11; Psc
V = 14.5; Size 0.7'x0.6'; PA = 12°
18" (8/26/06): very faint, small, slightly elongated, 20"x16". Located 2.7' SW of a mag 10.7 star and 15' dues east of IC 1565 in AGC 76.
17.5" (12/11/99): very faint, very small, round, 15" diameter. A mag 15-15.5 star lies 1.1' S of center. Located 15' due east of IC 1565 in AGC 76.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1569 = J. 3-823, along with IC 1568, on 24 Nov 1897. His position is accurate.
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00 43 03.8 -22 14 49; Cet
V = 13.7; Size 2.0'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 175°
18" (12/17/11): at 175x, an extremely or nearly very
faint, low surface brightness glow was visible with averted vision. Appeared fairly small, elongated N-S,
~25"x15". Located 27' SW
of mag 5.2
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1562 = DS 115 on an Arequipa plate taken on 3 Nov 1898. He recorded "vF, vmE at 0° [N-S], gradually brighter in the middle."
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00 43 33.4 -04 07 04; Cet
V = 13.3; Size 0.8'x0.7'; PA = 140°
24" (9/1/16): at 322x; fairly faint, fairly small, irregularly round, ~25" diameter. A mag 13.3 star is 0.6' S. At the northwest side is a brighter quasi-stellar knot or nucleus of IC 1575A.
On the DSS and SDSS, IC 1575 appears to be a post-merger
system with a prominent curving dust slicing the galaxy from SW to NE and low
surface brightness outer arcs or shells.
The NW portion of the system contains the bright nucleus and is listed
in NED as
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1575 = Sw. 11-5 on 5 Sep 1896 and reported "eeF; S; R; 10m * close s[outh]; not [NGC] 239." His position is 1.8' too far south.
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00 44 14.2 -25 06 33; Scl
Size 0.75'x0.45'; PA = 144°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; IC 1576 is the southwestern of
a 3.3' pair of faint galaxies with
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1576 = D.S. 116 from a plate taken on 3 Nov 1898 at Harvard's Arequipa Station.
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00 43 34.5 -08 11 11; Cet
V = 13.1; Size 1.0'x0.8'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 171°
See observing notes for
See IC 48.
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IC 1578 = ESO 474-021 = MCG -04-03-001 = PGC 2637
00 44 25.9 -25 04 37; Scl
Size 0.8'x0.3'; PA = 18°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; IC 1578 and IC 1576 are a similar pair of extremely faint galaxies oriented SW to NE and separated by 3.3'. Both are very small, ~20" diameter, with a low surface brightness. The pair is located just 45' WNW of the center of NGC 253!
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1578 = D.S. 117 from a plate taken on 3 Nov 1898 at Harvard's Arequipa Station.
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00 45 32.5 -26 33 56; Scl
V = 14.2; Size 0.9'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 6°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; faint, fairly small, elongated
3:2 N-S, ~30"x20", broad concentration with a slightly brighter
core. The galaxy is located 15'
ESE of mag 7.8
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1579 = D.S. 118 from a plate taken on 3 Nov 1898 at Harvard's Arequipa Station.
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00 46 16.8 -24 16 46; Cet
Size 1.2'x0.3'; PA = 47°
24" (12/28/16): at 282x; very faint, fairly small,
elongated 5:2 SW-NE, 30"x12", low even surface brighness. I couldn't hold the glow continuously
but it was often visible with averted vision. Located 10' SW of mag 7.5
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1582 = DS 120 on a plate taken 3 Nov 1898 at the Harvard station in Arequipa. He described it as "eF, eS, pmE at 45°, * in M[iddle]."
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00 47 10.3 +23 04 26; And
V = 14.9; Size 0.7'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 25°
24" (12/1/13): faint to fairly faint, very small,
slightly elongated, 18"x15", contains a very small bright nucleus,
high surface brightness. First in
a trio with slightly bright
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1583 = J. 3-826, along with
IC 1585, on 23 Nov 1897. His
micrometric position is accurate.
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IC 1585 = MCG +04-03-002 = CGCG 480-005 = PGC 2764
00 47 14.3 +23 03 13; And
V = 14.6; Size 0.8'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 109°
24" (12/1/13): fairly faint, very small, round, 18" diameter, contains a very small very bright nucleus. This compact galaxy has a very high surface brightness. Second in a small triplet with IC 1583 1.5' NW and MCG +04-03-003 1.2' ESE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1585 = J. 3-827, along with IC 1583, on 23 Nov 1897. His micrometric position is accurate.
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00 52 49 +56 37 54; Cas
Size 4'
18" (2/16/07): at 220x about three dozen stars are visible in the region of the nebula, including a number of faint stars. At the center is the multiple star HD 5005 = Burnham 1, a striking triple with a difficult 4th component. A close pair of mag 11.5 stars lie 0.9' SW of Burnham 1.
17.5" (9/28/02): IC 1590 is a young star cluster
embedded in the core of
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1590 = Big. 366 on 31 Oct 1899 and recorded "a large number of stars forming a very large cluster without concentration. Seen in the region of NGC 281." His position is 3' southeast of this group of stars centered on Burnham 1.
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00 52 06.5 -22 40 49; Cet
V = 14.9; Size 1.0'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 90°
See observing notes for
Delisle Stewart found IC 1591 = D.S. 123 (= NGC 276) on a plate taken 3 Nov 1898 and reported "vF, vS, pmE at 95°, pretty much brighter middle." This galaxy was discovered by Frank Muller in 1886 at the Leander McCormick Observatory but his typical rough position was 1.2 min too far west and Stewart assumed it was new. Herbert Howe measured an accurate position for NGC 276 in 1899-00 using the 20" refractor at Chamberlin Observatory (repeated in the IC 2 notes), though Dreyer didn't realize the equivalence with IC 1591.
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00 54 32.8 -23 29 42; Cet
Size 1.1'x0.25'; PA = 107°
48" (11/2/13): moderately bright and large, thin
edge-on 5:1 WNW-ESE, 1.0'x0.2', slightly brighter core. Picked up while viewing the
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1599 = DS 127 on an Arequipa plate taken on 3 Nov 1898. He recorded "vF, vS, pmE at 100° [ESE]."
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00 55 51.9 -09 59 08; Cet
V = 13.7; Size 0.8'x0.7'; PA = 174°
24" (12/21/16): at 282x; fairly faint, small, round,
20" diameter, slightly brighter nucleus. IC 1602 is the brightest member of
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1602 = Ho II- on 16 Dec 1898 while observing NGC 309. He simply noted "vF, S, near NGC 309." and measured an accurate position.
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00 59 24.4 -34 19 44; Scl
V = 12.7; Size 2.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 171°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; no worse than fairly faint and
nearly moderately bright, elongated 3:2 or 5:3 N-S, ~50"x30", strong
concentration with a brighter, round core. Located 18' N of mag 7.7
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1608 = Sw. 11-8 on 3 Oct 1897 and reported "pB; pS; R; 2 st nf and 2 np." His position is off by 2' (too far west). The identification is certain, though it's not clear what stars he was referring to.
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01 01 42.6 -15 34 04; Cet
V = 12.9; Size 1.2'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.2
24" (10/1/16): at 375x; fairly faint to moderately bright, fairly small, round, 25" diameter, small bright nucleus, high surface brightness. A mag 12.5 star is just off the north edge, only 30" from center.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1610 = Sw. 11-10 on 13 Dec 1895 and recorded "pF; pS; R; 9m * nearly in contact np [north-preceding]". His position is 3' SSW of PGC 3681and his description clinches the identification.
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00 59 48.7 -72 20 01; Tuc
V = 12.0; Size 1.0'
30" (11/5/10 - Coonabarabran, 264x): IC 1611,
James Dunlop discovered IC 1611 = D 26 = D.S. 132 on 2 Sep 1826. He described "a small double nebula; the following [IC 1612] is very faint." His position is ~ 5' S of IC 1611 and IC 1612. Although he catalogued the two "nebulae" together with a single position, his handwritten notes separate them by 6 seconds in RA and places the following nebula 1' N, instead of 2' S. Perhaps he only saw a single cluster - IC 1611 - and the second object was a mag 12.5 star 1' NE.
John Herschel never verified Dunlop's D 26 and DeLisle Stewart, who independently discovered IC 1611 and IC 1612 on a plate taken 27 Nov 1900 at Harvard's Arequipa Station, was credited with the discovery in the IC.
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IC 1612 = ESO 029-028 = Lindsay 62 = Kron 41
01 00 00.3 -72 22 18; Tuc
V = 12.3; Size 0.8'
30" (11/5/10 - Coonabarabran, 264x): Second of three clusters with IC 1611 2.4' NNW and Kron 42 2.5' E. Fairly bright, irregular shape elongated SW-NE, ~1.2' diameter. A half-dozen stars were resolved around the edges including two very close pairs! Kron 42 appeared bright, very small knot, ~30" diameter. Contains a very bright core and a small fainter halo. A single mag 12.8 star stood out at the SW edge.
The background glow of the SMC is relatively bright in this region, so the cluster is set over a background glow that seems to extend more noticeably to the W and SW.
James Dunlop probably discovered IC 1612 = D 26?, along with IC 1611, on 2 Sep 1826. He described D 26 as "a small double nebula; the following [IC 1612] is very faint." His position is ~ 5' S of IC 1611 and 1612, a 2.3' pair oriented NNW-SSE. Although he catalogued the two "nebulae" together with a single position, his handwritten notes separate them by 6 seconds in RA and he placed the following nebula 1' N, instead of 2' S. Perhaps he only saw IC 1611, and the second object in his description refers to a single mag 12.5 star 1' NE of IC 1611. John Herschel never verified D 26 and Stewart was credited with the discovery in the IC.
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1612 = D.S. 133 on a plate taken 27 Nov 1900 at Harvard's Arequipa Station in Peru and his position is used in the IC.
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01 04 46.2 +02 07 04; Cet
V = 9.2; Size 16.2'x14.5'; Surf Br = 15.0; PA = 50°
48" (10/26/16): I spent a few minutes identifying OB associations in the patchy northeast section section of IC 1613. At 375x I was able to pinpoint a half-dozen faint or fairly faint "knots", generally 12"-15" in diameter within a 1.5' region. The stellar associations listed below are from Paul Hodge's 1978 study "The structure and content of IC 1613" and the Borissova et al. 2004 paper "The catalogue of OB associations in IC 1613".
The brightest patch, [H78] A10 = [BKG04] G7, is on the west edge and appeared moderately bright, small, 12" diameter. A star is involved in the patch - this is [BUG07] A8, the brightest star (blue supergiant) in IC 1613, with a spectral class of A2 Ia and mag V = 16.4!
Close northeast and southeast are [H78] A13 = [BKG04] G11 and [H78] A14 = [BKG04] G14, both easily seen as fairly faint glows, ~15" diameter. [H78] A17 = [BKG04] G25 is a very faint knot 1' E of [H78] 13 and [H78] A15 = [BKG04] G15 was visible 30" S of [H78] A14. [H78] A11 = [BKG04] G10 was also easily seen as a 12" knot 1.5' N of [H78] A10.
18" (9/15/07): faint, very large, irregular glow,
roughly elongated 4:3 SW-NE, ~8'x6'.
A mag 10.5 star is just at the west edge of the glow. A very small knot
(HII region?) or core is faintly visible just 2' E or ENE of the mag 10.5
star. There appears to be a very
faint detached piece to the northeast about 7' from the mag 10.5 star. Located ~12' S of mag 7.2
13.1" (12/22/84): faint, large, extremely diffuse. This Local Group member appears as an irregular hazy region with a large brighter section to the NE and a fainter section to the SW. No visible core. Several brighter stars are in the field includes a star at the SW edge. Located 46' N of 26 Ceti.
Max Wolf discovered IC 1613 on a plate taken with the Bruce 16-inch telescope in September 1906. Wolf's position (given in 1885 coordinates) is ~10' south and 1.5 minutes of time preceding the galaxy. As he used BD stars to measure positions, it's very possible the coordinates for the "densest part" are for 1855. If so, his position is near the center of IC 1613!
William Baade first showed it was extragalactic in 1935 and a year later Hubble included it as a Local Group member. The distance is ~2.4 million light years.
******************************
01 04 56.2 -27 25 46; Scl
V = 12.6; Size 1.6'x1.4'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 4°
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated, perhaps 45"x35" though outer portion of halo increases with averted. Broad concentration with a slightly brighter core region. This galaxy is just north of a 3' string of three mag 12 stars and it forms the northern vertex of an equilateral triangle with the two western stars in the sting. Three fainter stars lie NW and NE with the galaxy nestled inside this group of stars.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1616 = Sw. 12-5 on 24 May 1897 (or
1898) and recorded "extremely faint, pS, close to 3 st like belt of
Orion." His position is 2.5'
NW of
******************************
01 07 22.4 +33 04 02; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.55'; PA = 101°
24" (10/5/13): fairly faint, fairly small, round,
20" diameter, very slightly brighter nucleus. Sandwiched between two mag 12.5/13 stars with a 1.4'
separation and oriented SSW-NNE.
Picked up 13' WSW of the
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1619 = J. 3-832 on 28 Nov 1899 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory.
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01 07 14.3 +13 57 18; Psc
V = 14.5; Size 0.95'x0.7'; PA = 87°
24" (10/17/20): nearly fairly faint, fairly small,
slightly elongated or irregularly round, diffuse, low surface brightness, weak
central brightening. A mag 15.3
star is 0.9' SW. IC 1620 is
located 10' NE of mag 7.2
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1620 = J. 3-833 on 13 Nov 1903. His position is accurate.
******************************
01 07 36.7 -17 32 19; Cet
V = 13.7; Size 0.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.4
24" (10/5/13): fairly faint, fairly small, round,
25" diameter. Picked up 3.1'
SW of
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1622 = Sw. 11-11, along with IC 1623, on 19 Nov 1897 and logged "vF; S; R; np of 2 [with IC 1623]." His position is ~2' too far north-northwest, a similar error as IC 1623. The IC description was corrected to read "sp of 2".
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IC 1623 = Arp 236 = VV 114 = ESO 541-23 = PGC 4007 = PGC 4008
01 07 47.2 -17 30 25; Cet
Size 1.2'x0.9'
24" (10/5/13): Arp 236 = VV 114 is in Arp's category of
"appearance of fission", though this contact pair is apparently
undergoing a merger and the two nuclei are separated by only 15"!
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1623 = Sw. 11-12, along with IC 1622, on 19 Nov 1897 and logged "B; cS; lE; sf of 2 [with IC 1622]." His position is ~2.5' too far northwest, a similar error as IC 1622. The IC description was corrected to read "nf of 2".
******************************
01 05 20.9 -72 02 35; Tuc
V = 12.4; Size 0.7'
18" (7/6/02 - Magellan Observatory, Australia): at 171x
and UHC, this is the smaller of a pair of nebulous clusters with
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1624 = DS 137 from a plate taken on 27 Nov 1900 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He noted "vF, S, R." Some catalogues give IC 1624 as the designation to the nebulosity only and the cluster associated with it is called Kron 52. Here I have referred to IC 1624 as the name to the cluster, with Kron 52 being an alternate name.
******************************
01 07 42.6 -46 54 27; Phe
V = 12.0; Size 1.7'x1.2'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 8°
30" (10/18/17 - OzSky): IC 1625 is the brightest galaxy
at the center of
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1625 = D.S. 138 on a plate taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He noted "cF, vS, R, susp."
******************************
01 06 14.6 -73 17 51; Tuc
V = 13.8
30" (11/6/10 - Coonabarabran, 264x): fairly faint,
fairly small, irregularly round, 45"x35", fairly even glow. A couple of faint stars were resolved
at the NW and SW edge. Two mag
11.5 stars lie 4' SW and mag 10.6
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1626 = DS 139 from a plate taken on 14 Dec 1903 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He noted "vF, cS, R."
******************************
01 08 10.8 -46 05 39; Phe
V = 12.9; Size 2.5'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 137°
25" (10/15/17 - OzSky): at 397x; excellent edge-on,
fairly large, elongated 7:1 NW-SE, ~2.1'x0.3'. Contains a brighter, very elongated core that is angled
slightly differently than the extensions or perhaps the extensions are slightly
warped [verified on the DSS!]. A
mag 13 star is just east of the southeast flank. The major axis is collinear with a mag 10.8 star 2.9' NW. IC 1627 is the second or third
brightest member of AGC 2877 (brightest is
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1627 = D.S. 140 in 1899 on a plate taken at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He reported it as "cF, S, extremely extended at 135°, considerably brighter middle."
******************************
01 08 47.5 -28 34 56; Scl
V = 12.5; Size 1.3'x1.2'; Surf Br = 12.7
24" (10/6/18): at 260x; moderately bright, fairly small, round, 45" diameter, fairly high surface brightness, increases to very small brighter nucleus.
IC 1628 is the brighter of a close 1.25' pair with MCG -05-03-028, just beyond the halo to the southeast. The companion appeared faint, very small, round, 15" diameter. It is too small for any internal details.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1628 = Sw. 12-6 on 12 Oct 1897 and
wrote, "cB, pS, round, 3 8m st[ars] near." His position matches
******************************
IC 1630 = ESO 243-036 = AM 0106-470 = PGC 4036
01 08 16.8 -46 45 14; Phe
V = 14.3; Size 1.3'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 65°
30" (10/18/17 - OzSky): at 264x; fairly faint, fairly
small, elongated 5:2 WSW-ENE, 40" x15", even surface brightness. This member of AGC 2870 is situated 11'
NE of IC 1625 (brightest cluster member) and 6' SSW of mag 7.0
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1630 = D.S. 141 on a plate taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He noted "eeF, eS, E at 60°, susp."
******************************
01 08 44.9 -46 28 33; Phe
V = 13.3; Size 0.9'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 82°
30" (10/18/17 - OzSky): at 264x; moderately bright, slightly elongated 5:4 E-W, ~40"x32", fairly even surface brightness. Located 12' N of mag 7.0 HD 6869 and 31' NE of mag 3.3 Beta Phoenicis, between AGC 2870 and AGC 2877 (both members of the Phoenix Supercluster).
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1631 = D.S. 142 on a plate taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He noted "eF, S, R, susp."
******************************
IC 1633 = ESO 243-046 = PGC 4149
01 09 55.6 -45 55 52; Phe
V = 11.6; Size 2.9'x2.4'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 120°
25" (10/15/17 - OzSky): at 244x and 397x; very bright, very large, slightly elongated ~E-W, at least 2'.0'x1.7', sharply concentrated with a faintish halo and a very bright core that gradually increased to a stellar nucleus.
IC 1633 is the brightest cD galaxy at the core of AGC 2877, a member of the Phoenix Supercluster. Several nearby companions were easily seen in the field; a total of 17 galaxies were logged within 16' of IC 1633 using a 25" on 10/15/17 and the 30" on 10/18/17. Still, I certainly could have viewed more if I had spent additional time.
James Dunlop discovered IC 1633 = D 437 = Sw. 11-13 on 5 Aug 1826 and recorded (single observation) "an extremely faint small nebula; round, with a very minute bright point in the center." Dunlop's position is 6.6' SW of ESO 243-046, but this is a typical error and there no other brighter galaxies nearby. Lewis Swift independently discovered this galaxy on 29 Sep 1897, assumed it was new, and logged Sw. 11-13 as "vF; S; R; no B* near; vF one following." In his 4th list from Lowe Observatory, the declination was off by 2° too far north, but this error was corrected in his large Astronomische Nachrichten (AN) table.
DeLisle Stewart found it again on a plate taken at Harvard's Arequipa (Boyden) Station in 1899 (published in 1908). Stewart's position was accurate. Dreyer credited both Swift and Stewart with the discovery, but not Dunlop.
******************************
01 11 02.9 +17 39 45; Psc
V = 14.6; Size 0.4'x0.4'
17.5" (11/26/94): very faint, very small, round,
15" diameter, very weak concentration. Forms the north member of a similar double system with IC
1635 separation 40" between centers.
The halos are almost in contact.
A mag 14 star lies 50" W.
These are the brightest galaxies in the core of rich cluster
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1634 = J. 3-836, along with
******************************
IC 1635 = UGC 739 = MCG +03-04-009 = CGCG 459-013 = PGC 4231
01 11 03.5 +17 39 07; Psc
V = 14.8; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 148°
17.5" (11/26/94): very faint, very small, round, 15" diameter, very weak concentration. Forms the south member of a similar double system with IC 1634 separation 40" between centers. The halos are almost in contact. A mag 14 star lies 1.1' NW. These are the brightest galaxies in the core of rich cluster AGC 154. The redshift-based distance (z = .061) is 900,000 - 1,000,000 light years!
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1635 = J. 3-837, along with IC 1634, on 23 Dec 1897 and recorded "F, R, 20" to 25", gradually brighter middle to a nucleus, granular."
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01 11 37.5 +33 21 15; Psc
V = 14.4; Size 0.5'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.3; PA = 103°
24" (8/29/19): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 25"-30" diameter, very small brighter core. Forms a pair with
18" (10/16/09): faint, small, round, 20" diameter, high surface brightness. Located 15' NE of NGC 410 in a cluster. IC 1638 lies 9' E.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1636 = J. 3-838, along with IC 1638, on 17 Oct 1903 and recorded "F, S, 15" to 20", gradually brighter middle to a nucleus." CGCG incorrectly describes it as a double galaxy.
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01 11 01.1 -30 26 19; Scl
V = 12.8; Size 1.7'x1.3'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 90°
24" (11/7/18): at 200x; faint, moderately large,
slightly elongated, 1' diameter, low surface brightness. Very weak central brightening. Located 14' SSE of
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1637 = D.S. 144 on a plate taken in Arequipa in 1899. His published position is accurate.
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IC 1638 = MCG +05-03-082 = CGCG 501-129 = CGCG 502-005 = Ark 34 = PGC 4338
01 12 21.8 +33 21 52; Psc
V = 14.1; Size 0.7'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.4
24" (8/29/19): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated, ~30"x25", small brighter core, occasional faint stellar nucleus. A mag 8.5 star (SAO 54517) is 8' E. IC 1636 lies 9' W, with IC 1638 nearly at the midpoint. Located 22' NE of NGC 410 in a large group (USGC U045).
18" (10/16/09): fairly faint, fairly small, round, 25" diameter. Appears as a high surface brightness knot. IC 1636 lies 9' W. Located 8' W of a mag 8.5 star. Member of the NGC 410 group.
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1638 = J. 3-839 on 19 Oct 1873. His notebook position was just 1' S of center, but for some reason he never measured an accurate position or publish the discovery. Stephane Javelle discovered it again, along with IC 1636, on 17 Oct 1903 (third list, #839) and recorded "F, R, 15" to 20", gradually brighter middle to a nucleus, stellar ncl 13m, granular."
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01 09 24.5 -71 46 00; Tuc
V = 13.4; Size 1.0'
18" (7/11/05 - Magellan Observatory, Australia): very
faint, small, 30" diameter, low surface brightness and no hint of
resolution. Follows
18" (7/6/02 - Magellan Observatory, Australia): this
faint SMC cluster is located 7' following NGC 411. At 228x it appeared as just a very faint knot, less than 1'
diameter with a low surface brightness and no resolution. Located 5.5' NE of mag 8.6
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1641 = D.S. 143
photographically on 27 Nov 1900 at Harvard's station in Arequipa, Peru. He simply noted "eF, eS, R."
IC 1641 has been misidentified as a very faint cluster (Hodge-Wright 62) just
following
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01 12 27.3 +15 45 00; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (12/8/20): at 260x; between very faint and faint,
small, slightly elongated, 20" diameter. Member of galaxy cluster
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1642 = J. 3-842 on 29 Jan
1897. His position is about
1.2' NW of
******************************
IC 1644 = SMC-N81 = ESO 029-035 = Lindsay 481 = HD 7113
01 09 13.1 -73 11 37; Tuc
Size 0.8'
30" (11/6/10 - Coonabarabran, 264x): very bright,
small, compact high surface brightness HII region, 20" diameter, good response
to a NPB filter. Located 14' NE of
IC 1626 and 20' WNW of
IC 1644 = SMC-N81 is classified as a HEB -- high excitation blob. This object, along with N88A, are rare objects in the SMC exhibiting very high surface brightness, absolute magnitude and compactness. It harbors one or more hot, massive, young stars that ionizes the nebula.
Williamina Fleming discovered IC 1644 = HN 83 in 1901 on photographic spectrum plates taken at the Arequipa station. It was included in a table of "Objects having peculiar spectra in "Harvard Circular 60 and ApJ, 14, 144-146.
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IC 1645 = IC 1642 = MCG +02-04-008 = CGCG 436-009 = PGC 95507
01 12 27.3 +15 45 00; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.6'
24" (12/8/20): at 260x; between very faint and faint, small, slightly elongated, 20" diameter. Member of galaxy cluster AGC 160 (distance ~520 million l.y.). IC 1646 lies 4.7' SE.
Stephane Javelle discovered
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IC 1646 = MCG +02-04-009 = CGCG 436-010 = PGC 4357
01 12 43.8 +15 42 28; Psc
V = 15.1; Size 0.6'x0.5'
24" (12/8/20): at 260x; extremely faint, small, round, 20" diameter. Only occasinally popped and fainter than IC 1645 4.7' NW. Member of AGC 160
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1646 = J. 3-845, along with IC 1645, on 24 Nov 1897.
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01 13 42.1 +33 13 06; Psc
V = 14.4; Size 0.6'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 132°
18" (10/16/09): faint, very small, round, 15" diameter. Located 5.4' NE and 9' NE of two mag 7.5-8 stars and 34' ENE of the NGC 410 quartet (NGC 407/408/410/414) in the same larger group.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1648 = J. 3-847 on 7 Dec 1899 and noted "F, R, 15" to 20", mag 14 ncl, granular."
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01 13 27.6 +02 04 07; Cet
Size 0.6'
24" (1/1/19): at 375x; IC 1651 is a small trio of stars oriented N-S (shallow curve). The brightest is the middle star at mag 13.4. It's bracketed by 15.1 mag stars 14" N and 19" S. The trio is situated 8' due W of NGC 435 and was easily resolved.
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1651 = Big. 368 on 25 Nov 1897. Harold Corwin translates his description as "Nebula 13.3-13.4 or 13.4, pretty stellar, difficult to see because of a star 13.1 situated at PA = 195 degrees, distance = 0.2 arcmin; now and then, it briefly seemed that the nebulosity surrounded this star 13.1, to which the measurements referred." His position corresponds with three stars in a short string - there is no nebulosity - though technically his description refers to the brightest star.
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01 15 07.5 +33 22 38; Psc
V = 13.0; Size 0.8'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.3
17.5" (9/19/87): fairly faint, small, round, bright
core, stellar nucleus. Located 20'
NNW of
Stephane Javelle found IC 1653 = J. 3-849 on 17 Oct 1903
with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory. His position matches
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01 11 54.4 -71 19 48; Tuc
V = 14.0
30" (11/6/10 - Coonabarabran, 264x): fairly faint,
fairly small, soft round glow with an even surface brightness, 40"
diameter. Hodge-Wright (HW) 64
lies 5.5' W. IC 1655 is located
19' NW of
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1655 = D.S. 147 = D 59?? on a photographic plate taken on 27 Nov 1900 at Harvard's station in Arequipa, Peru. He simply noted "eF, vS, close cl."
Glen Cozens has suggested that James Dunlop's D 59, recorded on 6 Sep 1826, is an earlier discovery of IC 1655. Dunlop noted "a very small faint nebula, about 10" diameter." His position (single observation) is 11' SE of the cluster. D 60, the next object in Dunlop's sweep, was placed 13' due E of NGC 458, fairly consistent with Cozens' identification. But based on my observation, I'm confident this cluster is much too faint to have been seen by Dunlop.
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IC 1656 = NGC 447 = UGC 804 = MCG +05-04-006 = CGCG 502-013 = PGC 4550
01 15 37.6 +33 04 04; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 2.2'x2.2'; Surf Br = 15.5
See observing notes for NGC 447.
E.E. Barnard found IC 1656 visually on 25 Oct 1888 using the
12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory.
He noted the "nebula is s.p. comparison star [mag 6
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01 14 06.9 -32 39 03; Scl
V = 12.4; Size 2.3'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.5; PA = 170°
48" (11/5/21): at 375x; very bright, large, very elongated ~7:1 N-S, nearly 2' in length, high surface brightness and brighter along the major axis, slightly brighter core. Two faint companions are 2' WNW and 2' NE.
17.5" (12/26/00): fairly faint, moderately large, very elongated 7:2 ~N-S, 1.8'x0.5', brighter core. The ends appear to taper giving a narrow lens impression. Two nearby faint companions off the NW and NE side were not seen. This is a Seyfert galaxy.
17.5" (11/6/93): fairly faint, very elongated 4:1 NNW-SSE, 1.6'x0.4', nearly edge-on appearance, weak concentration.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1657 = Sw. 11-14 on 4 Sep 1897 and
logged "eeF; S; eeE; a ray; no star nr." His position is 19 seconds of time too large (4 arc
minutes), but his description clinches the identification. He discovered it again less than two
months later on 30 Oct 1897 and assumed it was new, describing Sw. 11-15 (later
******************************
01 15 49.6 +31 04 50; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 1.9'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.9; PA = 157°
See observing notes for
Stephane Javelle found IC 1658 = J. 3-851 on 17 Oct 1903. His position matches NGC 444 = UGC 810 = PGC 4561. This galaxy was discovered earlier by R.J. Mitchell, LdR's assistant, on 26 Oct 1854 but the NGC position is 28 seconds of RA too small. The identification is secure based on Mitchell's description and sketch. So, IC 1658 = NGC 444, with discovery priority to Mitchell.
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01 12 38.4 -71 45 41; Tuc
V = 13.5; Size 1.0'
30" (11/6/10 - Coonabarabran, 264x): fairly faint,
fairly small, round, 40" diameter.
A single brighter star is resolved along with a couple of extremely
faint stars. Several mag 12.5-13.5
stars are within 5', mostly on the south side. IC 1660 is located 8' SSW of mag
9.8
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1660 = D.S. 148 on a photographic plate taken on 27 Nov 1900 at Harvard's station in Arequipa, Peru. He noted "eF, vS, R, stellar nucleus involved in nebula or a very faint star." His position is accurate. For some reason, this object is included in Sky & Telescope's "Pocket Sky Atlas", although it is much fainter than other unplotted objects. It was described as "probably globular" in the 1935 Harvard Observatory Bulletin 899 based on Bruce plates at Arequipa.
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IC 1661 = NGC 451 = MCG +05-04-011 = CGCG 502-019 = Mrk 976 = PGC 4594
01 16 12.4 +33 03 51; Psc
V = 13.9; Size 0.7'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.5
See observing notes for NGC 451.
E.E. Barnard found IC 1661 on 25 Oct 1888 using the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. He noted it was 6 seconds of time preceding his comparison star (mag 6 HD 7578) and called it "vvF, S, R." He sent the discovery directly to Dreyer though his declination was 1.2' too far north (similar error with IC 1656 = NGC 447). Barnard later wrote in pen in his notebook that "This is NGC 451" [discovered by Édouard Stephan on 10 Nov 1881]. So IC 1661 = NGC 451.
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01 12 33.4 -73 27 25; Tuc
V = 14.0; Size 1.0'
30" (11/6/10 - Coonabarabran, 264x): fairly faint, small, slightly elongated, 36"x24", brighter core. There was no resolution except for a single star on the west side. IC 1662 is located 3.7' WNW of a mag 10.9 star and 11' SW of the bright emission nebula NGC 456, which is the first of three striking clusters and nebulae with 460 and 465. Lindsay 93, a fainter cluster, lies 1.5' SE.
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1662 = D.S. 149 on a photographic plate taken on 27 Nov 1900 at Harvard's station in Arequipa, Peru. He noted "vF, eS, neb or vS group of stars." His position is accurate.
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IC 1663 = IC 1657 = ESO 352-024 = MCG -06-03-030 = PGC 4440
01 14 06.9 -32 39 03; Scl
V = 12.4; Size 2.3'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.5; PA = 170°
See observing notes for IC 1657.
Lewis Swift found IC 1663 = Sw. 11-15 on 30 Oct 1897 and reported it as "eeF, vE 350°; 5 sts sf have distant companions." There is nothing near his position, but Corwin found a match with IC 1657, which is 2° south and 2 minutes of time west from his large 11th list in AN. His description fits the galaxy and field perfectly. In Swift's earlier 5th discovery list at Lowe (puslished in AJ), the declination differs by 30', but was still 1.5° too far north. These types of errors were common in Swift's last year in southern California.
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01 18 42.3 -17 03 01; Cet
V = 13.6; Size 1.0'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 69°
18" (12/17/11): extremely faint, small, round, 20"-24" diameter, very low surface brightness. Required averted vision to glimpse a few times, but confirmed. The IC identification is uncertain due to a poor position by Swift.
18" (12/18/06): extremely faint, small, round, 0.4'
diameter. Appears as a very low
surface brightness hazy spot without concentration. Only visible intermittently with averted vision. Located 4.8' W of brighter
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1667 = Sw. 11-16 on 6 Oct 1896 and
reported "eF, pS, R, no * near, 8m * in field nf". There is nothing near his
position. MCG suggests MCG
-03-4-039 = IC 1667. This galaxy
is 1 min of time east and 3.5' north of Swift's position, though there is a mag
8.4 star 11' ENE that would have been in Swift's field. So, despite the poor position (more
common in his later years) and no mention of IC 93 = IC 1671, which he
"discovered" twice and lies only 5' ESE,
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01 18 50.8 -16 48 10; Cet
18" (11/13/07): IC 1670 consists of a contact pair of
spiral galaxies. The brighter
galaxy (
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1670 = Sw. 11-17 on 18 Dec 1895 and recorded "vF; pS; lE; wide D * near nf; f[ollowing] of 2 [with IC 1671]." There is nothing at his position, but 6' northwest is this double system. His comment "f of 2" should read "preceding of 2", which is consistent with his RA order.
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01 19 02.3 -17 03 37; Cet
V = 13.2; Size 1.3'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 170°
18" (11/13/07): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated at least 3:1 NNW-SSE, 0.7'x0.2', broad weak concentration. The tips taper, though there is a strong impression of irregularities at the tips. Forms a pair with much fainter IC 1667 4.8' W. The IC 1670 pair lies 15' N.
18" (12/18/06): faint, fairly small, elongated 5:2
NNW-SSE, 0.75'x0.3', weak concentration, slightly asymmetric appearance at the
ends. IC 1667 lies 4.8' W. Located 11' W of mag 8.5
Lewis Swift found IC 1671 = Sw. 11-18 on 18 Dec 1895 and recorded it as "eeF; vS; R; p 7m * nf 47 s; p of 2." There is nothing at his position, but IC 93 is 30 seconds of RA west and 2.3' N. Furthermore, a mag 8.4 star is 47 seconds of RA following, so the equivalence is certain. His comment "p[receding] of 2" should read "f[ollowing] of 2", consistent with his RA order.
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01 20 38.2 +29 41 56; Psc
V = 13.0; Size 1.3'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 139°
24" (10/1/16): moderately bright and large, oval 3:2
NW-SE, ~45"x30",well concentrated with a small bright core. A mag 14.3 star is 50" ENE. There was an impression of brighter
regions to the northwest and southeast of the core. Perhaps these are portions of arms or an inner ring. Forms a pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1672 = J. 3-857 on 6 Dec
1899. His micrometric position
matches
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01 20 46.3 +33 02 42; Psc
V = 14.1; Size 0.5'x0.5'
24" (10/4/13): fairly faint, small, round 18"
diameter, contains a bright core and very small halo. Located 6' NE of a mag 9.8 star.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1673 = J. 3-858 on 17 Nov 1903 and noted "F, R, mag 13 stellar ncl."
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01 21 07.1 +33 12 58; Psc
V = 15.2; Size 1.0'x0.7'; PA = 129°
24" (10/4/13): extremely faint, small, round, 18"
diameter, very low surface brightness with no core.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1677 = J. 3-860 on 30 Nov 1899 and recorded "F, R, 30" to 40", mag 14 core."
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01 21 44.6 +33 29 37; Psc
V = 14.7; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 50°
24" (10/4/13): very faint, very small, elongated 3:2
SW-NE, 20"x14". Located
2.9' SW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1679 = J. 3-862 on 2 Dec 1899 and logged "F, S, irr form, diffuse, weakly condensed."
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IC 1680 = MCG +05-04-028 = CGCG 502-049 = WBL 038-003 = PGC 4956
01 21 51.2 +33 16 57; Psc
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.6'; PA = 103°
24" (10/4/13): faint to fairly faint, small, round,
15"-18" diameter.
Situated 1.5' N of a mag 9.8 star and 4' NW of mag 8.8
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1680 = J. 3-863, along with IC 1682, on 29 Nov 1899 and noted "F, vS, 10" to 15", stellar nucl, mag 13.5 core, nebulous character certain."
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IC 1682 = UGC 912 = MCG +05-04-032 = CGCG 502-053 = WBL 038-005 = PGC 4983
01 22 13.3 +33 15 37; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 0.9''x0.4'; PA = 120°
24" (10/4/13): fairly faint, small, elongated 3:2 NW-SE, 24"x16", weak concentration. Located 2.1' NE of mag 8.8 HD 8216. IC 1680 lies 4.8' WNW. Member of the NGC 507 Group and 18' due W of this galaxy.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1682 = J. 865, along with IC 1680, on 29 Nov 1899. His declination is 2' too far south (correctly copied into the IC), but Harold Corwin found that Javelle applied the wrong sign to his north polar distance from his offset star. Once corrected, his position is excellent.
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01 22 39.0 +34 26 13; And
V = 13.2; Size 1.3'x0.6'; PA = 173°
24" (12/8/20): at 260x; fairly faint, elongated 5:3 N-S, ~40"x24", broad concentration, no nucleus. A mag 14.5-15 star is off the SW end, 0.8' from center.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1683 = J. 1-866 on 29 Nov 1899. He called it "faint, elliptical, 25"x15", elongated in the meridian (N-S), mottled, gradually condensed.
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01 23 06.6 +33 11 22; Psc
V = 15.3; Size 0.4'x0.3'
24" (10/4/13): very faint, extremely small, round,
10" diameter. This member of
the NGC 507 Group is situated just 2.5' NE of
17.5" (10/4/97): this very difficult object is located 2.5' NE of NGC 494 in a cluster. Just glimpsed with averted vision at 280x and appeared as a 10" fleeting spot with no concentration. A mag 14.5 star lies 45" SSE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1685 = J. 3-868, along with
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01 23 11.5 +33 27 37; Psc
V = 12.2; Size 1.6'x1.3'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 82°
See observing notes for
Stephane Javelle found IC 1686 = J. 3-869 on 1 Dec 1899 with
the Nice Observatory 30" refractor.
His position is 1.7' S of NGC 499 (matches in RA) but this is a similar
offset that he gave for
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IC 1687 = MCG +05-04-039 = CGCG 502-061 = WBL 038-011 = PGC 5074
01 23 19.2 +33 16 40; Psc
V = 13.6; Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 5°
24" (10/4/13): fairly faint, very small, round,
12" diameter. Located 1.6' SE
of mag 7.6
17.5" (10/4/97): extremely faint and small, round,
10" diameter. Required
averted vision to view. Located
just 1.6' SE of mag 7.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1687 = J. 3-870, along with IC 1685, on 1 Dec 1899 and noted "faint, round, 15", central core mag 14." He worked his way through the NGC 507 cluster very thoroughly over several nights, picking up a number of faint galaxies.
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01 23 47.9 +33 03 19; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 0.9'x0.5'; PA = 16°
24" (12/8/20): faint, small, slightly elongated, 20"x15", even surface brightness. A mag 15 star is close W [0.6' from center]. Member of the NGC 507 group (WBL 038).
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1689 = J. 3-872 on 29 Nov 1899. His description reads "faint, almost round, about 15", gradually condensed, close to a star 14th mag."
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01 23 49.6 +33 09 23; Psc
V = 13.9; Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 130°
17.5" (10/4/97): extremely faint, very small, elongated 2:1 NW-SE, 20"x10". Extended in the direction of a mag 12 star 1.5' SE. Member of the NGC 507 Group and located 6.4' SSE of NGC 507.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1690 = J. 3-873 on 30 Nov 1899 and noted "faint, very small, round, 10" to 15", stellar ncl, mag 13.4 core. His micrometric position is accurate.
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01 24 25.8 +33 24 25; Psc
V = 15.2; Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 123°
24" (10/4/13): extremely to very faint, very small,
round, 12" diameter. Located
4.0' WSW of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1691 = J. 3-874 on 2 Dec 1899 and recorded "pF, nearly round, 20", no concentration." His position is 2' too far south, which appears to be caused by a error in declination offset from his comparison star (same problem with IC 1684).
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01 24 02.4 -01 39 26; Cet
V = 15.3; Size 0.6'x0.25'; PA = 162°
17.5" (9/19/87): extremely faint and small, round. Forms a very close pair with a close
double star, whose components are both mag 15. Located 2.0' SE of
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1693 = Ho III-2 on 1 Jan 1900 and
recorded "eF, vS, possibly only a faint star." His micrometric position matches PGC
73940, though Harold Corwin
remarks that "This pair of objects [a faint star is superimposed] has also
been confused with the middle (brightest) galaxy in the line, CGCG
385-099." HyperLeda does not
equate
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01 25 07.7 +08 41 57; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 0.7'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.1
48" (11/8/15): at 488x; bright, fairly small, slightly elongated, ~40" diameter, small very bright core. A mag 15 star is embedded in the halo, just 10" NE of center. A mag 13.5 star is 40" NW.
IC 1695 is the brightest member of Shakhbazian 40, which
corresponds with the central region of
18" (12/3/05): I forgot about my observation of IC 1695
two months ago and assumed it was part of the
18" (10/8/05): The brightest member of AGC 193 and Shakhbazian 40 appeared faint, small, irregularly round. Situated just 43" SE of a mag 13 star. In moments of better seeing this galaxy appeared double with an extremely faint knot or extension to the northeast of the core of the main galaxy. The next day I checked the DSS and this observation matches the image! This distant cluster has a redshift of z = .048 which corresponds to a distance of over 700 million light years. The only other member seen was UGC 967, located 7.5' NW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1695 = Sw. 11-19 on 26 Nov 1897 and recorded "eF; pS; R; 10m * att p; * with distant companion sf, another np." His position is 3' too far northwest, but other nearby galaxies are much fainter. A 12th magnitude star is ~45" northwest; I assume this is the "10m * attached preceding." and another mag 12 star 3.7' south-following (with "distant companion" 1.6' to its south).
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01 24 52.3 -01 37 02; Cet
V = 13.8; Size 0.9'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 10°
24" (11/7/18): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, high surface brightness, very small brighter nucleus. A mag 14.4 star is
off the NW edge. Located 3.3' SE
of
17.5" (9/19/87): faint, very small, irregularly round, small bright core. A mag 14 star is 34" NW of center. Located 3' SE of NGC 530 in AGC 194.
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1696 = Ho III-3 on 19 Jan 1900 at the Chamberlin Observatory in Denver and recorded "eF, eS; [NGC] 530 is n.p." His position is accurate.
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01 25 22.1 +14 50 19; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 1.3'x0.4'; PA = 117°
24" (12/1/13): moderately bright, fairly small,
elongated 2:1 WNW-ESE, 0.6'x0.3', small bright core.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1698 = J. 3-877 on 18 Jan
1896 and recorded "pB, irr form, 30" diameter, core of mag
14." His position is accurate. Harold Corwin suggests
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IC 1699 = IC 1698 = UGC 983 = MCG +02-04-040 = CGCG 436-045 = PGC 5261
01 25 22.1 +14 50 19; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 1.3'x0.4'; PA = 117°
See observing notes for IC 1698.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1699 = J. 3-878 on 26 Dec 1897. There is nothing at his offset position, but Harold Corwin suggests that if Javelle made a 5' error in North Polar Distance, then IC 1699 is probably a duplicate of IC 1698.
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01 25 24.7 +14 51 53; Psc
V = 13.3; Size 1.2'x0.9'; PA = 6°
24" (12/1/13): moderately to fairly bright, small,
round, 20", high surface brightness.
Gradually increases towards the center, then a sharp stellar
nucleus. A mag 14.5 star is at the
southwest edge. Brightest in a
small trio with IC 1698 1.6' SSW and
See identification notes for IC 107
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01 25 56.3 +16 36 06; Psc
V = 13.5; Size 1.2'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 172°
24" (9/8/18): faint to fairly faint, moderately large, slightly elongated N-S, 50"x40", very diffuse. A mag 13 star is close off the north edge [45" from center].
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1702 = Sw. 11-20 on 12 Oct 1896 and reported "eeeF; pS; lE; bet 2 st in meridian; wide D * nf; ee diff." His position is only 5 seconds of RA too far west and the description matches the field perfectly.
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01 26 25.1 -01 38 20; Cet
V = 13.5; Size 1.4'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 45°
17.5" (1/1/92): faint, small, round, broad
concentration, halo gradually fades into background. Located 4.5' WNW of mag 8.7
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1703 = Big. 369 on 27 Oct 1897
while searching for
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IC 1704 = UGC 1027 = MCG +02-04-052 = CGCG 436-054 = PGC 5411
01 27 09.5 +14 46 35; Psc
V = 13.2; Size 1.0'x0.75'; PA = 163°
24" (12/1/13): moderately bright, fairly small, elongated 3:2 ~N-S, ~42"x28", irregular surface brightness, increases to an elongated core. There was a strong impression of structure due to mottling in the halo. A mag 10.7 star lies 3' ENE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1704 = J. 3-881, along with IC 1698, 1700 and 1706, on 18 Jan 1896. He described this nebula as "pB, 40" to 50" diameter, diffuse, irr form, weak and gradual concentration." There is nothing at his position, but Harold Corwin and Malcolm Thomson note that Javelle misidentified his reference star for IC 1704 and 1706. Once his offsets are applied to the correct star, there is an exact match.
Malcolm Thomson notes the CGCG, UGC and MCG all misidentify
IC 1704 as
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01 27 57.0 -35 43 04; Scl
V = 12.6; Size 2.2'x1.4'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 137°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1709 = Sw. 11-21 on 4 Sep 1897 and recorded "eeF; pS R; v diff." His position is 10 seconds of RA east and 2.8' south of NGC 568 = PGC 5468. This galaxy was discovered by John Herschel on 29 Nov 1837. The ESO, PGC and Deep Sky Field Guide (first edition) misidentify ESO 353-004, a much fainter galaxy 4.3' NE, as IC 1709. As Swift makes no mention of NGC 568 in his description, it is much more likely he picked up this brighter galaxy. See Corwin's notes.
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01 30 46.7 +21 26 25; Psc
V = 12.8; Size 1.7'x1.6'; Surf Br = 13.7
17.5" (11/30/91): faint, fairly small, round, 1.0' diameter, low almost even surface brightness, broad mild concentration, edges fade into background.
Stephane Javelle found IC 1710 = J. 3-888 on 18 Jan
1896. His position matches UGC
1081 = PGC 5634. This galaxy was
discovered earlier by Stephan on 17 Oct 1876, but due to a transcription error
by Dreyer, its NGC position is two degrees too far north. So,
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01 31 20.7 -06 52 06; Cet
V = 10.5; Size 4.2'x2.3'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 55°
See observing notes for
E.E. Barnard found IC 1712 on 10 Dec 1888 while observing his comet discovery C/1888 RI with the comet nearly occulting the galaxy! He wrote in his notebook, "The comet's nucleus passed some 30" N of the nucleus of the nebula. The comet is probably 5 times as bright as the nebula and is a great many times larger." The discovery was reported directly to Dreyer, who catalogued it again as IC 1712, though Barnard's position is nearly identical to NGC 584. Barnard later added the comment “NGC 584” in his notebook, obviously after getting around to checking the NGC, so he was aware of the equivalence but perhaps never passed this information along to Dreyer.
Based on a photograph taken between 1914-16 at the Helwan
Observatory in Egypt, IC 1712 was misidentified as
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01 32 57.0 -16 32 08; Cet
V = 13.4; Size 1.3'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 32°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1714 = Sw. 12-7 on 20 Sep 1897 and reported "eeF, R, S, lE, 8m * n, e dif[ficult]." There is nothing near his position (01 32 54 -13 30.0, for 2000) or even searching east or west several degrees. But Harold Corwin suggests Swift may have made a 3 degree error in declination and IC 1714 = NGC 594. This galaxy has a mag 9 star 9' N, which is consistent with Swift's description. Considering his errors and poor positions near the end of his observing career, this identification is reasonable.
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01 37 35.9 -33 55 27; Scl
V = 12.8; Size 1.6'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 174°
24" (11/7/18): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, very small bright core. A
mag 14.5 star is off the NE side [1.1' NE of center]. Located 30' SW of mag 6.5
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1719 = Sw. 11-22 on 4 Sep 1897 and reported "vF; S; R; eF * near n[orth]-f[ollowing]." The IC description calls the nearby star "cF" or "considerably faint", probably from one of his earlier lists. His position is 3.8' S too far south and this galaxy has a mag 10 star 7' NE, perhaps the mentioned star.
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01 40 21.6 -28 54 46; Scl
V = 12.9; Size 1.2'x0.9'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 164°
24" (11/7/18): at 260x; moderately bright, slightly
elongated, 45"x35" NNW-SSE, broad concentration with a slightly
brighter core region, no nucleus.
Two mag 14.5 stars are less than 2' S. Located 15.7' NE of mag 7.4
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1720 = Sw. 11-23 on 30 Oct 1897 and reported "eeF; extremely small; R; B * in margin of field p]receding]." The bright star is mag 7.4 HD 10209.
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01 47 30.0 +27 19 59; Tri
V = 11.5; Size 6.9'x3.1'; Surf Br = 14.7; PA = 150°
24" (12/28/13): fairly faint, very large, very
elongated 3:1 NW-SE, low surface brightness, ~2.5'x0.8' though the outer halo
fades into the background gradually so the dimensions are difficult to
estimate. Contains a slightly
brighter "bar" that is extended 4:1 or 5:1 NW-SE, ~45"x10". The halo is more extensive NW of this
bar, so the appearance is asymmetric.
17.5" (1/20/90): very faint, moderately large, elongated 2:1 NW-SE. Very low surface brightness with no distinct edges or core. Located 8' SW of NGC 672.
13.1" (11/5/83): very faint, moderately large, diffuse, ill-defined, elongated NNW-SSE, no central condensation. Forms a pair with NGC 672 8' NE.
Isaac Roberts discovered IC 1727 photographically on 29 Nov 1896 with his 20" reflector from his Starfield Observatory in England. He reported (AN 3429) "It is nearly as large as NGC 672 and distant from centre to centre 8' only; nucleus consists of 6 faint stellar condensations forming a straight line in the direction south following to north preceding and there are 6 or 7 very faint condensations of nebulosity near the preceding margin; 15th mag star on the north preceding margin and a 16th mag star at the south following end of the nucleus." Roberts was very amazed that this galaxy was missed by William and John Herschel and by the assistants at Birr Castle (7 observations of NGC 672) and he felt this object must have "come into the state of visibility during the past half century."
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01 47 55.2 -26 53 32; For
V = 12.6; Size 1.7'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 150°
18" (12/17/11): at 285x appeared moderately bright,
fairly small, elongated 3:2 NNW-SSE, 30"x20". Sharply concentrated with a very small,
very bright core that increases to a stellar nucleus.
18" (12/18/06): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 NNW-SSE, 0.6'x0.4', gradually increases to center. This galaxy appears to have a high surface brightness as if I was viewing the core region only (verified on the DSS). Located 9' SSE of mag 8.9 HD 11020 near the corner where Cetus, Fornax and Sculptor meet.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1729 = Sw. 11-24 on 8 Oct 1896 and noted "pB; eeS; almost stellar; in vacancy." Using the 20-inch refractor at the Chamberlin Observatory in Denver, Howe measured an accurate position and noted, "this looks resolvable, and is equivalent in brightness to a star of mag 10-11. It is very small."
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01 49 57.9 +22 00 44; Ari
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 64°
18" (11/22/03): very faint, extremely small, round,
10" diameter. Located 3.5' NE
of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1730 = J. 3-891 on 17 Jan 1896 and noted "F, nearly round, 20" to 25", gradually condensed." His position is 2' too far north, which Malcolm Thomson notes is due to an error in the position of his BD reference star.
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01 50 12.4 +27 11 46; Tri
V = 13.3; Size 1.5'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 140°
17.5" (12/11/99): very faint, fairly small. Appears as a low surface brightness glow elongated 3:2 WNW-ESE. IC 1731 is located 34' SE of NGC 672 and 5' N of Collinder (Cr) 21.
Isaac Roberts discovered IC 1731 photographically on 29 Nov 1896 with his 20" reflector from his Starfield Observatory in England. He described it (AN 3429) as "Faint; elongated south following to north preceding; faint stellar nucleus; probably a spiral; cluster of stars 9 to 15 mag on the south side 13" following the nucleus."
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01 50 47.9 +35 55 57; And
V = 13.9; Size 1.5'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 62°
17.5" (10/17/87): faint, fairly small, edge-on
WSW-ENE. A mag 15 star is at the
NE edge 18" from the center.
Located 5.3' N of mag 7.3
13.1" (10/20/84): very faint, small, elongated WSW-ENE. One or two extremely faint stars possibly involved. Located between two stars mag 7 and 8.
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1732 = Big. 248 on 17 Nov 1881. His unreduced position was 4' too far west, nearly identical to offsets of 12 other galaxies that he viewed in the same general area. Stephan didn't publish the discovery, so didn't receive credit in the NGC.
Bigourdan rediscovered IC 1732 ten years later on 6 Nov 1891. He described Big. 248 as 40" to 50" in diameter with a condensation of 12".
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01 50 42.9 +33 04 56; Tri
V = 13.3; Size 1.2'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 50°
24" (9/15/12): fairly faint to moderately bright,
fairly small, slightly elongated, 0.7'x0.6', bright core. Forms a close pair with
17.5" (10/5/02): fairly faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated, 0.8'x0.7, weak concentration.
Located 2.0' S of mag 10.8
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1733 = J. 3-892, along with IC 1735, on 13 Nov 1903 and noted "F, nearly round, 15" to 20", granular."
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01 49 17.1 -32 44 33; For
V = 12.8; Size 1.6'x1.3'
24" (11/7/18): at 260x; faint, fairly small, roundish, low surface brightness, 30" diameter. The contrast was fairly poor at a low elevation and at the edge of the light dome just east.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1734 = Sw. 11-25 on 17 Nov 1897 and logged "eeF; pS; R; 2 faint st p[receding] point to it." Delisle Stewart found the galaxy again on a photograph taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station with the Bruce 24" astrograph. It was described as "F, S, E at 100°, considerably brighter middle."
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IC 1735 = MCG +05-05-018 = PGC 6803
01 50 51.7 +33 05 32; Tri
Size 0.7'x0.5'; PA = 168°
24" (9/15/12): fairly faint, small, elongated 3:2 NNW-SSE, 24"x18". Forms a close pair with brighter IC 1733 1.9' WSW. Located 2' SE of a mag 10.8 star on the west side of AGC 260.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1735 = J. 3-893, along with IC 1733, on 13 Nov 1903 and noted "a little fainter than the preceding [IC 1733], 15" to 20", granular."
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01 51 07.9 -09 47 31; Cet
V = 13.9; Size 0.9'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 80°
13.1" (12/22/84): faint, small, round. Forms a pair with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1738 = Sw. 11-26 on 8 Dec 1895 and noted "eeF; vS; GC 418 [NGC 701] p." His RA is 37 seconds too large and dec is 3' too far south, but this is the only candidate near NGC 701. Herbert Howe measured an accurate micrometric position in 1899-00 at Denver, so the IC position is very good.
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01 52 59.7 +12 42 30; Ari
V = 12.9; Size 1.8'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 57°
17.5" (12/4/93): fairly faint, elongated 2:1 SW-NE,
1.5'x0.7', broad weak concentration but no nucleus. Located 8' WNW of mag 7.5
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1743 = Big. 250 on 1 Jan
1892. He noted "Could be NGC
716, which could not be found, but with a 20' error in declination." His position corresponds with UGC
1351. He was correct in assuming
this object was
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01 53 38.8 +19 50 26; Ari
V = 13.2; Size 1.4'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 150°
See observing notes for
Stephane Javelle found IC 1744 = J. 3-896 on 18 Jan 1896 with the 30" refractor at the Nice Observatory. His position matches NGC 719 = UGC 1360. Heinrich d'Arrest discovered this galaxy on 24 Nov 1861 but his single position is 13 sec of RA too large and Dreyer assumed J. 3-896 was new. MCG labels this galaxy IC 1744 and UGC correctly equates NGC 719 = IC 1744.
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01 57 35.8 +63 19 19; Cas
V = 12.0; Size 13"
48" (10/27/16): at 610x; very bright, small, round, aqua (blue-green) color, 12" diameter. The planetary is annular (though not a high contrast) with a darker center. The rim is unevenly lit, slightly mottled, and brighter along the entire eastern side.
48" (10/23/11): at 375x appeared as a very bright, small, bluish planetary with an irregularly brighter rim, slightly fainter on the west side of the rim. At 488x, this is a very interesting annular planetary with a dark center and a relatively thick brighter rim that appears clumpy. The rim dims, though, on the west side, so the annularity is incomplete. Overall the impression is a thick crescent spanning 270°.
18" (11/17/08): immediately picked up at 175x as a small bluish disc, ~12" diameter. Situated within a distinctive 20' curving chain of stars that passes through much of the field. Very good contrast gain using an OIII filter. At 450x, the planetary is slightly elongated WNW-ESE, ~15"x12", and weakly annular. At 800x it appeared irregularly brighter along the rim with a knotty structure, particularly along the northern half. Located 30' SE of mag 3.4 Epsilon Cas.
13.1" (12/7/85): at 166x without a filter appeared moderately bright, very small, round, about 12" diameter. Takes 360x but no structure is visible. Surrounded by three mag 13 stars 0.8' N, 1.0' SW and 1.3' E of center. Three collinear mag 11 stars oriented SSW-NNE begin 3' NE. Located just 30' SE of mag 3.3 Epsilon Cas.
8": just non-stellar at 125x. Definite disk at 220x and possibly slightly elongated NW-SE. Three mag 11 stars on a line are to the NE.
Williamina Fleming discovered IC 1747 = HN 103 in 1905 at Harvard College Observatory while classifying stars by examining photographic objective-prism spectra. A note in the 1905 Harvard College Observatory Circular No. 98 ("Stars Having Peculiar Spectra") reads "assumed to be the following and southern of two faint and difficult objects, which also appears somewhat hazy. The spectrum consists of a bright band having wavelength of about 5000. Therefore, this object has been assumed to be a gaseous nebula."
Based on Crossley photographs, Heber Curtis (1918) described, "central star about mag 14. Nearly round disk 13" in diameter, with an indistinct ring effect, strongest in the north and south and fading out along an axis in pa 90° [E-W]."
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01 56 18.6 +04 04 34; Psc
V = 14.5; Size 1.0'x0.2'; PA = 64°
24" (1/1/22): at 375x; very faint, fairly small,
elongated nearly 3:1 SW-NE, 30"x10", low even surface brightness. A
mag 15.4 star is 0.8' SSW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1750 = J. 3-899, along with IC 1754, on 21 Dec 1903. His position matches.
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01 56 21.0 +05 37 44; Psc
V = 11.1; Size 3.0'x2.9'; Surf Br = 13.5
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1751 = Sw. 11-28 on 26 Nov 1897 and
reported, "pF; pS; R; 9m * near np." His position is 6' northwest of NGC 741 and Dreyer assumed
it was new. Herbert Howe corrected
Swift's position though didn't make the connection with NGC 741. CGCG misidentifies
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01 57 19.3 +28 35 21; Tri
V = 14.8; Size 0.5'x0.4'
24" (11/21/19): at 322x and 375x; fairly faint, small,
round, compact with a well defined 20" halo, moderately high surface
brightness, slightly brighter nucleus. A mag 15.2 star is 30" SW and a
slightly brighter mag 15.0 star 45" NW. Located 10' NW of mag 7.1
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1753 = J. 3-901 on 17 Nov 1903.
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IC 1754 = UGC 1424 = CGCG 413-011 = PGC 7307
01 56 49.9 +04 01 32.2; Psc
V = 14.5; Size 1.0'x1.0'
24" (1/1/22): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 0.3' diameter, moderate surface brightness, small bright core. Two mag 14 and 14.5 stars are 1' WNW and 2' W. IC 1750 lies 8.4' WNW and IC 174 is 18' SSW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1754 = J. 3-902, along with IC 1750, on 21 Dec 1903. His position matches.
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01 57 05.3 -00 28 06; Cet
V = 14.6; Size 1.3'x0.2'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 153°
48" (10/27/19): at 375x and 542x; fairly faint,
moderately large, thin edge-on ~7:1 NNW-SSE, ~1.0'x0.15', brighter core but no
significant bulge. A mag 14 star is just off the eastern edge, 0.3' SE of
center. Two mag 13.7/15.5 stars
close SW "point" to the SSE end of the galaxy. Forms a non-physical pair with
24" (9/28/19): at 322x; very faint, fairly small, very elongated 4:1 NNW-SSE, ~40"x10", low even surface brightness, no core. A mag 14 star is at the southeast edge and galaxy is a dim streak extending mostly NNW from the star. A mag 13.7 star is 1.7' SW.
IC 1757, which lies far in the background at 1.1 billion l.y., lies 1.5' E.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1756, along with IC 1757. The discovery date and telescope is
unknown as he communicated the discovery directly to Dreyer, but he was
probably observing with the Lick 36-inch refractor. The MCG misidentified this galaxy (
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01 57 11.4 -00 28 26; Cet
V = 15.9; Size 0.4'x0.2'; PA = 55°
48" (10/27/19): at 375x and 542x; fairly faint, small, round, 12" diameter, very small brighter nucleus. Located 1.6' ESE of edge-on IC 1756, which lies in the foreground. At a light-travel time of 1.1 billion years, IC 1757 is one of the most distant galaxies in the NGC/IC that was discovered visually.
24" (9/28/19): at 322x; extremely faint, very small, 10" diameter, low even surface brightness. Required careful averted vision for extended glimpses, but could hold for up to 2 seconds. Situated just 1.5' E of brighter IC 1756.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1757, along with IC 1756. The discovery date and telescope is unknown as he communicated the discovery directly to Dreyer, but he was probably observing with the Lick 36-inch refractor.
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01 57 55.4 -32 59 13; For
V = 13.0; Size 1.5'x1.4'; Surf Br = 13.7
24" (11/7/18): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 40" diameter, very weak concentration. Located 8' NW of mag 6.4
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1759 = Sw. 11-29 on 29 Sep 1897
and reported "pB; vS; R; BM; 10m * v close sp." His position is 6' too far southwest
(RA 25 seconds too small) and the bright star is not southwest as stated, but
southeast. He found the galaxy
again on 17 Nov but due to a transcription error the declination for Sw. 11-30
(later
******************************
IC 1760 = IC 1759 = ESO 354-018 = MCG -06-05-016 = PGC 7400
01 57 55.4 -32 59 13; For
V = 13.0; Size 1.5'x1.4'; Surf Br = 13.7
See observing notes for IC 1759.
Lewis Swift found IC 1760 = Sw. 11-30 on 17 Nov 1897 and reported (11th discovery list), "eF; pS; R; Cordoba 681 sp." There is nothing near his position but 1° south is IC 1759 (also discovered by Swift on 29 Sep 1897). Corwin sorts out Swift's error and concludes IC 1760 = IC 1759.
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01 58 52.2 +00 34 06; Cet
V = 14.2; Size 0.9'x0.5'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 47°
24" (12/22/14): faint, small, round 12" diameter
(only the core seen with certainty).
Located 3.7' NE of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1761 = J. 904 on 18 Dec 1897 and recorded "vF, vS, R, gradually brighter middle to a nucleus." His position is 1' too far north. Harold Corwin comments that "IC 1761 was not seen by Lewis Swift as some have suggested (see NGC 768 for that story)."
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IC 1762 = ESO 354-017 = MCG -06-05-015 = PGC 7393
01 57 48.6 -33 14 23; For
V = 13.5; Size 1.8'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 43°
24" (12/6/18): at 260x; very faint, moderately large, very elongated 3:1 or 7:2 SW-NE, 0.9'x0.35'. Appears as a ghostly streak (thicker in the middle) with averted vision and appears fainter than the listed magnitude. Located 13' SW of mag 6.4 HD 12135. IC 1759 lies 15' due N.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1762 = Sw. 11-31 on 6 Sep 1897 and called it "eeeF; pS; R; 7m * in field [north-following], another susp[ected]." His position is 5' too far southeast (very common in his last year of observing) but a mag 6.4 star is 13' NE, confirming the identification. Delisle Stewart found the galaxy again on a photograph taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station with the Bruce 24" astrograph. It was described as "cF, S, vE at 45°, considerably brighter middle."
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01 59 11.8 -27 48 38; For
Size 1.1'x0.9'; PA = 45°
24" (11/7/18): at 260x; very faint, fairly small,
round, 25"-30" diameter, low surface brightness with little or no
central brightening (like a face-on Sc spiral). Situated 9' NNW of mag 8.3
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1763 = Sw. 12-8 on 10 Oct 1897 and reported it as "eeF, S, R, 8m * S[outh], lf." His position is about 25 seconds of RA too far west (not unusual at all in last discovery list) and the 8th mag star 9' SSE clinches the identification.
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02 01 06.4 +31 52 57; Tri
V = 12.1; Size 1.6'x1.4'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 35°
See observing notes for
E.E. Barnard found IC 1765 in the early 1890's at Lick
Observatory and communicated the discovery directly to Dreyer. Barnard's position is about 30 seconds
of RA west and 2' S of NGC 783, so Dreyer must have thought it was a different
object. Most likely IC 1765 = NGC
783 (
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IC 1766 = NGC 785 = UGC 1509 = MCG +05-05-046 = CGCG 503-076 = PGC 7694
02 01 40.0 +31 49 35; Tri
V = 13.2; Size 1.5'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 80°
See observing notes for NGC 785.
E.E. Barnard found IC 1766 in the early 1890's at Lick Observatory and communicated the discovery directly to Dreyer. Barnard's position is about 30 seconds of RA west and 3' S of NGC 785, so Dreyer must have thought it was a different object. Almost certainly IC 1766 = NGC 785 as Barnard's IC 1765 has a similar offset from NGC 783!
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01 59 59.4 -11 04 44; Cet
Size 1.7'x0.6'; PA = 75°
24" (12/28/16): at 375x; fairly faint, moderately large, elongated 5:2 WSW-ENE, ~1.2'x.0.5', large brighter core, no nucleus. The halo brightens slightly at the WSW edge - perhaps a knot in the galaxy?
I was pleased when I checked later and found the PanSTARRS-1 image clearly shows a small galaxy (identified as 2MASX J01595678-1104533 in NED) at the position I noted. Although this galaxy appears to be superimposed, I don’t know whether the companion is actually at the same distance (no published redshift) or possibly in front of IC 1767.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1767 = Sw. 11-32 on 18 Dec 1895
and reported "eeF; pS; bet[ween] the 2 southern of 4 st in
trapezium." His position is
~2.5' too far south, but the identification is certain.
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02 00 49.9 -25 01 36; For
Size 1.3'x1.1'; PA = 47°
24" (11/7/18): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 30" diameter, broad weak concentration. Three mag 9.5-10.5 in an equilateral triangle (sides ~3.5') lies roughly 7' SE. IC 1768 is the brightest in a collinear trio with comparable redshifts.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1768 = Sw. 11-33 on 8 Oct 1896 and
reported "eeeF; pS; R; 3 9m st near sf form equilateral triangle; ee
diff[icult]." His position is
about 4' S of
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02 04 02.1 +30 49 59; Tri
V = 13.7; Size 1.4'x0.3'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 7°
See observing notes for
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1773 = Big. 372 on 24 Dec 1897 while searching for NGC 804. As Swift's RA was 22 seconds too large Bigourdan mistook a faint star for NGC 804 and when he picked up Big. 372 = NGC 804, he assumed it was new. So IC 1773 is a rediscovery of NGC 804 with discovery priority to Swift. See Corwin's notes.
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02 06 19.4 +09 13 39; Psc
V = 14.0; Size 1.4'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 24°
See observing notes for
Stephane Javelle found IC 1778 = J. 912 on 29 Jan 1897. This was his second observation of IC
199, having discovered it on 15 Dec 1892, along with
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02 06 52.8 -00 31 05; Cet
V = 14.2; Size 0.65'x0.5'; PA = 126°
24" (12/28/16): at 432x; faint, very small, round,
20" diameter, low surface brightness patch with no structure.
In the 1980s, prominent broad lines appeared in the optical
spectrum of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1781 = J. 3-915 on 8 Oct 1896 and noted "faint, round, 15" to 20" diameter, stellar nucleus mag 14."
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02 07 20.1 -25 26 31; For
V = 12.6; Size 1.8'x1.3'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 110°
See observing notes for
John Herschel discovered NGC 823 = h196 on 14 Oct 1830 and recorded "A vF double star enclosed in a vF neb." Herschel also observed this nebula at the Cape (h2460) and gave the same description.
Lewis Swift found this object on 8 Oct 1896 searching for Comet 1889V (Brooks). Sw. 11-34 (later IC 1782) was described as "vF; D* of = mag in nebulosity. Curious object." He added the note "This appears like a nebulous double star, but I think it is simply a double star in a nebula. There is a vast difference between a nebulous star, and a star in a nebula." Dreyer must have missed the close match of Swift's and Herschel's position and their descriptions are virtually identical. So, NGC 823 = IC 1782. See Corwin's notes.
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02 10 06.1 -32 56 23; For
V = 12.5; Size 2.0'x0.8'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 3°
17.5" (10/8/94): faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 SSW-NNE, 1.5'x0.7', broad concentration. A mag 13 star is 1.8' WSW of center.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1783 = Sw. 11-35 on 29 Dec 1897 and recorded "vF; vS; eE; nearly 0°; F * p." His position is fairly poor, but the identification is certain based on his description. Swift originally included it in his third list of new nebulae from Lowe Observatory and gave the discovery date as 4 Sep 1787 with a less detailed description ("very faint, small, vE, one * nr.") and it was given in his fourth list with date 29 Sep 1897! Delisle Stewart found the galaxy again on a photograph taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station with the Bruce 24" astrograph. He described it as "cB, cL, vmE at 0°, considerably brighter middle."
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02 16 12.8 +32 38 58; Tri
V = 13.1; Size 1.7'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 94°
24" (12/17/22): at 327x; fairly faint, moderately
large, elongated 2:1 or 5:2 E-W, ~50"x24", broad concentration,
overall diffuse. Forms a pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1784 = J. 3-916 on 20 Jan 1898. His position is 1' too far south.
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IC 1785 = MCG +05-06-021 = CGCG 504-044 = LGG 055-005 = PGC 8682
02 16 21.0 +32 39 59; Tri
V = 14.5; Size 0.8'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 146°
24" (12/17/22): at 327x; faint, small, slightly elongated NW-SE, 20"x15". A mag 15.2 star is 0.7' SE of center. Forms a physical pair with brighter IC 1784 2' SW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1785 = J. 3-917 on 20 Jan 1898. His position is 1' too far south (same offset as IC 1784).
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02 16 10.4 -11 55 36; Cet
V = 13.6; Size 2.2'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 35°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1787 = Sw. 11-37 on 12 Oct 1896 and recorded "eeF; eeE; a ray bet 2 st p[receding] and f[ollowing]; 8m star near [north-following]." His position is only 1.5' S of IC 1787, but a perfect match in description. Dreyer didn't catch the equivalence IC 1787 = IC 217.
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02 15 50.0 -31 12 04; For
V = 12.3; Size 2.6'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 27°
17.5" (12/28/94): moderately bright, fairly large, nearly edge-on 4:1 SSW-NNE, 2.5'x0.6', broad concentration. A mag 14 star is just west of the SSW end 1.6' from the center. A wide pair of mag 10-11 stars at 36" separation lies 10' SSE. Relatively bright for an IC galaxy.
17.5" (10/29/94): fairly faint, moderately large, very elongated 3:1 SSW-NNE, 2.1'x0.7', broad concentration. A mag 14 star is just preceding the SSW tip.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1788 = Sw. 11-36 on 25 Dec 1897 and logged "pF; pS; R; distant D * nf." In this earlier third discovery list from Lowe Observatory he gave the discovery date as 5 Sep 1897 (apparently correct as the list is date 12 Sep 1897)and called it "pretty bright".
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02 17 51.2 +32 23 46; Tri
V = 13.7; Size 2.2'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 30°
24" (12/17/22): at 327x; fairly faint, elongated ~3:1 SSW-NNE, 0.6'x0.2'. Contains an elongated brighter core 0.3'x0.15'. IC 1784/1785 pair (same redshift) is 25' NW.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1789 on 1 Sep 1888 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. He recorded (in his logbook) "Found another nebula, faint, small, irregular?" His computed position is 5' too far east. He must have sent the discovery later directly to Dreyer.
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02 19 01.1 +34 27 45; Tri
Size 1.5'x1.2'; PA = 45°
24" (1/23/23): at 327x; fairly faint, moderately large, slightly elongated 4:3, ~45" diameter, very small bright core rising to a stellar nucleus. Situated 5' ESE of STF 246, a nice mag 7.8/9.3 pair at 10" separation. Delta Trianguli (mag 4.9) is less than 30' SW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1792 = J. 3-921 on 17 Nov 1903 with the 30" refractor at Nice, France. His position is at the east edge of the galaxy and the identification is certain.
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02 21 32.4 +32 32 40; Tri
V = 13.7; Size 1.2'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 34°
24" (12/17/22): at 327x; faint, very elongated 3:1 SW-NE, 40"x15", small bright core. A mag 10.6 star is 2.5' NE and a "Y" shaped asterism of 4 stars is ~7' NE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1793 = J. 3-922 on 20 Jan 1898. His position is 1' too far south.
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02 26 32 +62 02 29; Cas
Size 21'
18" (10/13/07):
17.5" (11/27/92): observation at 100x using an OIII filter. This is the northeastern section of a large emission complex with NGC 896. Very large, about 10' diameter, roundish, fainter than NGC 895 but still moderately bright. A mag 9.5 star is embedded at the SE edge and several fainter stars are superimposed. A small detached piece of nebulosity is visible about 10' N with a mag 11.5 off the south edge and several fainter stars are at the edges or superimposed. NGC 896 and IC 1795 form the NE component with the IC 1805 ("Heart Nebula") complex spread out to the SE.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1795 photographically, probably with the 6" Willard lens. The IC description is simply "Patch of neby".
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02 28 45.9 +45 58 14; And
V = 13.7; Size 1.1'x0.4'; Surf Br = 12.7; PA = 34°
17.5" (8/5/97): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated
5:2 SW-NE, broad concentration to a brighter core. A mag 14 star is at the west edge . Viewed after glimpsing
UGC 1920 (listed as NGC 920 in all modern sources) appeared
extremely faint, moderately large, ~1.5' diameter, very low surface brightness,
required averted vision to glimpse.
This roundish unconcentrated glow is situated within a group of stars
including a mag 11 star 1.6' WSW and mag 13 stars 1' NW and 1' SE. I would not have noticed this object
without averted vision and knowing the exact location using a printed finder
chart. Located 9.5' W of much
brighter NGC 920 = IC 1799 and 15' WNW of
17.5" (11/26/94): fairly faint, fairly small, elongated
5:2 SSW-NNE, 1.0'x0.4', broad concentration to a fairly bright core and
occasional stellar nucleus. A mag
14 star is very close west and a mag 12 star (unequal double) is 1.4' NNW. Located in a rich star field 11' WSW of
a mag 7
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1799 = Big. 251 on 28 Jan 1891. Lewis Swift is likely the original discoverer on 11 Sep 1885, but his position was 1.0 minute of time too small and Bigourdan assumed his discovery was new. I suggested the equivalence of NGC 920 = IC 1799 = UGC 1943 to Corwin and Steinicke, instead of the standard identification NGC 920 = UGC 1920. They both concur with this identity. See NGC 920, as well as Corwin's identification notes.
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02 28 12.9 +19 34 60; Ari
V = 13.8; Size 1.3'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 30°
17.5" (1/20/90): very faint, very small, elongated
SW-NE, low surface brightness.
Forms a double system very close off the southeast end of
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1801 = J. 3-926 on 18 Dec 1897 and recorded "F, 20" to 25", gradually little brighter middle, dif." It's a bit surprising that Lewis Swift, who discovered NGC 935, missed this faint companion.
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02 29 14.0 +23 04 58; Ari
V = 13.5; Size 1.3'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 120°
24" (1/1/16): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 30" diameter, very small bright core. A mag 12 star is 1' NW. A faint companion (
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1802 on 1 Dec 1877 with a second observation 4 nights later. His second position was accurate, although he apparently missed IC 1803 and 1804. Stephan failed to publish his discovery, so this galaxy didn't receive a NGC designation.
E.E. Barnard rediscovered IC 1802, along with IC 1803 and 1804, on 29 Oct 1888 using the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. His notebook sketch clearly identifies the trio, with IC 1802 = CGCG 483-067 = PGC 9462, although his computed position (sent directly to Dreyer) is poor 33 seconds of time too small and 2.2' too far north. He noted "the p[receding] of 3. 1' s.f. 11m star." His poor position for IC 1803, though, happens to fall closer to IC 1802 and PGC, RC3 and HyperLeda (as well as secondary sources such as Uranometria 2000.0 Sky Atlas and Megastar) misidentify IC 1802 as IC 1803. NED has the correct position as Harold Corwin correctly identified this galaxy.
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IC 1803 = MCG +04-06-058 = PGC 9507
02 29 50.0 +23 06 31; Ari
V = 14.4; Size 0.5'x0.5'
24" (1/1/16): at 375x; faint, very small, round,
15" diameter. Fainter of a
pair with
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1803, along with IC 1802 and 1804, on 29 Oct 1888 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. His notebook sketch clearly identifies the trio, with IC 1803 = MCG +04-06-058 = PGC 9507, although his computed position (sent directly to Dreyer) is 32 seconds of time too small and 2.5' too far north (similar offset as IC 1802). He noted "the p[receding] of 2 [with IC 1804], occasionally a star like point seen in b [IC 1803]."
His poor position for IC 1803, though, falls closer to this galaxy and PGC, RC3 and HyperLeda (as well as secondary sources such as Uranometria 2000.0 Sky Atlas and Megastar) misidentify IC 1802 as IC 1803.
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IC 1804 = MCG +04-06-060 = CGCG 483-068 = PGC 9512
02 29 54.4 +23 05 49; Ari
V = 13.8; Size 0.9'x0.9'
24" (1/1/16): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
round, 24" diameter, small brighter nucleus, low surface brightness
halo. Brighter of a pair with IC
1803 1.3' NW.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1804, along with IC 1802 and
1803, on 29 Oct 1888. His notebook
sketch clearly identifies the trio, with IC 1804 (marked as "c")
correspoinding to
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IC 1805 = Ced 7 = Sh 2-190 = LBN 656 = W4 = LBN 654 = Cr 26 = Mel 15 = Heart Nebula
02 32 42 +61 27; Cas
V = 6.5; Size 100'x80'
18" (10/13/07): IC 1805, which is dubbed the
"Heart Nebula", is a cluster (
Adding an OIII filter, the cluster was encased in a fairly bright, irregular glow, ~12-15' in diameter and extending mostly to the east of the cluster. There appears to be dark lanes or obscuring dust involved as the surface brightness is irregular with brighter filaments within the glow. Fainter nebulosity extends to the east and then abruptly bifurcates into two branches, one heading NE and the other SE. There's a sharp border to the nebulosity at the split as the sky directly east immediately darkens, adding to the contrast.
Following the stream of nebulosity to the NE, it extends
roughly 20' in that direction but then curves back sharply towards the west
where it meanders for 30'-40', ending about 30' N of the cluster. Only 20' E of
the bend at the NE corner is the fairly large open cluster,
The southern river of nebulosity can be followed around in a
huge loop. First it gently curves to the south or SSE for ~40' and then loops
back sharply towards the west (this band forms the southern boundary of the
"Heart") for at least 40', heading towards a distinctive N-S string
of 5 stars with a length of 6'. This group is catalogued as Markarian 6 = Stock
7. At the south end of
At this point, the rim bends to the north and brightens noticeably in a 10' patch. It dims and continues on further to the north, passing about 25' W of the cluster and fades out pretty close to NGC 896, a nearly isolated bright patch to the NW of the main structure. Near the northwest end of IC 1805 is Tombaugh 4, a low surface brightness cluster that requires high power to partially resolve.
I had now traced around the entire outline of the "Heart Nebula" visible on wide-field images, scanning over a degree and a half from north to south and perhaps 1.25° in extent from west to east. The entire outline, including the weaker interior glow, was also visible at 12.5x in my 80mm finder using an OIII filter, although without the detail visible in the main scope.
NGC 896 and IC 1795 are parts of a fairly bright, detailed region at the NW corner of this huge ring. The complex appears split into three or 4 distinct sections by dust lanes (LDN 1359). The largest section is IC 1795, which extends mostly north of a mag 10 star for ~8'. To the west of the mag 10 star is a dust lane oriented NW-SE and beyond this lane to the west is a small, moderately high surface brightness glow (NGC 896) of 2' diameter. To the east of the star is another broad dust lane extending N-S and east of this lane is a fainter wash of nebulosity that streams to the north for over 15' in length. It passes through mag 9 SAO 12287 and just north of this star the nebulosity has another small, brighter patch. Initially, I thought the complex ended here on the NE side, but additional fainter nebulosity was noticed spreading out to the west, increasing the total size to 15'-20' for both N-S and E-W directions.
Comparing my descriptions to the MegaStar outline, I noticed that the cluster Mrk 6 (perhaps it's an asterism) is not plotted, although the brighter stars are, of course. Secondly, the outline shows a large gap between the NW end of the Heart and NGC 896. Visually, it appeared the Heart Nebula extended closer to 896. Finally, I picked up additional nebulosity to the north of NGC 896 not shown on MegaStar. At the section of the rim ~25' W of Mel 15 is the "bright-rimmed cloud" BRC 5, which was not noticed visually, though contains many T Tauri candidates.
17.5" (11/27/92): about 125 stars forming a bright, very large 40' field at 100x. In the center is an oval ring consisting of about 30 stars within a 4'-5' diameter including a bright 8th magnitude multiple star (Stein 368). The brighter stars in the outer region form a rough incomplete circular outline. Using 100x with an OIII filter, the associated nebulosity (LBN 654) is clearly entwined within a large portion of the cluster.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1805 photographically with the
discovery communicated directly to Dreyer. The NGC position is off by 1 minute of time in RA (same as
The Heart (IC 1805) and Soul (
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02 30 31.0 +22 57 00; Ari
V = 14.5; Size 0.5'x0.5'
24" (11/21/19): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, round, 24" diameter, contains a brighter quasi-stellar nucleus. Collinear with a mag 11.6 star 2' SW and a mag 13.1 star 2.4' NE. IC 1809 lies 16' ESE.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1807 = J. 3-928, along with
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02 30 31.0 -04 12 59; Cet
V = 13.4; Size 0.7'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.5
See observing notes for
Stephane Javelle found IC 1808 = J. 3-929 on 14 Dec 1903. His position matches MCG -01-07-017 = PGC 9545. This galaxy was discovered by Leavenworth in 1886 but his rough RA for LM 2-339 (later NGC 963) was 1.3 minutes too large. So, NGC 963 = IC 1808, with discovery priority to Leavenworth.
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IC 1809 = UGC 1996 = MCG +04-07-004 = CGCG 484-002 = III Zw 48 = PGC 9616
02 31 40.4 +22 55 02; Ari
V = 14.1; Size 1.0'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 50°
24" (11/21/19): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 3:2 NW-SE, 30"x20". A faint star is superimposed at the NE tip [12" from center]. IC 1807 lies 16' WNW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1809 = J. 3-930, along with IC 1807, on 16 Jan 1896.
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02 30 38.2 -34 15 51; For
V = 13.4; Size 1.3'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 7°
24" (11/7/18): fairly faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated N-S, ~0.6"x0.5", slightly brighter core. A mag 14.6 star is at the east edge
[24" ESE of center]. A wide
mag 13.5/14 pair is 3.5' NW. Forms
a pair with slightly smaller
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1811 = Sw. 11-38, along with IC 1813, on 22 Dec 1897 and reported "eeeF; S; R; D * nearly p; np of 2." His position is 40 seconds of RA too small. He confused the orientation in his description as his position is correctly southwest of IC 1813, and the"D[ouble] *" is probably the pair northwest.
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IC 1813 = ESO 355-022 = AM 0228-342 NED2 = MCG -06-06-009 =
02 30 49.5 -34 13 15; For
V = 13.2; Size 1.2'x0.9'; PA = 102°
24" (11/7/18): fairly faint, fairly small, slightly elongated E-W, ~30" diameter, slightly brighter core. Forms a pair with IC 1811 3.5' SW. A wide mag 13.5/14 pair is 4' W and a mag 13 star is less than 2' N [unequal double].
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1813 = Sw. 11-39, along with IC 1811, on 22 Dec 1897 and reported "eF; eS; R; F * near n; D * np; sf of 2."
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02 31 05.8 -36 02 06; For
V = 12.6; Size 2.0'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.5; PA = 31°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1814 = Sw. 11-40 on 22 Dec 1897 and reported "pB; pS; vE." There is nothing at his position but 40 seconds of RA east is NGC 964. This galaxy was discovered by John Herschel on 1 Sep 1834 and described as "B, pmE, pretty suddenly brighter middle, 30" long; position 215.7 degrees." So, IC 1814 = NGC 964, with discovery priority to Herschel.
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02 34 20.0 +32 25 46; Tri
V = 12.9; Size 1.7'x1.6'; Surf Br = 13.8
18" (1/26/11): fairly faint to moderately bright,
fairly small, round, 35" diameter, even moderate concentration to a small
bright core and stellar nucleus.
Located 3.5' SE of mag 7.6
17.5" (11/30/91): fairly faint, small, irregularly
round, small bright core, stellar nucleus. Located 3.5' ESE of mag 7.5
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1815 = J. 3-931 on 20 Jan 1898 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory. He recorded "F, R, 20" to 25", gradually brighter in the middle, mag 14 stellar nucleus."
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02 31 51.0 -36 40 19; For
V = 13.0; Size 1.3'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.5
24" (11/7/18): at 260x; nearly moderately bright
(affected by low elevation), round, 35" diameter, bright core with a small
brighter nucleus. Two mag 10.2 and
11.3 stars (separation ~1.5') lies ~5' NW. Located 15' SSW of mag 6.3
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1816 = Sw. 11-41 on 12 Oct 1896 and noted "vF; S; R; wide D * near p[receding]." His position is 5' too far south and the wide double is ~5' NW.
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IC 1824 = NGC 1027 = Cr 30 = Mel 16
02 42 35 +61 35 42; Cas
V = 6.7; Size 20'
See observing notes for NGC 1027.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1824 (probably photographically) in the early 1890's at Lick Observatory. The discovery was transmitted directly to Dreyer and not published. His position is at the west edge of the cluster NGC 1027 and his description reads "Cl, sts F, perh[aps] F neby p extends to it." William Herschel discovered NGC 1027 on 3 Nov 1787. So IC 1824 = NGC 1027.
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02 39 03.6 -27 26 37; For
V = 12.8; Size 1.7'x1.4'; Surf Br = 13.5
17.5" (12/9/01): moderately bright and large, elongated
4:3 WNW-ESE, 1.2'x0.9', brighter core.
A mag 10.5 star (
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1826 = Sw. 11-42 on 6 Sep 1897 and
noted "pB; cS; R, 8m * near preceding." His RA is 38 seconds too small, but the mag 10.4 star close
west clinches the identification.
DeLisle Stewart found this galaxy again on a photographic plate taken in
1901 at Harvard's station in Arequipa, Peru. He referenced Swift's position, but assumed D.S. 162 (later
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02 39 46.5 +01 33 30; Cet
V = 13.7; Size 1.1'x0.2'; Surf Br = 12.0; PA = 154°
17.5" (11/26/94): faint, small, very elongated 3:1
NW-SE, 0.6'x0.2', bright core. A
mag 13 star is very close to the SE end 28" from the center. Forms a pair with
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1827 = J. 3-938 on 21 Dec 1903 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory. He recorded "F, 15" to 20", fan-shaped, star 13-14 in contact."
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02 40 29.1 +19 17 50; Ari
V = 13.2; Size 1.4'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 5°
See observing notes for
Stephane Javelle found IC 1828 = J. 3-939 on 18 Jan 1898. His position matches NGC 1036 = UGC 2160, a galaxy discovered by William Herschel with a fairly good position. So it's surprising neither Javelle nor Dreyer realized that IC 1828 = NGC 1036.
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IC 1830 = IC 1826 = Haro 18 = ESO 416-006 = MCG -05-07-012 = UGCA 37 = PGC 10041
02 39 03.6 -27 26 37; For
V = 12.8; Size 1.7'x1.4'; Surf Br = 13.5
17.5" (12/9/01): moderately bright and large, elongated 4:3 WNW-ESE, 1.2'x0.9', brighter core. A mag 10.5 star (SAO 167947) lies 1.3' W of center.
DeLisle Stewart found IC 1830 = D.S. 162 on a photographic plate taken in 1901 at Harvard's station in Arequipa, Peru. He noted "vF, S, susp, ef* 1.5' sp." Lewis Swift discovered this galaxy on 6 Sep 1897 and recorded Sw. 11-42 as "pB; cS; R, 8m * near preceding." His RA was 38 seconds too small so Dreyer assumed the two objects were different, but the equivalence IC 1826 = 1830 is certain.
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02 41 38.7 -28 10 17; For
V = 13.1; Size 1.5'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 63°
24" (1/1/19): at 260x; fairly faint, moderately large,
oval 4:3 SW-NE, well defined brighter 25" core. Low surface brightness halo with averted,
~50"x35". Located 16' W
of mag 6.8
A quadruple system (
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1833 = Sw. 11-43 on 22 Dec 1897, reporting "eeF; S; R; 3 fine D st nf, each about 7" [separation]." His RA is 18 seconds too small, but the identification is certain with the pairs to the NNE. Howe's accurate position (measured in 1900) was used in the IC 2.
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02 43 31.3 +00 18 25; Cet
V = 13.4; Size 1.5'x0.5'; Surf Br = 12.9; PA = 11°
See observing notes for
Stephane Javelle found IC 1837 = J. 3-945 on 24 Jan 1898. There is nothing at his position but Harold Corwin found that he reversed the sign of his declination offset from his reference star. Once corrected, IC 1837 = NGC 1072. Although this is a reasonable assumption (it occured in several other cases), it's odd that Javelle described NGC 1072 as round as it appeared noticeably elongated in both of my observations. NGC 1072 as discovered by Stephan on 20 Dec 1881.
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02 43 42.0 -15 42 20; Cet
V = 14.3; Size 0.7'x0.7'; Surf Br = 13.4
18" (11/26/03): very faint, small, slightly elongated
SW-NE, 0.5'x0.4', broad concentration with a round 20" core. Located 6' NW of mag 8.9 SAO
148573.
Herbert Howe found IC 1840 = Ho. 3-7 on 30 Jan 1900 and
reported "vF, vS mbM; near [NGC 1081]." His position matches
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02 43 57.0 -27 58 06; For
V = 9.2/10.3; Size 9"
24" (12/6/18): at 260x, this number possibly applies to the double star HDO 60, a mag 9.2/10.5 pair at 9" separation. It was easily separated at 225x, though when discovered the separation was considerably less and the pair might have appeared nebulous. Bu 261, a close mag 7.9/9.2 pair at 3", lies 5' NW with a very wide mag 10.5 component 1' SE.
SIMBAD identifies
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1845 = Sw. 11-44 on 22 Dec 1897 and noted it as "eeF, S, R, D[ouble] * np". There is nothing near his position except a mag 10.3 star, which hardly could be called "eeF". Corwin suggests this number refers to the double star, a mag 9.2/10.3 pair at 9" (only 5" separation in 1870), which is situated 1 minute of RA west of Swift's position. Furthermore, there is a very bright and wide double roughly 4' NW that would fit Swift's position. ESO suggested ESO 416-015, situated about 40 seconds of RA east of Swift's position, might be IC 1845 (this is the identification adopted by SIMBAD, but there is no double star northwest, so this identification seems less likely.
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02 47 43.6 +13 15 20; Ari
V = 14.0; Size 1.0'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.6
17.5" (1/9/99): faint, small, round, 25" diameter, weak concentration, very faint stellar nucleus with direct vision. Situated 2.5' ENE of a mag 11.5 star. The NGC identification of this galaxy is very uncertain due to poor positions in the group by Marth and UGC, MCG and CGCG identify this galaxy as IC 1846.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1846 = J. 3-952, along with
UGC, MCG, CGCG, PGC and HyperLeda label this galaxy as IC 1846, but NED and SIMBAD give NGC 1109 as the primary designation with IC 1846 as an alternate designation. See my notes, Corwin's notes and Courtney Seligman's entry for NGC 1109.
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IC 1848 = Ced 9 = Sh 2-199 = LBN 667 = Cr 32 = Cr 33 = Cr 34 = Soul Nebula = Baby Nebula = Embryo Nebula
02 51 12 +60 24; Cas
V = 6.5; Size 100'x50'
18" (10/13/07): I only took a fairly quick look at this
huge HII region ("Soul Nebula" or "Baby Nebula") at the end
of the evening after a long examination of
Adding an OIII filter greatly increases the contrast and
nebulosity is fairly prominent in several different sections. About 20' E of Cr 32 is a brighter,
elongated patch. To the east of
this patch is a dark lane or intrusion and on the eastern side is a brighter,
10' circular glow (
17.5" (10/2/99): at 100x, this large but weak grouping is dominated by a 2' pair of mag 7/8 stars which are both surrounded by several close, faint companions. The surrounding 1° field is undistinguished but it appears weakly concentrated around the bright pair. Faint nebulosity is visible in portions of the field. At 220x, the view is striking with ~12 stars huddled around the southern mag 9 star including a nice pair of mag 12 stars nearly collinear and equally spaced. The brighter mag 7 star (STF 306) is surrounded by 8-10 companions. The 20' field is fairly rich but scattered with a matched pair of mag 9 stars ~10' N.
Using a UHC filter at 100x, the field is immersed in a very large, faint nebulosity about a degree in length, elongated E-W. A large, bright region elongated N-S is at the east end, ~35 following the core, and seems detached from the main cloud. It surrounds a weak scattered group (Cr 34) that is devoid of stars in the center. The main body of nebulosity has a sharper border and is generally brighter to the north of the core and fades into the background on the south side. The outline is interesting on the north side with irregular extensions and bulges. A small brighter circular patch stands out at the west end about 10' W of the core.
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1848 photographically and notified Dreyer directly. The IC description reads "Cl, st F, extends 8 min. f, in F neby." The Heart (IC 1805) and Soul (IC 1848) nebulae are part of the Cas OB6 Association, a sprawling complex of gas, dust and massive O- and B-class stars at a distance ~7500 light years in the Perseus Arm.
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IC 1850 = NGC 1111 = LEDA 1426583
02 48 39.3 +13 15 34; Ari
Size 0.7'x0.3'; PA = 9°
17.5" (1/9/99): extremely faint, very small, elongated 3:1 SSW- NNE, ~25"x9". Originally this object appeared virtually stellar as I probably just detected the core but after viewing for awhile the thin extensions were noticed. Located 5.6' NW of IC 1852. The NGC identification from Marth of this galaxy is very uncertain, although it was correctly placed by Javelle (IC 1850). The galaxy chosen by the RNGC is probably incorrect.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1850 = J. 3-955, along with
IC 1846 and 1852, on 7 Jan 1896. His position is a good match with
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02 49 00.4 +13 13 25; Ari
V = 13.8; Size 1.2'x0.9'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 3°
17.5" (1/9/99): very faint, fairly small, ~40"x25". Appears as a very low surface brightness glow with no noticeable concentration and an ill-defined edge. After extended viewing could hold continuously with direct vision. IC 1850 = NGC 1111: lies 5.6' NW and IC 1846 = NGC 1109: is 19' W. The NGC identification is very uncertain due to a poor position from Marth. This galaxy is identified as IC 1852 in CGCG, UGC and MCG and identified as NGC 1109 in RNGC and RC3.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1852 = J. 3-956, along with
IC 1846 and 1850, on 7 Jan 1896.
His position is a good match with
Albert Marth discovered NGC 1112 = m 77 on 2 Dec 1863 with Lassell's 48" on Malta and logged "F, pS". This is the third in a group of 8 galaxies he discovered that night, several of which (NGC 1109, 1111, 1112, 1113, 1117) have identification problems because of poor positions or possibly he confused faint stars as nebulous.
Harold Corwin suggests NGC 1112 may refer IC 1852 = UGC 2293 = PGC 10660. Stephane Javelle discovered this galaxy on 7 Jan 1896 with the 30-inch refractor at the Nice Observatory. Marth's position is exactly 1.0 min of RA following IC 1852 and matches in declination. CGCG, UGC and MCG label this galaxy IC 1852, while RNGC, PGC, RC3 and Megastar identify it as NGC 1109. RNGC classifies NGC 1112 as nonexistent. Finally, HyperLEDA equates IC 1852 with NGC 1109. Although NGC 1112 = IC 1852 is a reasonable match, given all the problems in this region this identification is very uncertain. See Corwin's notes for NGC 1109 and Courtney's Seligman website for NGC 1112.
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02 48 04.3 -13 59 35; Eri
V = 14.2; Size 1.0'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 91°
17.5" (12/28/94): extremely faint, very small. Just glimpsed 2.0' SSW of NGC 1103. Too faint to view any additional details.
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1853 = Ho III-8 on 23 Jan 1900 and recorded "eF, vS, near [NGC] 1103." His position is accurate.
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02 48 50.8 -00 46 03; Cet
V = 13.5; Size 1.1'x0.6'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 60°
24" (11/21/19): at 375x; fairly faint but relatively prominent in the field, elongated 2:1 SW-NE, 40"x20", irregular surface brightness. The galaxy seembed brighter or had a knot at the NE end and was more tapered on the SW end. There was a strong impression of a brighter elongated core or bar.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1856 = J. 3-959 on 24 Jan 1898.
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02 49 08.4 -31 17 24; For
V = 13.1; Size 1.8'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 176°
24" (11/23/19): at 375x; between faint and fairly
faint, elongated 5:2 N-S, 0.75'x0.3', slightly brighter core, low uneven
surface brightness. One of the
brightest members of cluster ACO S301.
24" (12/6/18): at 260x; between faint and fairly faint, very elongated 3:1 N-S, ~0.9'x0.3', brighter core. Second brightest member of the galaxy cluster ACO S301.
17.5" (12/9/01): extremely faint, small, slightly
elongated N-S, 25"x20" (viewed core only). Faintest in a trio with
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1858 = Sw. 11-45, along with IC 1859 and 1860, on 5 Sep 1897. He reported "vF; pS; R; 1st of 3." His RA is 25 seconds too small and IC 1859 is actually a bit further west. The position was corrected in Robert Baker's 1933 "Catalogue of 985 Extragalactic Nebulae in a Region in Fornax and Eridanus", based on photographs taken with the Bruce astrograph in South Africa.
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IC 1859 = ESO 416-028 = MCG -05-07-032 = PGC 10665
02 49 03.9 -31 10 21; For
V = 13.2; Size 1.2'x0.8'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 35°
24" (11/23/19): at 375x; between faint and fairly faint, elongated 5:3 N-S, ~35"x20". A mag 12.9 star is 1.3' W. One of the brighter members of the ACO S301 cluster.
24" (12/6/18): at 260x; very faint, fairly small, elongated ~2:1 N-S, ~35"x20", low surface brightness with a slightly brighter core. A mag 12.8 star is 1.4' W.
17.5" (12/9/01): faint, small, round, 20" diameter. Located 1.3' E of a mag 13 star. First of three with IC 1858 and IC 1860 in the ACO S301 = Klemola 2 cluster.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1859 = Sw. 11-46, along with IC 1858 and 1860, on 5 Sep 1897. He reported "pF; pS; R; 2nd of 3." His RA was 25 seconds of time too small. The position was corrected in Robert Baker's 1933 "Catalogue of 985 Extragalactic Nebulae in a Region in Fornax and Eridanus".
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IC 1860 = ESO 416-031 = MCG -05-07-035 = PGC 10707
02 49 33.8 -31 11 23; For
V = 12.7; Size 1.7'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 6°
24" (11/23/19): at 375x; fairly faint, moderately large, oval 5:3 N-S, 50"x30", broad concentration, slightly brighter round core.
24" (12/6/18): at 260x; nearly moderately bright,
slightly elongated N-S, 40" diameter, bright core. Brightest member of the cluster
ACO S301 with IC 1859 6.4' W and IC 1858 8' SW.
17.5" (12/9/01): faint, fairly small, round, 30" diameter. Largest and brightest in a trio with IC 1858 8' SW and IC 1859 6.5' WNW in the core of the ACO S301 = Klemola 2 cluster. A mag 12.3 star is 1.7' NW.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1860 = Sw. 11-47, along with IC 1858 and 1859, on 5 Sep 1897. He reported "pF; pS; lE; 3rd of 3." His RA is 17 seconds too small. The position was corrected in Robert Baker's 1933 "Catalogue of 985 Extragalactic Nebulae in a Region in Fornax and Eridanus".
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02 53 07.0 +25 29 25; Ari
V = 13.3; Size 1.4'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.6; PA = 150°
24" (12/8/20): at 260x; fairly faint, oval 3:2 NNW-SSE, 0.6'x0.4', brighter elongated core. A mag 11.8 star is 50" W (off edge).
Édouard Stephan discovered IC 1861 on 22 Nov 1886, the last night with documented observations. His uncorrected position is close off the SE end of the galaxy and he mentions it follows an 11th mag star by 2 seconds of time. The observation was made after the publication of his last discovery list (in 1885).
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1861 again on 1 Sep 1888 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. He noted in his logbook (unpublished) "Seaching with low power, found a small faint nebulosity close following a 9m star (the N.p. of 2, distance 5' +/-)". Barnard made a rough sketch and added the description, "F, pS, R, very gradually brighter middle, close following a 9th mag star." Barnard was credited with the discovery in the IC, so he must have notified Dreyer directly.
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02 51 58.8 -33 20 25; For
V = 13.7; Size 3.0'x0.3'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 3°
24" (12/20/17): faint to fairly faint, moderately
large, edge-on 5:1 N-S, 1.0'x0.2', brighter central region but no distinct
core, overall low surface brightness.
Located 8' NW of mag 8.1
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1862 = Sw. 11-48 on 25 Nov 1897 and recorded "eeeF; vS; lE; 7m * in field sf; eee diff." His RA is 41 seconds too small, but a mag 8 star is 8' SSE, matching his description, so this identification is pretty secure.
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02 53 39.3 -34 11 53; For
V = 12.6; Size 1.2'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.2; PA = 63°
17.5" (12/9/01): faint, small, round, 25" diameter, weak even concentration. Located 2.8° east of the Fornax Dwarf.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1864 = Sw. 11-49 on 19 Oct 1897 and recorded "eF; S; R." His RA is 29 seconds too small, but pretty accurate in declination.
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02 57 53.5 -02 20 49; Eri
V = 13.2; Size 2.8'x1.6'; Surf Br = 14.7; PA = 133°
24" (1/28/17): at 282x; fairly faint, moderately large,
elongated NW-SE, ~0.9'x0.5', increases in size with averted vision. Contains a small brighter core. Low surface brightness but slightly
irregular and patchy. Situated
just 1.7' WSW of mag 7.7
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1870 on 28 Nov 1888 with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. He noted "vF, R, very gradually brighter middle, v difficult" and made a rough sketch (in his logbook) with the nearby bright star. Barnard notified Dreyer directly of the discovery.
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IC 1871 = LBN 675 = Ced 11 = Sh 2-201
02 57 21 +60 40 18; Cas
Size 4.0'x4.0'
See observing notes for IC 1848 = "Soul Nebula"
E.E. Barnard discovered IC 1871 photographically at Lick Observatory and communicated the discovery directly to Dreyer. Barnard's position matches mag 9.4 BD +60d 624 = GSC 4048:1659. Harold Corwin writes "I think that Barnard got the wrong magnitude 9.3 BD star. Instead of BD +60d 596 which is surrounded by nebulosity, "chiefly following", he listed the position of BD +60d 624." Corwin's star is on the eastern side of IC 1848.
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03 04 32.3 -27 27 38; For
V = 14.1; Size 1.1'x1.0'; Surf Br = 14.1
24" (12/6/18): at 124x and 375x; almost fairly faint, slightly elongated, 30"x25". A mag 13 star is 1.7' SE.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1876 = Sw. 11-51 on 16 Sep 1896
and logged it as "eeF; vS; R; F * near sf." His position is 2' SE of
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03 06 28.6 -09 43 53; Eri
Size 1.6'x1.1'; PA = 33°
24" (12/6/18): at 375x; between faint and fairly faint,
slightly elongated SSW-NNE, 0.5'x0.4', small slightly brighter nucleus. Situated 2' W of a mag 10.4 star. NGC
1214 (= HCG 23A) lies 13' NE and
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1880 = Ho. III-10 on 30 Dec 1900. His position was accurate.
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03 09 17.3 +38 38 59; Per
V = 14.5; Size 1.8'x1.4'; Surf Br = 15.4; PA = 60°
See observing notes for
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1881 = Big. 253 on 10 Jan 1891, while searching for NGC 1213. His position matches NGC 1213 = UGC 2557, but Swift's position was off by 0.4 minutes in RA. As a result Bigourdan misidentified a star as NGC 1213 and thought B.253 was new. The IC description questions whether IC 1881 = NGC 1213? It does.
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03 09 42.2 +40 53 35; Per
V = 14.5; Size 0.9'x0.5'; PA = 22°
24" (12/20/17): at 375x; fairly faint, small, slightly
elongated, 20"x15", faint stellar nucleus. Located 18' ESE of Algol and 2.7' SW of a mag 8.7 star
within
18" (11/22/03): faint, small, round, 25" diameter,
even surface brightness. Forms the
SW vertex of an equilateral triangle with mag 8.7
E.E. Barnard found IC 1883 on on 26 Nov 1888 with the
12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory.
His discovery was communicated directly to Dreyer and not announced in
any of his papers. This galaxy was
discovered earlier by Lewis Swift on 18 Oct 1884 and recorded in his first
discovery list as I-5 (later
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03 09 42.7 +40 58 27; Per
V = 14.6; Size 1.1'x0.2'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 131°
24" (12/20/17): at 375x; faint to fairly faint, small, elongated ~5:2 NW-SE, ~25"x10", low nearly even surface brightness. Located 17' E of Algol and 2.8' NNW of mag 8.7 SAO 38614. IC 1883 = NGC 1212 is 4.9' S.
18" (11/22/03): very faint, very small, appears as a tiny elongated streak, ~25"x8". Located 5' N of IC 1883 (= NGC 1212) and 2.8' NNW of mag 8.7 SAO 38614 at the west side of AGC 426. Two mag 12/13 stars lie 50" E and 1.3' NE.
E.E. Barnard found IC 1884 on 26 Nov 1888 with the 12-inch
refractor at Lick Observatory. He
communicated the result directly to Dreyer who didn't notice the equivalence
with IC 290, discovered by Swift (along with
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03 08 03.2 -04 23 59; Eri
Size 0.8'x0.5'; PA = 0°
17.5" (1/7/89): very faint, extremely small,
round. A mag 13.5 star is 0.9' S
of center. Picked up 10' SSW of
Guillaume Bigourdan discovered IC 1886 = Big. 254 on 9 Dec 1893, He noted the mag 13 star to the south.
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03 10 12.9 +40 45 56; Per
V = 13.5; Size 1.2'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.1; PA = 75°
18" (11/22/03): faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 WSW-ENE, 0.9'x0.4', very weak concentration. Located 2.4' S of a mag 10 star at the west edge of AGC 426. NGC 1212 lies 10' NW.
E.E. Barnard independently discovered IC 1887, along with IC 1888, on 23 Nov 1888 while sweeping near Algol with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. The discovery was communicated directly to Dreyer. Lewis Swift discovered this pair just two and half months earlier and reported it in his 8th discovery list (#17). So, IC 1887 = IC 292.
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03 10 56.2 +41 08 14; Per
V = 14.0; Size 0.9'x0.7'; PA = 90°
24" (12/20/17): at 375x; faint, small, round, 20"
diameter, broad and weak concentration.
Situated in a rich star field 6' SW of mag 8.1
E.E. Barnard independently discovered IC 1888, along with IC 1887, on 23 Nov 1888 while sweeping near Algol with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. The discovery was communicated directly to Dreyer. Lewis Swift discovered this pair just two and half months earlier and reported it in his 8th discovery list (#18). So, IC 1888 = IC 293.
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03 11 03.1 +40 37 20; Per
V = 13.8; Size 1.4'x1.0'; PA = 106°
24" (1/1/16): at 375x; fairly faint, fairly small,
elongated 4:3 E-W, 24"x18", weak concentration. Three similar stars are near; a mag
14.5 star is 0.6' NW, a mag 14 star is 1.4' WNW and another mag 14 star is 1.1'
WSW.
E.E. Barnard independently discovered IC 1889, along with IC
1887 (= IC 292) and IC 1888 (= IC 293), on 23 Nov 1888 while sweeping near
Algol with the 12-inch refractor at Lick Observatory. The discovery was communicated directly to Dreyer. Lewis Swift discovered this pair just
two and half months earlier on 11 Sep 1888 and reported it in his 8th discovery
list as #19 (later
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03 08 27.8 -23 03 16; Eri
V = 13.2; Size 1.9'x1.0'; Surf Br = 13.8; PA = 2°
17.5" (11/10/96): extremely faint, moderately large,
very low surface brightness, no concentration, probably elongated ~N-S. Initially suspected while viewing the
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1892 = Ho III-11 on 22 Jan 1899 and noted "vF, L; near [NGC] 1230." His micrometric position is very accurate.
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03 09 36.2 -25 15 13; For
V = 13.3; Size 1.5'x1.1'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 164°
24" (12/6/18): at 260x; almost moderately bright, fairly small, round, very small bright core with a 25"-30" halo. Two 12th magnitudes stars are nearby at 0.9' SW and 1.6' NW, with the stars oriented directly N-S.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1895 = Sw. 11-52 on 8 Oct 1896 and reported "eeF; pS; 2 st in meridian [N-S] close p[receding]." His position is 4.5' too far south and 7 seconds of RA too far west, but the identification is certain based on his comment on the two nearby stars (12th magnitude). The declination was corrected in Robert Baker's 1933 "Catalogue of 985 Extragalactic Nebulae in a Region in Fornax and Eridanus", based on photographs taken with the Bruce astrograph in South Africa.
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03 10 45.9 -10 47 46; Eri
V = 14.3; Size 0.6'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.0
17.5" (12/28/94): faint, small, round, weak
concentration. A mag 13 star is
1.5' S. Forms a pair with brighter
Herbert Howe discovered IC 1897 = Ho III-12 on 24 Jan 1900 with the 20-inch refractor at the Chamberlin Observatory. He noted "eF, vS; near [NGC] 1238" and his micrometric position is accurate.
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03 10 19.8 -22 24 17; Eri
V = 12.9; Size 3.6'x0.6'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 73°
24" (12/6/18): at 124x and 260x; faint, fairly large, very thin edge-on,~1.5'x0.2', low surface brightness (partly due to its low elevation)
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1898 = D.S. 170 on an plate taken at Harvard's Arequipa station in 1899.
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03 12 13.1 -25 18 18; For
Size 1.3'x0.3'; PA = 162°
24" (12/6/18): at 260x; fairly faint, fairly small, elongated 2:1 NNW-SSE, 35"x15", nearly even surface brightness. A mag 15.5 star is 45" E of center. IC 1899 is the brightest in a small group (USGC S118) with 5 members at z = .021.
UGCA 61, located 21' NE, appeared faint, moderately large, elongated ~2:1 N-S or NNW-SSE,~50"x25", very low surface brightness, probably mostly viewed the brighter central section (bar).
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1899 = Sw. 11-53 on 22 Dec 1897 and reported "eeF; S; R; 2 faint st near [south-preceding] point to it." His reported RA was 23 seconds too far west, but the identification is certain based on his comment on the two collinear stars to the southwest. The RA was corrected in Robert Baker's 1933 "Catalogue of 985 Extragalactic Nebulae in a Region in Fornax and Eridanus", based on photographs taken with the Bruce astrograph in South Africa.
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03 15 55.2 +37 09 15; Per
V = 13.9; Size 0.6'x0.4'; PA = 92°
24" (2/5/13): brightest and first in the trio of IC galaxies. At 375x appeared fairly faint, small, elongated 4:3 E-W, 24"x18", increases to a small bright core and stellar nucleus.
24" (1/12/13): brightest in a trio (
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1900 = J. 3-973, along with
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IC 1901 = MCG +06-08-008 = CGCG 525-014 = KTG 10B = PGC 12136
03 16 02.6 +37 06 45; Per
Size 0.7'x0.2'; PA = 164°
24" (2/5/13): second brightest in the KTG 10 trio (differing opinion than last month) with IC 1900 and IC 1902. At 375x appeared fairly faint, small, elongated 24"x15" N-S, sharply concentrated with a bright quasi-stellar nucleus and very faint extensions. Located 2.9' SSE of IC 1900 and 2.4' ENE of a mag 10.3 star.
24" (1/12/13): faintest member of the KTG 10 trio with IC 1900 2.9' NNW and IC 1902 4.4' NNE. At 375x appeared faint, very small, elongated 2:1 ~N-S, 15"x8" (core region viewed), brighter nucleus. The galaxy has a similar surface brightness as IC 1900, but is smaller. A 1.2' pair of mag 10.3/11 stars lies ~3' WSW.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1901 = J. 3-974, along with IC 1900 and 1902, on 18 Jan 1898. He reported "F, R, 20" to 30", similar to IC 1900."
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IC 1902 = CGCG 525-015 = KTG 10C = PGC 12150
03 16 12.4 +37 10 39; Per
Size 0.5'x0.3'; PA = 67°
24" (2/5/13): faintest in the KTG 10 trio with IC 1900 and IC 1901. At 375x appeared faint to fairly faint, small, round, 12"-15" diameter, contains a stellar nucleus. Located 3.7' NE of IC 1900.
24" (1/12/13): faint to fairly faint, very small, 15", moderately high even surface brightness except for a faint nearly stellar nucleus. Furthest northeast in the KTG 10 trio with IC 1900 and IC 1901.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1902 = J. 3-975, along with IC 1900 and 1901, on 18 Jan 1898.
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03 19 54.1 +41 33 48; Per
V = 12.4; Size 1.5'x1.3'; Surf Br = 13.2
See observing notes for
24" (2/13/18):
Guillaume Bigourdan found IC 1907 = Big. 375 on 22 Oct 1884
and reported it in his 4th Comptes Rendus list. His position matches NGC 1278, discovered by d'Arrest on 14
Feb 1863. See notes on
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03 19 34.5 -32 27 54; For
V = 13.8; Size 1.9'x0.25'; PA = 149°
24" (11/23/19): at 260x; extremely faint, moderately large, thin ghostly streak NW-SE, ~60"x10". Only glimpsed with effort but repeatable in the same position and orientation. Collinear with mag 14.8 5' NW and mag 11.7 7' NW. IC 1913 is an outlying member of the Fornax I cluster, ~5° NW of the center of the cluster.
Delisle Stewart discovered IC 1913 = D.S. 178 in 1899 on a plate taken at Harvard's Arequipa station.
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03 26 02.2 -32 53 40; For
V = 12.8; Size 1.6'x1.2'; Surf Br = 13.4; PA = 84°
24" (1/1/19): at 260x; either faint or fairly faint, slightly elongated, ~0.6'x0.5', nearly even surface brightness (fairly low). A mag 15 star is 1.6' SE. A mag 10 star is 5' NNW; this is the brightest and closest of 8 brighter stars scattered to the north.
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1919 = Sw. 11-54 on 25 Nov 1897 and recorded "eeF; pS; lE; 7 or 8 pB st[ars] n[orth] like letter V." His RA is 37 seconds too far west, but the distinctive star field verifies the identification. He first reported the object in his 5th discovery list at Lowe Observatory and his RA was off by 10 minutes (too small). Dreyer noted the discrepancy and queried if the RA was wrong in the IC2 (it wasn't, except for the 37 second error).
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03 38 44.9 -44 06 02; Hor
V = 11.3; Size 2.3'x1.7'; Surf Br = 12.6; PA = 6°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1943 = Sw. 11-55 on 3 Oct 1897 and
recorded "pB, S, R".
There is nothing near his position but Harold Corwin suggests Swift may
have made a 10 minute error in RA.
If so, then IC 1943 = NGC 1411.
The dec matches and the description is appropriate. Swift made a similar
error of 10 minutes in RA for four objects discovered on 1 Sep 1888; IC 895, IC
1028, IC 1045 and
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03 30 32.8 -50 20 19; Hor
V = 14.8; Size 0.5'x0.4'; Surf Br = 13.0; PA = 131°
24" (4/5/08 - Magellan Observatory, Australia): IC 1947
is a faint companion to
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1947 = DS 206 from a plate taken on 14 Oct 1898 at Harvard's Arequipa Station.
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03 33 41.9 -21 28 43; Eri
V = 11.7; Size 2.8'x2.1'; Surf Br = 13.5; PA = 121°
24" (11/23/19): at 375x; moderately bright, large, slightly elongated, 1.5'-2' diameter, small brighter core seemed offset north of the center. At times a brighter "spine" or central bar was visible extending in a N-S orientation. The surface brightness was fairly low and irregular with a patchy appearance. This galaxy is situated just 9' N of 4.3 magnitude Tau 5 Eri and it helped to place the star outside the field.
13.1" (10/10/86): fairly faint, very large, diffuse, oval WNW-ESE, weak concentration. Located 9' N of the bright star Tau 5 Eridani (V = 4.3) that detracts from viewing. Member of the NGC 1332 group?
DeLisle Stewart discovered IC 1953 = DS 213 from a plate
taken in 1899 at Harvard's Arequipa Station. He reported "vF, cL, spir or ring neb." Based on photographs taken at the Helwan
observatory in 1927-31, IC 1953 was described as "F, R, 2' dia, spiral
with a pF ncl, vlE [bar] 160°, [spiral arms] showing condensations and
absoprtion on the preceding side."
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03 31 31.4 -51 54 17; Hor
V = 11.6; Size 3.2'x1.5'; Surf Br = 13.2; PA = 66°
24" (4/5/08 - Magellan Observatory, Australia): at 260x this was a surprisingly bright and detailed IC galaxy that was missed by John Herschel! Appears elongated ~2:1 WSW-ENE, ~2.8'x1.4' with a broad concentration to a large, brighter core. With direct vision a small brighter nucleus was visible at the center. There was a strong impression of spiral structure with slightly enhanced arcs (probably portions of spiral arms) extending east of the core on the south side and west of the core on the north side (this is consistent with images of the galaxy).
Robert Innes discovered IC 1954 in 1898 with the 7-inch Merz refractor at the Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope. His discovery position in MN, 59, p.339 is 12 seconds of RA too large. DeLisle Stewart also recorded this galaxy on a plate taken on 14 Oct 1898 at Harvard's Arequipa Station in Peru and called it a "Find S spiral"
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03 35 31.0 -34 26 49; For
V = 11.9; Size 2.6'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.3; PA = 84°
18" (1/21/04): fairly faint, moderately large, very elongated ~E-W, 1.5'x0.4', slightly brighter core, tapering extensions (spindle-shaped). Located 7.5' E of a mag 11.5 star. This is one of the brighter non-NGC galaxies in the Fornax I cluster.
Lewis Swift found IC 1963 = Sw. 11-56 on 7 Sep 1897 (given
as 27 Sep in his fourth discovery list from Lowe Observatory) and logged
"pB; S; eeeE; a hair line 90°.
See note." The note
mentions "these [along with
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03 37 47.7 +03 16 16; Tau
Size 0.9'x0.4'; PA = 60°
24" (2/23/22): at 260x; faint, fairly small, slightly
elongated SW-NE,
30"x20". A mag 13 star is 0.7' SE of center.
Stephane Javelle discovered IC 1967 = J. 3-980 on 29 Jan 1894. His position is accurate.
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03 36 31.5 -43 57 25; Hor
V = 12.1; Size 3.2'x0.7'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 75°
24" (11/18/12 - Magellan Observatory, Australia):
fairly bright, fairly large, thin edge-on ~5:1 WSW-ENE, 2.0'x0.4', with a
slightly brighter, bulging core.
Located 25' WNW of NGC 1411.
Member of the
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1970 = Sw. 11-57 on 17 Nov 1897 and recorded "eeeF; vS; eeE; a ray, 90°; B * following." His position is 7' too far west-southwest, but the identification is certain based on the description. Delisle Stewart found the galaxy again on a photograph taken in 1901 at Harvard's Arequipa Station with the Bruce 24" astrograph. He measured an accurate position and described it as "eF, vS, eE at 75°."
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03 40 29.3 -26 51 44; For
V = 12.5; Size 1.9'x0.8'; Surf Br = 12.8; PA = 131°
17.5" (1/12/02): moderately bright, moderately large,
elongated nearly 2:1 NW-SE, 1.3'x0.7', bright core. Situated in a group of three mag 11/12 stars with a mag 12
star 1.6' SE. Located 38' SE of
Lewis Swift found IC 1981 = Sw. 11-58 on 26 Dec 1897 at Echo
Mountain in the San Gabriel mountains and recorded "eF, eS, lE, * close
nf". His position is 37
seconds of RA west of
Both NGC 1412 and IC 1981 were reported as not found in 1935 at the Helwan observatory on plates taken in 1927-31 (Bulletin 38). ESO and MCG use only the IC designation but both designations are given in NED, HyperLeda and SIMBAD. Included in my RNGC Corrections #6 and Corwin's notes.
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03 40 56.8 -22 33 50; Eri
V = 11.9; Size 3.5'x1.8'; Surf Br = 13.7; PA = 148°
See observing notes for
Lewis Swift found IC 1983 = Sw. 11-59 on 8 Oct 1896 from Echo Mountain in Southern California and recorded "vF; pS; R; not [NGC] 1426." His position is 3.4' SE of NGC 1415, the most likely galaxy he picked up according to Harold Corwin. See his identification notes on IC 1983.
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03 44 36 +32 10; Per
V = 7.3; Size 10'x10'
17.5" (12/16/95):
E.E. Barnard found IC 1985 on a plate taken 6 Dec 1893 at Lick Observatory. The IC position matches the brightest star in the IC 348 cluster. So, IC 1985 = IC 348.
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03 47 04.8 -33 42 36; For
V = 11.7; Size 2.5'x2.1'; Surf Br = 13.3; PA = 56°
18" (1/21/04): fairly faint, fairly large, low surface
brightness glow with just a very weak concentration, slightly elongated ~N-S,
roughly 2.0'x1.7'. Located just
1.5' ESE of mag 9.3
Lewis Swift discovered IC 1993 = Sw. 11-62 on 19 Nov 1897 and logged "eF; L; cE; 7 1/2m in contact; ee diff." In his Astronoical Journal list (15th object is the 5th discovery list from Lowe Observatory), Swift mentions the star "nearly obliterates it" and has a note "it seems strange, although in close contact if not partly superimposed on the star, that it was not found long ago. I think it would, could it be detached from the star, be quite an interesting one.
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